scholarly journals Infomapa da mineração: Cartografias e convergências temáticas

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Eduardo Alvares da Silva Barcelos
Keyword(s):  
Public Debate ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Potential Damage

O Infomapa da Mineração: Cartografias e convergências temáticas é um esforço de sistematização de temas relevantes que compõem a questão mineral brasileira. O objetivo deste material é popularizar alguns ele­mentos que constituem a geografia da mineração no país e ampliar o debate público a partir de uma linguagem acessível que possibilite uma visão de conjunto sobre as dinâmicas da atividade mineral no Brasil. O material está dividido em quatro seções. A primeira seção apresenta a evolução dos processos minerários em todo território nacional em quatro recortes temporais. A segunda seção mostra a distri­buição das barragens de mineração segundo o dano potencial associado. A terceira seção traz a distribui­ção das minas ativas a céu aberto e as localidades com garimpo ilegal. E a quarta seção representa a densidade de conflitos no campo envolvendo a mineração. Palavras-chave: Mineração; cartografia; Brasil; conflitos.   Abstract The Mining Infomap: cartographies and thematic convergences is an effort to systematize relevant subjects that make up the Brazilian mineral issue. The aim of this material is to popularize some elements that constitute the geography of mining in the country, and to broaden the public debate based on an accessible language that allows an overall view of the dynamics of mineral activity in Brazil. The material is divided into four sections. The first section presents the evolution of mining processes throughout the country in four time periods. The second section shows the distribution of mining dams according to their associated potential damage. The third section shows the distribution of active open-pit mines and the locations of illegal mining. And the fourth section represents the density of conflicts in the countryside involving mining. Keywords: Mining; cartography; Brazil; conflicts.   Infomapa de la minería: Cartografías y convergencias temáticas Resumen El Infomapa de la Minería: cartografías y convergencias temáticas es un esfuerzo por sistematizar temas relevantes que componen el tema mineral brasileño. El objetivo de este material es popularizar algunos elementos que constituyen la geografía de la minería en el país y ampliar el debate público a partir de un lenguaje accesible que permita una visión global de la dinámica de la actividad minera en Brasil. El material se divide en cuatro secciones. La primera sección presenta la evolución de los procesos mineros en todo el territorio nacional en cuatro períodos de tiempo. La segunda sección muestra la distribución de las presas mineras según el daño potencial asociado. La tercera sección presenta la distribución de minas a cielo abierto activas y los lugares con minería ilegal. Y la cuarta sección representa la densidad de los conflictos rurales relacionados con la minería. Palabras clave: Minería; cartografía; Brasil; conflictos.

The Curés and the Third Estate: the Ideas of Reform in the Pamphlets of the French Lower Clergy in the period 1787–1789

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Hutt
Keyword(s):  
Great Majority ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Proper Form ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Revolution

The convening of the Assembly of Notables and the prolonged conflict between the government and the Parlement of Paris gave rise to a ferment of discussion throughout France during 1787 and 1788. This increased after the publication of the arrêt du conseil on 8 August 1788 which gave 1 May 1789 as the date for the opening of an Estates-General. The public debate was greatly encouraged by, and indeed largely carried on in, the innumerable pamphlets which appeared after the king had, in July, invited informed persons to submit memoranda on the proper form and functions of such an assembly. Amid this ‘avalanche of proposals, complaints, protests and far-fetched schemes’ there were a considerable number of pamphlets written by members of the lower clergy. Although the great majority of these are anonymous, the form of the titles and, more important, internal evidence indicate that they are almost certainly the work of clerical writers. The nature and content of these pamphlets are a valuable indication of the attitude of at least a considerable section—and this an influential section—of the lower clergy on the eve of the Revolution. In these pamphlets are expressed in their clearest form the ideas which formed the content of many of the speeches made by curé agitators in the electoral assemblies which met in the spring of 1789, and which, modified in more sober committees, dictated many of the clauses which clerical cahiers devoted to Church affairs.

scholarly journals New Design of Quarry Gravitricity

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir REMLI ◽  
Djouama MOHAMED ◽  
Benselhoub AISSA ◽  
Rachid KHEBBAB ◽  
Nacereddine FELLOUH
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Third World

The consumption of electric energy in open pit mines or quarries maybe can achieve the consumption of all inhabitants of a city which it is according to their size and production of ore. in the other hand, View that the demand crescent of energy electric in the world, the limits of energetic resources in the third world, the increase of prizes operation and the maintenance of classic energy, the environmental consequences of classic energy and the benefic for using the autonomy system for production of electricity incites for searching the other sources responds the demands, To do this, we propose in this work a system equipped by generator for the creation of electrical energy resulting from the traffic of trucks in open pit mines whom situated in mountainous reliefs as knows a new kind of gravitricity.

scholarly journals La empresa social en Bélgica: Diversidad de fuentes, modelos y campos

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Benjamin Huybrechts
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
Introductory Section ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Venture ◽  
Legal Forms

<p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p align="JUSTIFY">Este artículo está estructurado como sigue: la primera sección introductoria revisa las principales <span lang="es-ES">raíces</span> históricas que han conducido a la emergencia de una diversidad de modelos relacionados con la empresa social y a la economía social en Bélgica. Enseguida, la segunda sección esboza los principales aspectos de esos modelos en relación a sus formas legales, tipos de misión social a las que se orientan, dinámicas de gobierno y recursos. En la tercera sección, esos modelos son ilustrados in diferentes <span lang="es-ES">campos</span> de actividad, tanto establecidos como emergentes. Finalmente, la cuarta sección propone un análisis transversal de los principales tendencias y desafíos que enfrenta el desarrollo y coexistencia de los diferentes modelos.</p><p align="JUSTIFY">Palabras clave: Economía Social, tradición cooperativa, tradición asociativa, nueva economía social, social venture</p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p align="JUSTIFY"> </p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em>Social entreprise in Belgium: a diversity of roots, models and fiels</em></p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em>This working paper is structured as follows. The first introductory section reviews the main historical roots that have led to the emergence of a diversity of models related to social enterprise and the social economy in Belgium. Next, the second section sketches the main features of these models in terms of legal forms, types of social missions addressed, governance dynamics and resources. In the third section, these models are then illustrated in different fields of activity both established and emerging. Finally, the fourth section proposes a transversal analysis of the main trends and challenges facing the development and coexistence of the different models.</em><br /><em></em></p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em>Keywords: Social Economy, cooperative tradition, associative tradition, new social economy, social venture </em></p><p align="JUSTIFY"><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals Reception and Perception of May 1968 in Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Pantelis Kyprianos
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
May 68

How is May ’68 received in the public space? How has it been perceived in the collective consciousness in Greece since that day? To investigate the image of May ’68 portrayed by the mass media (public space) and the idea that young Greeks have of it today (collective memory), I relied on three categories of sources: i) Analysis of the texts referring to the events; ii) Interviewing former students who participated in the uprising against the Dictatorship at the Polytechnic in 1973; and iii) Discussions with today’s students to see whether or not they have an image of May ’68, and if so, what it is. This paper is made up of five sections. In the first I provide an overview of the situation in Greece in 1968, in the second I briefly set out the main positions on May ’68 of well-known French social scientists, and in the third I discuss how the period was perceived and the weight of its role in the uprising of Greek students at the Polytechnic in 1973. In the fourth section I paint a brief picture of how May ’68 has been viewed in Greece from the fall of the dictatorship in 1974 to today. Finally, in the fifth and final section, I summarise how today’s students perceive the events. 

scholarly journals When I'm Sixty-Four: Beatles Rock Band and the Commodification of Nostalgia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaigris Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Game Studies ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rock Band ◽  
Theoretical Overview ◽  
Over Time

In 2009, only a few months after the game’s release, the popular trade magazine Advertising Age declared Beatles Rock Band one of America’s hottest brands ("America's hottest brands", 2009). This is quite a feat for a lowly video game, and begs that we consider the reasons for the game’s success as well a the potential social consequences for similar popular games. There are two major elements at work in the creation of Beatles Rock Band as a successful brand, and this paper conducts an analysis of the game in order to identify both of them. First of all, it explores the Beatles as a brand that continues to provide emotional and spiritual value for consumers, and how the feelings associated with this brand have developed intertextually since the band first gained international popularity in 1962. Secondly, this paper will show how Beatles Rock Band works almost like a documentary game, and in doing so rewrites history in order to capitalize on a white-washed and romanticized ideal of 1960s culture. As such, it will show the ways that the Beatles Rock Band draws on previous commercial texts associated with the Beatles brand to create an hyperreal fiction based on historic people and events. This paper is divided up into four sections. The first section will provide a theoretical overview of convergence, remediation, and the business of culture, and then will conduct a brief review of the methodology of digital game studies. The second section will look at the specifics of the game, and some of ways that the game has been marketed to the public at large. The third section will provide a description and overview of the Beatles as a brand, and the ways the brand continues to adapt and change over time in order to appeal to a broad and changing audience. Finally, the fourth section will discuss the commoditfication of nostalgia generally, and the specific ways that this game rewrites history to reproduce it as a commodity.

scholarly journals Conocimiento y estudios sobre el agua subterránea en la Costa de Hermosillo

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Moreno Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Prevailing View ◽  
Natural Recharge

Resumen:En este trabajo se analiza el papel que desempeñó la evolución del conocimiento científico en materia de agua subterránea en el desarrollo de una región agrícola del noroeste del país. En la introducción, se aborda el contexto económico y la visión dominante que existía sobre la disponibilidad y aprovechamiento del agua que hicieron posible el nacimiento de la Costa de Hermosillo a mediados de los años 40. En el primer apartado, se describe el conocimiento que había sobre el agua del subsuelo en ciertas zonas del país y del estado de Sonora antes de dicho nacimiento. En el segundo, se muestran las diferentes estimaciones realizadas acerca del potencial de agua subterránea a nivel nacional y estatal, así como los métodos empleados para tal efecto. En el tercer apartado, se discuten las diversas estimaciones efectuadas sobre la recarga natural del acuífero de la Costa a lo largo de la década de los años 60. Por último, en el cuarto se ofrece un resumen de las conclusiones derivadas de este análisis y los riesgos de la falta de conocimiento actualizado sobre este acuífero ante la posible puesta en práctica de nuevos proyectos de aprovechamiento de agua. Palabras clave: Agua, Subsuelo, Norte de México, Sonora, Recarga de acuíferos. Abstract:This work analyzes the role played by the evolution of scientific knowledge with regard to groundwater in the development of an agricultural region in the northwest of the country. The introduction presents the economic context and the prevailing view of the availability and exploitation of water which made possible the origin of the Costa de Hermosillo in the mid-40s. The first section describes the knowledge of groundwater in certain areas of the country and in the state of Sonora that existed before the origin of the Costa. The second section shows different estimates of groundwater potential at both national and state levels, as well as the methods used for these estimates. The third section discusses various estimates of the natural recharge of the Costa aquifer throughout the sixties. Finally, the fourth section gives a summary of the conclusions derived from this analysis, and the risks stemming from the lack of up-to-date knowledge of this aquifer prior to possible implementation of new projects for the utilization of water. Key words: Water, Groundwater, Northern Mexico, Sonora, recharge of aquifers.

Remaking the Public

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-115
Author(s):  
Brannon D. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multiple Configurations

The third chapter explores how Deobandis conceived the very task of reform, its limitations, and its ambivalences. After providing an overview of the rise of the Indian “public” in the latter half of the nineteenth century and its multiple configurations—technological, social, and textual—it looks closely at an exchange of letters in 1897 between Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and Ashraf `Ali Thanvi, in which Gangohi chastised his disciple Thanvi for attempting to reform devotees of the mawlud by preaching to them directly. For reasons the chapter explores, Thanvi concluded that reforming Muslim publics through the publication of reformist literature was a far more reliable means of implementing reform. In subsequent years, Thanvi would go on to compose a staggering number of reformist texts. But it also shows how he struggled with the ambivalence of reform through books. At every stage, he stressed the irreplaceability of the `ulama as custodians of religious knowledge for lay Muslims and urged readers not to delve into, let alone publically discuss, difficult legal-theological issues (masa’il). The chapter also argues that Deobandi-Barelvi polemics, which exploded at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth, were precisely the form of public debate about such difficult issues that Thanvi and other Deobandis were keen to avoid.

scholarly journals Monitoring Mining Activities Using Sentinel-1A InSAR Coherence in Open-Pit Coal Mines

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Lili Wang ◽  
Liao Yang ◽  
Weisheng Wang ◽  
Baili Chen ◽  
Xiaolin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Bare Rock ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Illegal Mining

Long-term continuous monitoring of the mining activities in open-pit coal mines is conducive to planning and management of the mining operations. Additionally, this faciliatates assessment on their environmental impact and supervises illegal mining behaviors. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology can be effectively applied in the monitoring of open-pit mines where vegetation is sparse and land cover is dominated by bare rock. The main objective of this study is to monitor the mining activities of four open-pit coal mines in the Wucaiwan mining area in China from 2018 to 2020, namely No. 1, No. 2 (containing two mining areas), and No. 3. We use the normalized differential activity index (NDAI) based on the coherence coefficient as an indicator of the mine activity due to its robustness to temporal and spatial decorrelation. After analyzing and removing the decorrelation caused by rain and snow weather, 70 NDAI images in 12-day intervals are obtained from Sentinel-1A InSAR coherence images. Then, the annually-averaged NDAI images are applied to an RGB composite technique (red for 2018, green for 2019, blue for 2020) to express the interannual variation of the mining activities. Points of interest are then selected for NDAI time series analysis. The RGB composite results indicated that No. 1 and 3 open-pit coal mines were continuously mined during the three years; whereas, the two mining areas of No. 2 were mainly active in 2018. The 12-day NDAI time-series graphs of No. 2 open-pit coal mine also indicate that the coal piles located in the coal transferring area of the first mining area were not completely removed until April 2019. It is also seen that the second mining area was decommissioned in November 2018 and became rehabilitated in July 2019. Results were validated using the Sentinel-2A images and related background information confirming the efficiency of the proposed approach for monitoring the mining activity in open-pit mines.

scholarly journals When I'm Sixty-Four: Beatles Rock Band and the Commodification of Nostalgia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaigris Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Game Studies ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rock Band ◽  
Theoretical Overview ◽  
Over Time

In 2009, only a few months after the game’s release, the popular trade magazine Advertising Age declared Beatles Rock Band one of America’s hottest brands ("America's hottest brands", 2009). This is quite a feat for a lowly video game, and begs that we consider the reasons for the game’s success as well a the potential social consequences for similar popular games. There are two major elements at work in the creation of Beatles Rock Band as a successful brand, and this paper conducts an analysis of the game in order to identify both of them. First of all, it explores the Beatles as a brand that continues to provide emotional and spiritual value for consumers, and how the feelings associated with this brand have developed intertextually since the band first gained international popularity in 1962. Secondly, this paper will show how Beatles Rock Band works almost like a documentary game, and in doing so rewrites history in order to capitalize on a white-washed and romanticized ideal of 1960s culture. As such, it will show the ways that the Beatles Rock Band draws on previous commercial texts associated with the Beatles brand to create an hyperreal fiction based on historic people and events. This paper is divided up into four sections. The first section will provide a theoretical overview of convergence, remediation, and the business of culture, and then will conduct a brief review of the methodology of digital game studies. The second section will look at the specifics of the game, and some of ways that the game has been marketed to the public at large. The third section will provide a description and overview of the Beatles as a brand, and the ways the brand continues to adapt and change over time in order to appeal to a broad and changing audience. Finally, the fourth section will discuss the commoditfication of nostalgia generally, and the specific ways that this game rewrites history to reproduce it as a commodity.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OF SENTENCED PERSONS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
JAROSLAV KLÁTIK ◽  
◽  
LIBOR KLIMEK
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Level ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third

The work deals with implementation of electronic monitoring of sentenced persons in the Slovak Republic. It is divided into eight sections. The first section introduces restorative justice as a prerequisite of electronic monitoring in criminal proceedings. While the second section points out at the absence of legal regulation of electronic monitoring of sentenced persons at European level, the third section points out at recommendations of the Council of Europe addressed to European States. The fourth section analyses relevant alternative punishments in Slovak criminal justice. The fifth section introduces early beginnings of implementation of concerned system - the pilot project “Electronic Personnel Monitoring System” of the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic. While the sixth section is focused on Slovak national law regulating electronic monitoring of sentenced persons - the Act No. 78/2015 Coll. on Control of the Enforcement of Certain Decisions by Technical Instruments, the seventh section is focused on further amendments of Slovak national law - namely the Act No. 321/2018 Coll. and the Act No. 214/2019 Coll. The last eight section introduces costs of system implementation and its operation.

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