scholarly journals Reductions in feed and water consumptions and body weight in rats consuming aqueous extracts or ground leptadenia pyrotechnic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra S. Alsahafi ◽  
◽  
Sawsan H. Mahassni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne. (LP) is used in folk medicine for the treatment of different ailments. No published studies on the affects of ground and aqueous LP extract in laboratory animals exist. Thus, this study is the first to investigate the difference between using ground or aqueous extract of LP on body weight parameters and consumptions of feed and water in young adult Wistar albino rats. Four groups (one rat of either sex for each group) were administered 25%, 50% and 75% ground LP mixed with the regular feed for 7 days, while the control rats were given the regular diet. Five groups (two rats of either sex for each group) were orally gavaged with 3, 9, 15 and 20 g LP extract/kg body weight, while the control group was gavaged with water, daily for 14 days. Findings were compared with the control groups. The mean body weight loss and feed inefficiency ratio s for the ground LP groups were higher, leading to lower feed and water intakes. Rats that consumed 15 and 20 g LP extract/kg had higher mean body weight loss and feed inefficiency ratio and lower water and feed intakes for the first but not for the second week. Therefore, both forms of LP affect weights and consumptions of water and feed during the first week. Thus, while using LP for any medicinal or therapeutic uses in humans, any affects on weight or feed and water consumptions may last only for a week.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIALITY FOUND IN DIFFERENT MARKETED POLYHERBAL FORMULATION USING GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED HYPERGLYCAEMIA IN RABBIT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Pranjal Boruah ◽  
Jashabir Chakraborty ◽  
Suvakanta Dash
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Equivalence ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Single Dosage

Objective: The aim of this study was performed to evaluate Antidiabetic potentiality found in different marketed polyherbal formulation using glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycaemia in the rabbit.Methods: The potentiality of different polyherbal formulation was investigated using dexamethasone (DEX) induced hyperglycaemia in Rabbit. Eight male rabbits were divided into four groups of two each. The first group is regarded as control group received 3 ml of normal saline daily by using the gastric tube for 15 d and remaining three group received (0.35 mg/Kg B.W. single dosage) of dexamethasone tablets which were powdered, dissolved in 3 ml of normal saline daily for 15 d. After 15 d the blood glucose estimated by using a glucometer and it is found that DXE treatment leads to significant increase in levels of glucose and a significant decrease in body weight. After that second group received metformin tablet. The third and fourth group received polyherbal formulation A and formulation B, which are powdered and dissolved in 3 ml of normal saline daily for 15 d at the dose of 0.5 gm/kg body weight orally. After completion of regular administration for 15 d, the blood glucose was again estimated and compare the results of each the group.Conclusion: The Anti-diabetic polyherbal marketed formulations were having less side effect as compared to standard metformin tablet (e. g. body weight loss). And both the polyherbal formulations were found a therapeutic equivalence to each other, also having the approximately similar potentiality to standard metformin tablet.Results: The result was found that the polyherbal marketed formulations were having less side effect as compared to standard metformin tablet (e. g. body weight loss). And both the polyherbal formulations were found significantly decreased in blood glucose level at equal potentiality, which can be consider as therapeutic equivalence to each other, and both the formulation also having the approximately similar potentiality to standard metformin tablet. 

scholarly journals Effect of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) on serum creatine kinase-MB and troponin I in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in wistar albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Sharmin Nahar ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) is increasing day by day in Bangladesh due to socioeconomic transition. Spices and herbs are important source of remedy for various diseases in human. Curcuma longa suggested to be used as an indigenous medicine for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To observe the effect of Curcuma longa in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in Wistar albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during 2015. Twenty one Wistar albino male rats, weighing 100 to 150 g (initial body weight); aged 85 to 100 days were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, the rats were divided into BC (Baseline control group), ISP-TC (Isoproterenol treated control group) and CLP-ISPT (Curcuma longa pretreated and isoproterenol treated group). Each group consisted of 7 rats. After experiment, on the 10th day, final body weight was taken, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from the heart. The heart was removed and weighed. Serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) level was estimated by ELISA method and Troponin I (cTnI) level by AxSYM method. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Results: In this study, the mean percent (%) change of body weight (p<0.01), mean serum CK-MB (p<0.001) and cTnI (p<0.001) levels were significantly higher but mean heart weight was non significantly higher in ISP-TC in comparison to those of BC. Again, the mean percent (%) change of body weight (p<0.01), mean heart weight (p<0.01), mean serum CK-MB (p<0.01) and cTnI (p<0.001) levels were significantly lower in CLP-ISPT than those of ISP-TC group. Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that Curcuma longa may have cardioprotective effect. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, December; 13(2): 47-53

scholarly journals Comparative Clinical and Haematological Investigations in Lactating Cows with Subclinical and Clinical Ketosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Marutsova ◽  
Rumen Binev ◽  
Plamen Marutsov
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Lactating Cows

Abstract Ketosis of lactating cows is among the most common metabolic diseases in modern dairy farms. The economic importance of the disease is caused by the reduced milk yield and body weight loss, poor feed conversion, lower conception rates, culling and increased mortality of affected animals. In the present study, a total of 47 high-yielding dairy cows up to 45 days in milk (DIM) are included. All animals were submitted to physical examination wich included checking the rectal body temperature, heart rate, respiratory and rumen contraction rates, and inspection of visible mucous coats. The body condition was scored, and blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations were assayed. The cows were divided into 3 groups: first group (control) (n=24) with blood β-hydroxybutyrate level <1.2 mmol/l, second group (n=15) with blood β-hydroxybutyrate between 1.2-2.6 mmol/l (subclinical ketosis) and third group (n=8) with blood β-hydroxybutyrate >2.6 mmol/l (clinical ketosis). Whole blood samples were obtained and analyzed for Red Blood Cell (RBC, 1012/l), Hemoglobin (HGB, g/l), Hematocrit (HCT, %), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV, fl), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH, pg), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC, g/l), White Blood Cell (WBC, 109/l), Lymphocytes (LYM, 109/l), Monocytes (MON, 109/l), Granulocytes (GRA, 109/l), Red Blood Distribution Width (RDW, %), Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Absolute (RDWa, fl), Platelets (PLT, 109/l) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV, fl). In this study, deviations in the clinical parameters in the control group and in those with subclinical ketosis were not identified. The cows from the third group (clinical ketosis) exhibited hypotonia, anorexia and body weight loss vs. control group. Hematological analysis showed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis in cows with subclinical ketosis vs. control group. In cows with clinical ketosis WBC counts decreased (leukopenia), while hemoglobin content and hematocrit values are higher vs. control group. Blood BHBA values are higher in both groups of ketotic cows vs. the control group. The other analyzed parameters (RBC, MCH, MCHC, MCV, RDW, RDWa, MON, GRA, PLT and MPV) were close to control values.

scholarly journals Effects of Mild and Severe Vitamin B1 Deficiencies on the Meiotic Maturation of Mice Oocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117863881769382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Tsuji ◽  
Toshinobu Nakamura ◽  
Katsumi Shibata
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Severe Vitamin ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis

We investigated the effects of vitamin B1 deficiency on the meiosis maturation of oocytes. Female Crl:CD1 (ICR) mice were fed a 20% casein diet (control group) or a vitamin B1–free diet (test group). The vitamin B1 concentration in ovary was approximately 30% lower in the test group than in the control group. Oocyte meiosis was not affected by vitamin B1 deficiency when the deficiency was not accompanied by body weight loss. On the contrary, frequency of abnormal oocyte was increased by vitamin B1 deficiency when deficiency was accompanied by body weight loss (referred to as severe vitamin B1 deficiency; frequency of abnormal oocyte, 13.8% vs 43.7%, P = .0071). The frequency of abnormal oocytes was decreased by refeeding of a vitamin B1–containing diet (13.9% vs 22.9%, P = .503). These results suggest that severe vitamin B1 deficiency inhibited meiotic maturation of oocytes but did not damage immature oocytes.

scholarly journals Hepatic & Renal Toxicity of Energy Drinks, a Serious Health Risk, Wistar Albino Rats Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Fahad I. Al-Saikhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
The Public ◽  
Energy Drink Consumption ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Individual

The recent years have seen a significant increase in the individual consumption of energy drinks across the globe. As a result, notable concerns continue to rise both among the public and among the scientific community, concerning the health effects that energy drinks pose to individuals. This study therefore examines the adverse effects of energy drinks on health, using ten normal albino rats as specimens. The specimen was then divided into two groups consisting of five rats each, with one group was given energy drinks while the control group was given normal drinking water days for a period of 21 days. The specimen was then sacrificed and their blood samples used for biochemical and histological studies. The study findings reveal that energy drink consumption significantly increased the serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), urea and creatinine levels when compared with the control group. In addition, the study demonstrates that energy drink consumption significantly decreased body weight and organ to body weight ratios when compared with the control group. The study further recognizes that the consumption of energy drink is associated with significant alterations in serum toxicity markers, bodyweight, organ body weight and histopathological changes. The study therefore recommends that need for public health education to educate individuals; especially youths about the risks of consuming highly caffeinated energy drinks. The study also recommends the need for further studies in order to minimize the harm excess and long-term consumption of energy drinks presented to the public. 

scholarly journals Body Weight and Platelet Count Changes in Zidovudine Administered Wistar Albino Rats Treated with Ethanolic Extracts of Annona muricata and Fagara zanthoxyloide

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ekere, Oghenekaro Uchechukwu ◽  
Ikpeama, Utomoibor Evelyn
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Zidovudine administration either in single or fixed-dose combination usually results in a decrease in body weight and in some cases thrombocytopenia. The present study investigated the body weight and platelet count changes observed in zidovudine pre-administered Wistar albino rats on treatment with ethanolic extracts of the leaves Annona muricata (AM) and roots of Fagara zanthoxyloide (FZ). Plants samples were collected from Alakahia community, Rivers state and Opoo community, Ogun state; while Wistar albino rats were grouped into normal control, negative control (receiving zidovudine at 100 g/ml/Kg bw), AM and FZ extract treatment (at 4.5 and 3.8 g/ml/Kg B.W respectively) groups with analysis performed bi-weekly. All tests were performed using standard procedures with all reagents of analytic grade. Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed significantly high amounts of alkaloids (10.47- 21.15 mg / 100 g), phenols (10.60-15.22 mg / 100 g) and tannins (14.23 - 50.19 mg / 100 g). The investigation into their proximate compositions also showed high fat (5.78 ± 0.02) in FZ, moisture (10.47 ± 0.05) in AM and fibre (7.37 ± 0.03) in FZ. The amino acid phenylalanine (5.10-6.01 g / 100 g), isoleucine (4.44-5.20 g / 100 g), lysine (4.03 -5.31 g / 100 g) was observed to be available in the extracts. In the normal control group body weight increased by 20.75 g at week 6 while administration of Zidovudine, resulted in a decreased in bodyweight by 1.14 g in week 2 and 3.32 g in week 6. Extract treatment caused a significant increase (p≤0.05) in body weight by 17.95g (AM) and 18.23g (FZ) at week 6. Platelet count was also observed to significantly decrease (p≤0.05) by 33.42% in the negative control group when compared to the normal control. This was observed to significant increases in extract treatment by 49.56% (AM) and 51.32% (FZ). The results thus suggest a possible beneficial effect of the extracts of AM and FZ in checkmating the weight and platelet loss observed as a side effect of zidovudine therapy as well as the possible use in haemorrhagic conditions to reduce bleeding without thromboembolism.

scholarly journals Effect of Amomum subulatum seeds against cypermethrin induced haematological changes in wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Goutham Sagarkatte Puttanna ◽  
Purushotham K. ◽  
Swarnalatha Nayak ◽  
Eesha B. Rao ◽  
Ravi Mundugaru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Cypermethrin is a well know agricultural pesticide used in the developing countries. It is associated with significant toxic potential on human health. Hence the present study was aimed to evaluate the protective role of Amomum subulatum against cypermethrin induced haematalogical changes in Wistar albino rats.Methods: The albino rats were divided into five different groups of six rats each. Group I considered as normal control, group II cypermethrin control (25mg/kg body weight p.o.), group III only test drug and group IV and V administered with cypermethrin 25mg/kg body weight along test drug 1.08 and 2.16mg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. At the end of 28th day blood was withdrawn and total haematalogical parameters were estimated.Results: In the cypermethrin control there was significant reduction in the WBC, Platelet, MCHC and considerable reduction in the haemoglobulin concentration in comparison to normal control. The test drug administered at both dose levels was significantly reversed the cypermethrin induced changes in haematalogical parameters.Conclusions: Authors can conclude that the Amomum subulatum has potency to reverse the cypermethrin induced haematalogical changes.

Relative utility of food rewards as a function of cyclic deprivation or body weight loss in albino rats.

1971 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Edward Renner ◽  
Richard W. Cravens ◽  
O. W. Wooley
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Relative Utility

scholarly journals The Effects of Subchronic Methionine Overload Administered Alone or Simultaneously with L-cysteine or N-acetyl-L-cysteine on Body Weight, Homocysteine Levels and Biochemical Parameters in the Blood of Male Wistar Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Zarko Micovic ◽  
Aleksandra Stamenkovic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Marija Stojanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Scepanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

AbstractHyperhomocysteinemia (HHC), both basal and after methionine load, may occur due to genetic disorders or deficiencies of nutrients that affect the remethylation or trans-sulphuration pathways during methionine metabolism. HHC is involved in the pathogenesis of many illnesses as a result of its prooxidative effect and its impairment of antioxidative protection. The aim was to examine the effects of subchronic methionine overload on the body weight and standard biochemical parameters in rat serum and to examine whether simultaneous subchronic intraperotoneal administration of methionine alone or together with L-cysteine or N-acetyl-cysteine resulted in a change in the body weight and biochemical parameters in the rat serum. The research was conducted during a three-week period (male Wistar albino rats, n=36, body weight of approximately 160 g, age of 15-20 days), and the animals were divided into a control group and three experimental groups of 8-10 animals each: a) control group (0.9% sodium chloride 0.1-0.2 ml/day); b) methionine (0.8 mmol/kg/bw/day) (MET group); c) methionine (0.8 mmol/kg/bw/day) + L-cysteine (7 mg/kg/bw/day) (L-cys+MET group); and d) methionine (0.8 mmol/kg/bw/day) + N-acetyl-L-cysteine (50 mg/kg/bw/day) (NAC+MET group). In addition to the body weight monitoring, the levels of total homocysteine and the standard biochemical parameters in blood samples (plasma or serum) were determined. The results indicated that monitoring the homocysteine levels and standard biochemical parameters in blood could be used for analysis and could provide an excellent guideline for distinguishing between toxic and non-toxic doses of methionine intake, which may be meaningful for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Novel α-MSH analog causes weight loss in obese rats and minipigs and improves insulin sensitivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 220 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keld Fosgerau ◽  
Kirsten Raun ◽  
Cecilia Nilsson ◽  
Kirsten Dahl ◽  
Birgitte S Wulff
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Peptide Agonist

Obesity is a major burden to people and to health care systems around the world. The aim of the study was to characterize the effect of a novel selective α-MSH analog on obesity and insulin sensitivity. The subchronic effects of the selective MC4-R peptide agonist MC4-NN1-0182 were investigated in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and DIO minipigs by assessing the effects on food intake, energy consumption, and body weight. The acute effect of MC4-NN1-0182 on insulin sensitivity was assessed by a euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp study in normal rats. Three weeks of treatment of DIO rats with MC4-NN1-0182 caused a decrease in food intake and a significant decrease in body weight 7±1%,P<0.05 compared with 3±1% increase with the vehicle control. In DIO minipigs, 8 weeks of treatment with MC4-NN1-0182 resulted in a body weight loss of 13.3±2.5 kg (13±3%), whereas the vehicle control group had gained 3.7±1.4 kg (4±1%). Finally, clamp studies in normal rats showed that acute treatment with MC4-NN1-0182 caused a significant increase in glucose disposal (Rd) compared with vehicle control (Rd, mg/kg per min, 17.0±0.7 vs 13.9±0.6,P<0.01). We demonstrate that treatment of DIO rats or minipigs with a selective MC4-R peptide agonist causes weight loss. Moreover, we have demonstrated weight-independent effects on insulin sensitivity. Our observations identify MC4 agonism as a viable target for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance.

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