scholarly journals Implementation of iceplant production under semi-controlled conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Idoia Garmendia López

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum is considered a drought and saline stress-tolerant plant with many biological activities that has been revalued as cool flavouring plant. The objective of this work was to assess optimum mode of cultivation of M. crystallinum to produce edible parts under greenhouse conditions. Therefore, three soilless media were evaluated: peat, vermiculite and hydroponic culture. Pot culture in peat did not result to be a good substrate for iceplant, with little biomass production. However, vermiculite and hydroponics allowed optimum growth of M. crystallinum, with a significantly greater yield in plants grown in vermiculite irrigated with nutrient solution. In fact, plants cultivated in vermiculite enhanced leaf area and leaf fresh weight, together with high foliar concentrations of N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, clorophylls and carotenoids. Furthermore, increased succulence and Na concentration of edible parts of glacier lettuce grown in vermiculite can offer more interesting taste, consistence and nutrient content for consumers. Higlights Hydroponic and vermiculite cultures led to optimum crystallinum growth. Peat pot culture did not seem to be an adequate substrate to cultivate crystallinum. Ice plants grown in vermiculite presented highest leaf fresh yield and high foliar N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations.

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
John L. Havlin ◽  
Robert Austin ◽  
David Hardy ◽  
Adam Howard ◽  
Josh L. Heitman

With limited research supporting local nutrient management decisions in North Carolina grape (Vitis vinifera) production, field studies (2015–17) were conducted to evaluate late season foliar nitrogen (N) application on leaf and petiole N concentration and yeast assimilable N (YAN) in the fruit. Foliar urea (1% v/v) was applied at different rates and application times beginning pre-and post-veraison. Compared to soil applied N, late season foliar N substantially enhanced petiole N and grape YAN. Smaller split N applications were generally more effective in increasing YAN than single larger N rates. These data demonstrate the value of assessing plant N content at full bloom with petiole N analysis or remote sensing to guide foliar N management decisions. Additional field studies (2008–11) were conducted to evaluate pre-bud soil applied phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) effects on petiole P and K nutrient status. Fertilizer P and K were initially broadcast applied (0–896 kg P2O5 ha−1; 0–672 kg K2O ha−1) prior to bud-break in 2008–09 and petiole P and K at full bloom soil test P and K were monitored for three to four years after application. Soil test and petiole P and K were significantly increased with increasing P and K rates, which subsequently declined to near unfertilized levels over the sampling time depending on site and P and K rate applied. These data demonstrate the value of annually monitoring petiole P and K levels to accurately assess plant P and K status to better inform nutrient management decisions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Merve Keskin ◽  
Aslı Özkök

Bee pollen is used as a food supplement by humans as it is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Bee pollen has many biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor and antioxidant. Fresh bee pollen is not suitable for long-term storage because of its moisture content. In order to protect the nutrient content and freshness, the bee pollen can be dried by using different drying techniques. In this study, the biochemical characterization of the bee pollen samples dried by different techniques and drying effects on the biochemical properties of bee pollen were determined. Moisture, total lipid and protein, pH and total phenolic content of pollen samples were determined. The results ranged 6.23–20.62%, 4.98–5.57%, 16.812–1.477%, 4.08–4.33 and 15.2–22.73 mg GAE g<sup>–1</sup>, respectively. All samples are rich in squalene and methyl octadecanoate. It is clear that bee pollen bioactive components will be less damaged by using drying methods performed under more moderate conditions like lyophilization than when the traditional method is used.


1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
A. Steven Messenger

Soil pH values around chlorotic pin oaks and green pin oaks were significantly different to a depth of 55 cm. Throughout that depth, average values around green trees were 6.1–6.8; those around chlorotic trees averaged 7.2–7.4 and were within a total range of 6.7–7.9. Mean foliar concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Zn were each significantly lower in chlorotic tree foliage for at least 1 of the 3 seasonal sampling periods. Mean concentrations of P, K, and Mg were each significantly higher in chlorotic tree foliage for at least 1 of the 3 sampling periods. Eighty-six percent of all chlorotic tree samples (159) could be distinguished from all green tree samples (124) either by lower micronutrient concentrations or higher macronutrient/micronutrient ratios. As treated trees progressed from a chlorotic to a totally green condition, each underwent reductions in foliar N and P concentrations. Green trees fertilized with ammonium phosphate had significantly lower concentrations of Fe, Cu, and K + Ca + Mg concurrent with significantly higher concentrations of N and P when compared to the controls. It is concluded that chlorotic pin oaks should not be deemed as simply iron-deficient and that indiscriminant fertilization of pin oaks or the lawns around them with NPK fertilizers may be deleterious.


Irriga ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-419
Author(s):  
Jefferson Bittencourt Venâncio ◽  
Wellinton Farias Araújo ◽  
Edvan Alves Chagas ◽  
Rafael Souza Melo

TEORES E EXTRAÇÃO DE MACRONUTRIENTES PELAS FOLHAS DO ABACAXIZEIRO ‘VITÓRIA’ SOB ADUBAÇÃO POTÁSSICA E LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO*  JEFFERSON BITTENCOURT VENÂCIO1; WELLINTON FARIAS ARAÚJO2; EDVAN ALVEZ CHAGAS3 E RAFAEL SOUZA MELO4  [1]Mestre em Agronomia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia (POSAGRO), Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Centro de Ciências Agrárias (UFRR/CCA), Rodovia BR 174, km 12, Monte Cristo, Boa Vista – RR, Campus Cauamé, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected];2Professor Dr. Associado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia (POSAGRO), Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Centro de Ciências Agrárias (UFRR/CCA), Rodovia BR 174, km 12, Monte Cristo, Boa Vista – RR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected];3Pesquisador, Departamento de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Embrapa Roraima, Rodovia BR 174, km 8, Distrito Industrial, Boa Vista – RR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] Agropecuário, Departamento de Defesa Vegetal, Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Roraima (ADERR), Rua Coronel Mota, 1.142, Centro, Boa Vista – RR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected].*Extraído da dissertação de mestrado do primeiro autor  1      RESUMO As condições de cultivo podem afetar o estado nutricional e a extração de nutrientes pelas plantas. Assim, um experimento de campo foi realizado nas condições edafoclimáticas da savana de Roraima, objetivando avaliar o efeito de doses de K2O e lâminas de irrigação sobre o estado nutricional e a extração de macronutrientes pelas folhas do abacaxizeiro ‘Vitória’, em diferentes idades fisiológicas da planta. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos inteiramente casualizados em arranjo de parcelas sub-subdivididas. As parcelas foram compostas pelas doses de potássio – K2O - 0, 10, 20 e 30 g planta-1, as subparcelas foram compostas pelas lâminas de irrigação em “line source” - 134,9; 267,5; 446,8; 558,3; e 655,2 mm, e as sub-subparcelas pelas épocas de amostragem - 120, 195, 270 e 345 dias após o plantio (DAP). O estado nutricional dos abacaxizeiros foi avaliado quanto aos teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e as relações K:N, K:Ca e K:Mg nas folhas. Os teores foliares de K e P não sofreram alterações com as doses de K2O, mas foram afetados significativamente pelo menor regime hídrico (134,9 mm), principalmente nas épocas de maior déficit hídrico. Os teores foliares de N responderam positivamente ao incremento do K2O no solo, aos 120 DAP, e decresceram a partir de 270 DAP. A irrigação em nível mais elevado (655,2 mm) reduziu os teores foliares de N. Aos 345 DAP, os teores foliares de Ca e Mg reduziram significativamente com o aumento das doses de K2O, e apresentaram resposta diferencial aos níveis de irrigação adotados. A relação K:N no tecido foliar não foi afetada pela adubação, mas as relações K:Ca e K:Mg aumentaram significativamente. As lâminas de irrigação influenciaram essas relações de forma diferenciada sendo dependentes da época de amostragem. A ordem de extração de nutrientes nas folhas foi K>N>Ca>Mg>P e, aos 345 DAP, sendo 141,09 kg ha-1 de K (169,95 kg ha-1 de K2O); 76,97 kg ha-1 de N; 42,58 kg ha-1 de Ca; 25,70 kg ha-1 de Mg; e 9,48 kg ha-1 de P (21,72 kg ha-1 de P2O5). A relação de extração N:P:K:Ca:Mg foi de 1,00:0,12:1,83:0,55:0,33. Nas condições de savana de Roraima, considerando a produção de massa seca foliar (MSF), recomenda-se a dose de 16 g planta-1 de K2O e elevar a umidade do solo à capacidade de campo, quando a tensão de água no solo atingir a faixa de 25 a 50 kPa. Palavras-chave: Ananas comosus var. comosus, nutrição mineral, savana, Amazônia.  VENÂCIO, J.B; ARAÚJO, W.F.; CHAGAS, E.A.; MELO, R.S.LEVELS AND UPTAKE OF MACRONUTRIENT BY 'VITORIA' PINEAPPLE LEAVES UNDER POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION AND IRRIGATION 2      ABSTRACT The field experiment was conducted at conditions of the savanna of Roraima to evaluate the effect of potassium and irrigation levels on nutritional status and macronutrient uptake by leaves of pineapple 'Vitoria' in different physiological ages of the plant. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with split-split plot arrangement. The plots were composed by potassium – K2O - (0, 10, 20 and 30 g plant- 1), the subplots were composed by irrigation in "line source" - 134.9; 267.5; 446.8; 558.3; and 655.2 mm , and sub - subplots , the sampling times - 120, 195, 270 and 345 days after planting (DAP). The nutritional status of pineapple was evaluated for macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and K:N ratio, K:Ca and K:Mg) in the leaves. The foliar concentrations of K and P were not altered by doses of potassium, but were significantly less affected by water regime (134.9 mm), especially in times of increased water deficit. The foliar N content responded positively to increase of potassium at 120 DAP and decreased from 270 DAP. The irrigation in its highest level (655.2 mm) reduced foliar N. At 345 DAP, the foliar Ca and Mg were significantly decreased with increasing doses of potassium and showed differential response to irrigation levels. The K:N ratio in leaf tissue was not affected by fertilization, but the relations K:Ca and K:Mg were significantly increased. Water depth influenced these relationships differently by the time of sampling. The order of extraction of nutrients in the leaves was K > N > Ca > Mg > P at 345 DAP , with 141.09 kg ha - 1 of K (169.95 kg ha-1 K2O); 76.97 kg ha-1 of N; 42.58 kg ha- 1 of Ca; 25.70 kg ha-1 of Mg; and 9.48 kg ha-1 of P (21.72 kg ha-1 P2O5). The extraction ratio was N:P:K:Ca:Mg 1.00:0.12:1.83:0.55:0.33, respectively. Keywords: Ananas comosus var. comosus; mineral nutrition; savanna; Amazônia.


HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1147F-1147
Author(s):  
G.A. Cahoon ◽  
D.M. Scurlock ◽  
J. D. Lehman

Factorial treatments of vine spacing, shoot density and foliar applications of KNO3 were imposed on 9-year-old Seyval grapevines during 1989. Rows were spaced 3.05 m apart; vines within the row were spaced 1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 m apart and trained to a bilateral cordon. Shoots were thinned to 10, 20 or 30/m of canopy. A solution containing 6 kg of KNO3/379 liters of water was applied as a foliar spray at 2-week intervals between June 1 and August 1, 1989 (5 applications). Each shoot was thinned to one cluster prior to full bloom. Vines spaced at 1.2, 1.8 and 2.4 m produced an average of 4.2, 5.9 and 7.3 kg/vine, respectively (11.3, 10.6 and 9.8 MT/ha). Cluster weight averaged .22 kg; fruit maturity averaged 19.7°Brix for all treatments. Applications of KNO3 increased foliar N, K, Fe, B, Cu and Na, but decreased P, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn. As vine spacing increased the concentration of foliar N, P, K decreased. As shoot density increased N, P, K, B, and Cu decreased, while Ca, Mg, Mn and Na increased. The experiment will be repeated in 1990.


HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143d-1143
Author(s):  
Lorna C. Wilkins ◽  
William R. Graves

Development of half-sib Gleditsia triacanthos inermis Willd. (honey locust) seedlings was studied during exposure to osmotic and high root temperature stress. Seven days after seed scarification, seedlings of uniform fresh weight were transferred to static hydroponic culture vessels in a growth chamber. Three days later, vessel solutions were replaced with polyethylene glycol 8000-amended solutions with osmotic potentials (ψπ) of -0.05, -0.10, or -0.20 MPa at 23C. Within each ψπ treatment, root temperature was increased from ambient (23C) to 35C for 0, 6, 12, or 24 hr day-1 for 20 days. Root and shoot dry weights decreased with increasing exposure to 35C among seedlings in the -0.05 MPa solution and decreased for seedlings in -0.10 and -0.20 MPa solutions in all temperature regimes. Epicotyl expansion tended to decrease with decreasing ψπ and increasing exposure to 35C. However, for plants in the -0.20 MPa solution, epicotyl length was greatest when roots were exposed to 35C for 6 hr day-1.


2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 151b
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
Layne K. Snelling ◽  
C. Ray Campbell ◽  
D.K. Roten ◽  
Jeff Hartzog

Abstract. Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. Christmas trees were fertilized for 5 years with four levels of N (0, 56, 113, or 170 kg·ha-1 per year) in spring, fall, or equally split between spring and fall. Nitrogen did not affect leader length, number of leaders, or bud frequency on the upper (distal) portion of the leader. Nitrogen increased bud frequency on the lower (proximal) 20 cm of the leader in only 1 of 3 years of measurement. All application schedules increased the number of apical buds on branches, whereas the number of lateral buds was increased only by spring applications. Nitrogen increased tree fresh weight and retail value as well as weight, length, and surface area of needles. Foliar N concentrations in the fall varied with fertilization schedule, and were higher in November than in October.


HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 632e-632
Author(s):  
Jack A. Hartwigsen ◽  
Michael R. Evans

Seed of Cucumis sativus and Pelargonium ×hortorum were imbibed for 24 hours in solutions containing 0 (deionized water), 2500, 5000, 10,000, and 20,000 ppm humic acid. Additional treatments included seed which were imbibed in nutrient solutions corresponding to the nutrient content of each humic acid solution as well as an untreated dry control. Percent germination was reduced for geranium seed imbibed in 20,000 ppm humic acid and for cucumber seed imbibed in either 20,000 ppm humic acid or the corresponding nutrient control. Root fresh weights for untreated and water imbibed geranium seed were 0.05 g. Humic acid treatment increased root fresh weights to a maximum of 0.14 g at 5000 and 10,000 ppm. Shoot fresh weights for geranium were 0.12 and 0.10 g for untreated and water imbibed seed, respectively. Humic acid treatment increased shoot fresh weight to a maximum of 0.18 at 2500 ppm. Root fresh weights for cucumber were 0.16 and 0.18 g for untreated and water imbibed seeds, respectively. Humic acid treatment increased root fresh weight to a maximum of 0.33 g at 10,000 ppm. Shoot fresh weights for cucumber were 0.31 and 0.38 g for untreated and water imbibed seed, respectively. Humic acid treatment increased shoot fresh weight to a maximum of 0.43 at 10,000 ppm.


Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2586
Author(s):  
Maha Ezziddine ◽  
Helge Liltved

In this study, the yield and growth performance of lettuce in an open-air rooftop hydroponic system were investigated. Lettuce was grown in a closed recirculating nutrient film technique (NFT) unit using a standard nutrient solution (NS). Yield, fresh weight, and nutrient content in the leaf tissue of the harvested lettuce were measured. The results were compared with the results obtained in indoor hydroponic lettuce growth with artificial lightning. Despite strong winds during the growth period, 25% of the total lettuce heads weighed twice the marketable weight; however, 25% of the total lettuce heads were below the marketable weight. A more efficient nutrient uptake was indicated by the lettuces in the rooftop system compared with the uptake in the indoor system. Foliar analysis revealed a higher content of all nutrients in the leaves of rooftop hydroponic lettuce compared with indoor hydroponic lettuce. This study suggests that hydroponic rooftop-grown lettuce can be competitive with their indoor counterparts if the rooftop hydroponic system is protected from extreme weather conditions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
MN Mondol ◽  
KA Hussain ◽  
MR Zubaer ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
AS Chamon

Pot experiments were conducted at the department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka to evaluate the effect of used tea leaves and poultry litter in ameliorating lead uptake and to alleviate toxicity of lead in Red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.). The length, fresh weight and dry weight of shoot was decreased significantly by 34.83, 34.69 and 36.48%, respectively, in 200 mg kg-1 Pb treated pots compared to the control. The similar significant decreasing trend in case of macro nutrient concentration in shoot and root samples were also observed. %N, P, K, S, Mg and Ca concentration in edible parts (shoots) decreased by 66.3, 5.27, 52.17, 30.32, 61.54 and 62.87% in 200 mg kg1 lead (Pb) treated pots compared to the control. On the other hand Pb concentration in shoot and root was the highest at 200 mg kg-1Pb treated pots (55 and 189 mg kg-1 pot-1) and the lowest was in the control treatment (0.45 and 20 mg kg-1 pot-1). Biomass production were positively influenced by the application of organic amendments as well as lead uptake was significantly ameliorated into Red amaranth shoot and root due to application of used tea leaves and poultry litter which reduced soil to plant transfer (TrF) of Pb by 47.39, 56.34 and 16.67, 22.22% in shoots and roots of red amaranth, respectively, compared to the untreated pots. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(2), 177-186, 2019


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