scholarly journals P2P Payment using Blockchain Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Savinay Mengi ◽  
Astha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Control ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
P2p Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
P2p Networks ◽  
Transaction Data ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Single User ◽  
Human Problem

A Blockchain protocol operates on top of the Internet, on a P2P network of computers that all run the protocol and hold an identical copy of the ledger of transactions, enabling P2P value transactions without a middleman though machine consensus. The concept of Blockchain first came to fame in October 2008, as part of a proposal for Bitcoin, with the aim to create P2P money without banks. Bitcoin introduced a novel solution to the age-old human problem of trust. The underlying blockchain technology allows us to trust the outputs of the system without trusting any actor within it. People and institutions who do not know or trust each other, reside in different countries, are subject to different jurisdictions, and who have no legally binding agreements with each other, can now interact over the Internet without the need for trusted third parties like banks, Internet platforms, or other types of clearing institutions. Ideas around cryptographically secured P2P networks have been discussed in the academic environment in different evolutionary stages, mostly in theoretical papers, since the 1980s. “Proof-of-Work” is the consensus mechanism that enables distributed control over the ledger. It is based on a combination of economic incentives and cryptography. Blockchain is a shared, trusted, public ledger of transactions, that everyone can inspect but which no single user controls. It is a distributed database that maintains a continuously growing list of transaction data records, cryptographically secured from tampering and revision.

OBIRE

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-73
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Liu ◽  
Maozhen Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Man Qi
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
P2p Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Bibliographic Record ◽  
P2p Networks ◽  
Bibliographic Information ◽  
User Query ◽  
Bibliographic Records

It has been widely recognized that bibliographic information plays an increasingly important role for scientific research. Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks provide an effective environment for people belonging to a community to share various resources on the Internet. This paper presents OBIRE, an ontology based P2P network for bibliographic information retrieval. For a user query, OBIRE computes the degree of matches to indicate the similarity of a published record to the query. When searching for information, users can incorporate their domain knowledge into their queries which guides OBIRE to discover the bibliographic records that are of most interest of users. In addition, fuzzy logic based user recommendations are used to compute the trustiness of a set of keywords used by a bibliographic record which assists users in selecting bibliographic records. OBIRE is evaluated from the aspects of precision and recall, and experimental results show the effectiveness of OBIRE in bibliographic information retrieval.

scholarly journals Blockchain Technology: Application in the Financial Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Jimmy M. Kapadia
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Database ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
The Creation

Cryptocurrencies and their underlying blockchain technology are being out as the next big thing after the creation of the internet. The Blockchain is an encrypted, distributed database that records data, or in other words, it is a digital ledger of any transactions, contracts - that needs to be independently recorded. Blockchain has been initially launched as an approach to payment transactions based on cryptography to provide an alternative mechanism for the trust between two transacting parties. Blockchain technology has sparked a lively debate among researchers. This article tried to study the applications of blockchain technology in the financial industry.

Utilizing Blockchain Technology in Social Media Bot Identification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Reddy ◽  
Lisa Ewen ◽  
Pankti Patel ◽  
Prerak Patel ◽  
Ankit Kundal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Machine Learning Models

<p>As bots become more prevalent and smarter in the modern age of the internet, it becomes ever more important that they be identified and removed. Recent research has dictated that machine learning methods are accurate and the gold standard of bot identification on social media. Unfortunately, machine learning models do not come without their negative aspects such as lengthy training times, difficult feature selection, and overwhelming pre-processing tasks. To overcome these difficulties, we are proposing a blockchain framework for bot identification. At the current time, it is unknown how this method will perform, but it serves to prove the existence of an overwhelming gap of research under this area.<i></i></p>

Tendencies of development of modern innovative technologies and the digital economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
S. M. Doguchaeva
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The era of digital transformation provides the opportunity for leading companies to change priorities - to begin to take care of the support environment using innovative technologies and become a leading creative platform open for innovation. The successful development of the digital world, the blockchain technology, the Internet of things – the mechanism which will change the financial world. 

scholarly journals Third Party Certification of Agri-Food Supply Chain Using Smart Contracts and Blockchain Tokens

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5307
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges dos Santos ◽  
Nunzio Marco Torrisi ◽  
Rodrigo Palucci Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Public ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Every consumer’s buying decision at the supermarket influences food brands to make first party claims of sustainability and socially responsible farming methods on their agro-product labels. Fine wines are often subject to counterfeit along the supply chain to the consumer. This paper presents a method for efficient unrestricted publicity to third party certification (TPC) of plant agricultural products, starting at harvest, using smart contracts and blockchain tokens. The method is capable of providing economic incentives to the actors along the supply chain. A proof-of-concept using a modified Ethereum IGR token set of smart contracts using the ERC-1155 standard NFTs was deployed on the Rinkeby test net and evaluated. The main findings include (a) allowing immediate access to TPC by the public for any desired authority by using token smart contracts. (b) Food safety can be enhanced through TPC visible to consumers through mobile application and blockchain technology, thus reducing counterfeiting and green washing. (c) The framework is structured and maintained because participants obtain economical incentives thus leveraging it´s practical usage. In summary, this implementation of TPC broadcasting through tokens can improve transparency and sustainable conscientious consumer behaviour, thus enabling a more trustworthy supply chain transparency.

scholarly journals ESR white paper: blockchain and medical imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elmar Kotter ◽  
Luis Marti-Bonmati ◽  
Adrian P. Brady ◽  
Nandita M. Desouza
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Basic Technology

AbstractBlockchain can be thought of as a distributed database allowing tracing of the origin of data, and who has manipulated a given data set in the past. Medical applications of blockchain technology are emerging. Blockchain has many potential applications in medical imaging, typically making use of the tracking of radiological or clinical data. Clinical applications of blockchain technology include the documentation of the contribution of different “authors” including AI algorithms to multipart reports, the documentation of the use of AI algorithms towards the diagnosis, the possibility to enhance the accessibility of relevant information in electronic medical records, and a better control of users over their personal health records. Applications of blockchain in research include a better traceability of image data within clinical trials, a better traceability of the contributions of image and annotation data for the training of AI algorithms, thus enhancing privacy and fairness, and potentially make imaging data for AI available in larger quantities. Blockchain also allows for dynamic consenting and has the potential to empower patients and giving them a better control who has accessed their health data. There are also many potential applications of blockchain technology for administrative purposes, like keeping track of learning achievements or the surveillance of medical devices. This article gives a brief introduction in the basic technology and terminology of blockchain technology and concentrates on the potential applications of blockchain in medical imaging.

scholarly journals Detection of DDOS attacks in distributed peer to peer networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 1051
Author(s):  
Gera Jaideep ◽  
Bhanu Prakash Battula
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
P2p Network ◽  
Ddos Attacks ◽  
P2p Networks ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Peer To Peer Networks ◽  
Direct Attack

Peer to Peer (P2P) network in the real world is a class of systems that are made up of thousands of nodes in distributed environments. The nodes are decentralized in nature. P2P networks are widely used for sharing resources and information with ease. Gnutella is one of the well known examples for such network. Since these networks spread across the globe with large scale deployment of nodes, adversaries use them as a vehicle to launch DDoS attacks. P2P networks are exploited to make attacks over hosts that provide critical services to large number of clients across the globe. As the attacker does not make a direct attack it is hard to detect such attacks and considered to be high risk threat to Internet based applications. Many techniques came into existence to defeat such attacks. Still, it is an open problem to be addressed as the flooding-based DDoS is difficult to handle as huge number of nodes are compromised to make attack and source address spoofing is employed. In this paper, we proposed a framework to identify and secure P2P communications from a DDoS attacks in distributed environment. Time-to-Live value and distance between source and victim are considered in the proposed framework. A special agent is used to handle information about nodes, their capacity, and bandwidth for efficient trace back. A Simulation study has been made using NS2 and the experimental results reveal the significance of the proposed framework in defending P2P network and target hosts from high risk DDoS attacks.  

scholarly journals BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AS AN ANTI-CORRUPTION MANAGEMENT TOOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (167) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
S. Burlutska ◽  
O. Chabanenko
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Identity Verification ◽  
Transaction Data ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Money Transfers

The world has not yet come up with a single recipe for fighting corruption. But thanks to constant progress, anti-corruption strategies are replenished with effective innovation mechanisms. The global experience of using blockchain opens up new prospects for eliminating corruption in the world. Blockchain is an opportunity not only to modernize outdated functional systems, but also to apply new, more effective means of combating corruption and cybercrime. One of the main advantages of the blockchain is that all network participants have a register of transaction data. Therefore, if someone decides to hide, delete or change their recalculations in the accounting book, then copies of these transactions still remain in tens of thousands of other users and the system immediately accesses them. Therefore, a few minutes will be enough to solve the issues of detecting a crime. Today, it is worth highlighting 3 types of widespread use of blockchain technology in the fight against corruption: identity verification, asset registration and tracking of monetary transactions. For example, you can check the purpose of money transfers in real time, see salary payments, and compare prices among suppliers. Like any type of crime, corruption in human society cannot be completely excluded. However, decentralized platforms functioning on blockchain technology, already today, firstly, can directly bring together the customer and the executor, and secondly, all the conditions agreed upon by the participants can then be easily verified (thus, it will be impossible to imperceptibly inflate the price when using blockchain). Blockchain technology is in demand because it creates an unprecedented degree of trust in information in relationships between individuals and public organizations, or between the state, people and private institutions.

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