scholarly journals An Efficient Data Transmission in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Momentum Search Algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
Dr. M. Sudha ◽  
Mr. Ravisankar Kandasamy ◽  
Mr.Sudarsun Prassana R ◽  
Mr. Sureshraj S
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cognitive Radios ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Channel Selection ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The Law

Data Transmission plays an important role in the digital world. In here, We are using Cognitive Radio(CR) a concept on Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) which is being used as an intelligent wireless Communication Technology having unique Capabilities of monitoring spectrum bands and detecting available channels to enable the usage of statically allocated spectrum Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting its operating parameters, it can utilize available channels and to attack the upcoming spectrum crunch issue. Cognitive Radios can be used to find unused licensed spectrum and it can be utilized by secondary users without causing any interference to licensed users. Existing technologies used in cognitive radio include energy sensing, spectrum databases, and spectrum sensing using pilot channels. In small networks, transmission of small packet size can be transmitted with high efficiency without delay, whereas transmission of large data packets can cause data corruption, data packet corruption and may require retransmission over higher frequency channels. To avoid this type of interference, users need higher efficiency and wider bandwidth for efficient transmission. Here we use the technique of momentum search algorithms working on the law of conservation of momentum and the law of conservation of kinetic energy. Data transferred using this method is always unaltered. The transmitted data is split into fixed-size 64-bit packets. And the channel selection will be changed accordingly for higher channel selection efficiency for lossless data transmission. The rules of the Momentum Search algorithm allow users to transmit larger data packets with higher efficiency with the same level of interference as the primary user (PU). This proposal shows how to achieve the highest level of data transmission performance using a cognitive wireless network based on a Momentum search algorithm.

scholarly journals Fast and Reliable Burst Data Transmission for Backscatter Communications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumin Zhao ◽  
Xiaojuan Liu ◽  
Dengao Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Frame Length ◽  
Channel Conditions ◽  
Burst Data ◽  
Frequency Identification

Computational radio frequency identification (CRFID) sensors are able to transfer potentially large amounts of data to the reader in the radio frequency range. However, the existing EPC C1G2 protocol is inefficient when there are abundant critical and emergency data to be transmitted and cannot adapt to changing energy-harvesting and channel conditions. In this paper, we propose a fast and reliable method for burst data transmission by fragmenting large data packets into blocks and we introduce a burst transmission mechanism to optimize the EPC C1G2 communication procedure for burst transmission when there are critical and emergency data to be transmitted. In addition, we utilize erasure codes to reduce Acknowledgement (ACK) delay and to improve system reliability. Our results show that our proposed scheme significantly outperforms the current fixed frame length approach and the dynamic frame length and charging time adaptation scheme (DFCA) and that the goodput is close to the theoretically optimal value under different energy-harvesting and channel conditions.

scholarly journals Channel Selection Algorithm Optimized for Improved Performance in Cognitive Radio Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tlouyamma ◽  
Mthulisi Velempini
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Channel Allocation ◽  
Cognitive Radios ◽  
Channel Selection ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Improved Performance

AbstractA major concern in the recent past was the traditional static spectrum allocation which gave rise to spectrum underutilization and scarcity in wireless networks. In an attempt to solve this challenge, cognitive radios technology was proposed. It allows a spectrum to be accessed dynamically by Cognitive radio users or secondary users (SU). Dynamic access can efficiently be achieved by making necessary adjustment to some Medium access control (MAC) layer functionalities such as sensing and channel allocation. MAC protocols play a central role in scheduling sensing periods and channel allocation which ensure that the interference is reduced to a tolerable level. In order to improve the accuracy of sensing algorithm, necessary adjustments should be made at MAC layer. Sensing delays and errors are major challenges in the design of a more accurate spectrum sensing algorithm. This study focuses on designing a channel selection algorithm to efficiently utilize the spectrum. Channels are ordered and grouped to allow faster discovery of channel access opportunities. The ordering is based on descending order of channel’s idling probabilities. Grouping of channels ensured that channels are sensed simultaneously. These two techniques greatly reduce delays and maximized throughput of SU. Hence, Extended Generalized Predictive Channel Selection Algorithm, a proposed scheme has significantly performed better than its counterpart (Generalized Predictive Channel Selection Algorithm). Matlab simulation tool was used to simulate and plot the results of the proposed channel selection algorithm.

scholarly journals PACKET OPTIMIZATION IN ADAPTIVE COGNITIVE RADIO SENSOR NETWORKS USING OFDM

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Ravishankar Kandasamy, Dr. M. Sudha, P. Durga, R. Devishree, R. Abinaya
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Cognitive Radios ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Main Technique ◽  
The Right ◽  
Idle Channel

            With the rapid development of digital communication, the demand for spectral resources is increasing and the building of cognitive radios is the right solution for that. Cognitive radio networks are designed to utilize the licensed spectrum when it is not used by the primary licensed users. We are going to propose a method for effective data transmission and streaming in cognitive radio networks. By that we can achieve energy efficiency, less power consumption and much more transmitted information. In this paper, we are going to employ the OFDM method of spectrum sensing and proposed to use Cognitive Radio MAC protocol. Further our main technique is to divide the data packets into different sizes for transmission. The simulation results reveal that there is a better improvement in the detection of idle channel in the cognitive radio network and the delay is reduced with high quality transmission.

An Energy Efficient Routing Approach to Enhance Coverage for Application Specific Wireless Sensor Networks using Genetic Algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur Sohal ◽  
Ajay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Neetu Sood
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Green Computing ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

Background: An information gathering is a typical and important task in agriculture monitoring and military surveillance. In these applications, minimization of energy consumption and maximization of network lifetime have prime importance for green computing. As wireless sensor networks comprise of a large number of sensors with limited battery power and deployed at remote geographical locations for monitoring physical events, therefore it is imperative to have minimum consumption of energy during network coverage. The WSNs help in accurate monitoring of remote environment by collecting data intelligently from the individual sensors. Objective: The paper is motivated from green computing aspect of wireless sensor network and an Energy-efficient Weight-based Coverage Enhancing protocol using Genetic Algorithm (WCEGA) is presented. The WCEGA is designed to achieve continuously monitoring of remote areas for a longer time with least power consumption. Method: The cluster-based algorithm consists two phases: cluster formation and data transmission. In cluster formation, selection of cluster heads and cluster members areas based on energy and coverage efficient parameters. The governing parameters are residual energy, overlapping degree, node density and neighbor’s degree. The data transmission between CHs and sink is based on well-known evolution search algorithm i.e. Genetic Algorithm. Conclusion: The results of WCEGA are compared with other established protocols and shows significant improvement of full coverage and lifetime approximately 40% and 45% respectively.

Top-down Fabricated Gold Nanostrip on Silicon-on-insulator Wafer: A Promising Building Block towards Ultra-compact Optical Device

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuping Zhang ◽  
Weikang Liu ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Guan ◽  
Hongxing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Communication ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Building Block ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Controllable Fabrication

he plasmonic waveguide is the fundamental building block for high speed, large data transmission capacity, low energy consumption optical communication and sensing. Controllable fabrication and simultaneously optimization of the propagation...

scholarly journals High-Efficiency Polarizer Reflectarray Antennas for Data Transmission Links from a CubeSat

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Eduardo Martinez-de-Rioja ◽  
Daniel Martinez-de-Rioja ◽  
Rafael López-Sáez ◽  
Ignacio Linares ◽  
Jose A. Encinar
Keyword(s):  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Flat Profile ◽  
First Time ◽  
Collimated Beam

This paper presents two designs of high-efficiency polarizer reflectarray antennas able to generate a collimated beam in dual-circular polarization using a linearly polarized feed, with application to high-gain antennas for data transmission links from a Cubesat. First, an 18 cm × 18 cm polarizer reflectarray operating in the 17.2–22.7 GHz band has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The measurements of the prototype show an aperture efficiency of 52.7% for right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) and 57.3% for left-handed circular polarization (LHCP), both values higher than those previously reported in related works. Then, a dual-band polarizer reflectarray is presented for the first time, which operates in dual-CP in the frequency bands of 20 GHz and 30 GHz. The proposed antenna technology enables a reduction of the complexity and cost of the feed chain to operate in dual-CP, as a linear-to-circular polarizer is no longer required. This property, combined with the lightweight, flat profile and low fabrication cost of printed reflectarrays, makes the proposed antennas good candidates for Cubesat applications.

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