scholarly journals Cause of Neonatal Sepsis: Transplacental vs Environmental

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Swati Shiradkar ◽  
Gauri N Bapat ◽  
Manjushree H Bhalchandra ◽  
Shubhangi Mande ◽  
Mangala Bansal
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Transplacental Transmission ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Nasal Carrier ◽  
Medical College

ABSTRACT Objectives To study the role of transplacental transmission and environmental factors in neonatal sepsis (0-3) days and incidence of early neonatal sepsis in obstetrics and gynecology wards of MGM Medical College Hospital. Materials and methods The study was carried out on 100 full term women and their babies who delivered in MGM hospital. Their cord blood cultures were done. The nasal carrier state for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in all the health professionals working in labor room was also studied. Results S. aureus was the most common organism grown in cord cultures of woman who delivered vaginally. None of the babies followed in wards showed any Sign of sepsis in first 72 hours. More than 50% of health professionals working in labor room were carriers of S. aureus. Conclusion S. aureus is having environmental source and it causes late neonatal sepsis so none of the babies developed any Sign of sepsis in first 72 hours of life. Other organisms isolated probably responded to intrapartum antibiotics or maternal immunity played its role and so babies did not showed any s/o sepsis in first 3 days. How to cite this article Bapat GN, Shiradkar S, Bhalchandra MH, Mande S, Bansal M. Cause of Neonatal Sepsis: Transplacental vs Environmental. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(3):132-134.

scholarly journals Evaluation of role of laparoscopy in determining etiology of infertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5322
Author(s):  
Hema K. R. ◽  
Lalitha H. S.
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Laparoscopy ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Peritoneal Disease ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
Morphological Defects ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Infertility Patients

Background: Although population explosion is a major problem in India, infertility appears to be a problem in 5-15% of Indian population. All these patients require evaluation. Laparoscopy plays a valuable role in the diagnosis of infertility. After thorough clinical examination and specific investigations, diagnostic laparoscopy is performed to detect patency of tubes, morphological defects in uterus, ovaries and tuboperitoineal factors. This study was conducted to assess the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in the investigation of female infertility and to evaluate the various causes of infertility like endometriosis, PCOD tubal and peritoneal factors, uterine anomalies, tuberculosis etc. by using diagnostic laparoscopy.Methods: Study was carried out in 60 infertile patients attending outpatient department of hospitals attached to Sri Siddhartha Medical College Hospital, Tumkur.  Both primary and secondary infertility patients who were anxious to conceive and undergo diagnostic laparoscopy were evaluated. Those who were not willing and who were contraindicated for the procedure were excluded.Results: Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in 72% of primary and 28% of secondary infertility patients. Majority of the patients of primary infertility were in age group 21-25 years and that of secondary were between 26-30 years. Majority of patients in both the groups had duration of 1-5 year of infertility. In our study tubal factors (50%) contributed to majority of the infertility causes. Complication rate was minimum and was comparable to other standard studies.Conclusions: Laparoscopic is the gold standard for diagnosing tubal and peritoneal disease, endometriosis and other pelvic pathology, because no other imaging technique gives the same degree of sensitivity or specificity. Hence diagnostic laparoscopy is an indispensable tool in the evaluation in the evaluation infertility.

scholarly journals Role of Maternal Smokeless Tobacco Ingestion During Pregnancy in Delivery of Preterm Babies

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Farzana Rahman Munmun ◽  
Md Ekhlasur Rahman ◽  
Ahmed Ferdous Jahangir ◽  
Md Shamsul Arefin Patwary ◽  
Abu Sayeed Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background:Smokeless tobacco is an established cause of adverse pregnancy outcome. Preterm deliveries are quite high(14%) in our country and approximately 39% women in Bangladesh use smokeless tobacco (ST).Objective: To determine the outcome of maternal smokeless tobacco ingestion during pregnancy in delivery of preterm babies.Methods: A retrospective case control study was carried out in the department of Pediatrics & department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Dhaka Medical College Hospital between July 2010 to June 2011. Immediately after admission, detailed history of the newborn baby & mother was taken. A total of 100 cases (preterm babies) and 100 suitably matched controls (sick term neonates) were enrolled. Every case satisfying the selection criteria (inclusion & exclusion criteria) was enrolled in the study. The mother was asked whether she used to use smokeless tobacco (jorda, shada or gul) during pregnancy and about frequency and duration of ingestion of ST.Results: Baseline characteristics of cases and controls were comparable. ST user mothers of preterm babies used ST about 5 times a day. Maternal smokeless tobacco (ST) use during pregnancy was significantly associated (46%) with the delivery of preterm babies (p<0.001) and carries a risk of 2.7 times than that of non ST users.Conclusion: Maternal ST use ?5 times a day during pregnancy increases 2.7 folds risk of delivery of preterm babies than that of non-ingested.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (3) :135-138

scholarly journals Oral Ondansetron in the Prevention of Per and Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
ML Rahman ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
N Yusuf ◽  
A Ahsan ◽  
AHM Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Oral Ondansetron

A randomized single blind study was done in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to demonstrate the role of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in alleviating per and post operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing caeserian section (CS) under subarachnoid block (SAB). For the purpose, the incidence of per and post operative nausea and vomiting were compared between matched case (n=119) and control (n=121) groups undergoing CS under SAB. Cases received 16 mg ondansetron orally one hour prior to surgery. Anti emetic prophylaxis with single dose ondansetron resulted in significant reduction of per operative and immediate post operative (2 hours) nausea and vomiting. However, at sixth post operative hour difference in nausea and vomiting between case and control groups became less significant (<0.05). Incidence of nausea and vomiting during 1st post operative hour in ondansetron group was 4.2% and 0.84% respectively in comparison to 41.3% and 19.8% in control group. During 2nd post operative hour no incidence of nausea and/or vomiting were observed among subjects receiving ondansetron whereas in control group 29.2% and 5% subjects suffered from nausea and vomiting, respectively. Overall, ondansetron 16 mg is well tolerated and easy to use. Results of the present study revealed that ondansetron can be effectively used in preventing per operative and immediate post operative nausea and vomiting.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i1.3294TAJ 2005; 18(1): 1-4

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Findings of Brain in Perinatal Asphyxiated Babies

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
M Luthfor Rahman ◽  
Kabiruzzaman Shah ◽  
Parimal K Paul ◽  
Sanaul Haq ◽  
M Belal Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paediatric Department ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Cns Lesions

Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among the newborns in developing countries like Bangladesh. The CNS lesions following perinatal asphyxia can be detected by ultrasonography before closure of fontanels which is easier, cost-effective, and convenient than other methods like CT scan and MRI. This cross-sectional type of descriptive study was conducted on 99 perinatal asphyxiated babies in the Paediatric department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period of July 2008 to June 2010 to assess CNS lesions in different grades of HIE in term and preterm babies. A non-random purposive sampling method was adopted to select the sample unit. Ultrasonography of the brain of each patient was done at the Centre for Nuclear Medicine & Ultrasound, Rajshahi only once within first 28 days of life when the baby became clinically stable. Ultrasonographic findings showed that 13.1% term babies had abnormal findings of which cerebral edema occupied the major portions (54.54 %). About 20.0% preterm babies had abnormal ultrasonographic findings of which ventriculomegaly without IVH (66.6%).The study also showed that the prevalence of intracranial abnormality was higher (78.6%) among the perinatal asphyxiated babies with HIE stage-2 in comparison to that of the HIE stage-3 (14.3%) and HIE stage-1(7.1%).So, this study provided evidences in favour of role of ultrasonography of brain in the evaluation of perinatal asphyxiated babies and designing appropriate management.TAJ 2016; 29(2): 21-25

scholarly journals Role of Brush Cytology in Diagnosis of Bronchial Carcinoma: Experience in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Islam ◽  
Ahmad Zainuddin Sani ◽  
Samir C Majumdar ◽  
SM Asafudullah
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Bronchial Carcinoma ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Brush Cytology ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

This was a descriptive study conducted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH), Rajshahi and the study period was from June 2017 to June 2019. A total number of 300 patients (48 females and 252 males) were enrolled who underwent elective fiber optic bronchoscopy with brush cytology for the diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma. Our aim was to identify the role of brush cytology in diagnosis of bronchial carcinoma. Most of the cases (84%) were male. Majority 111(37.00%) of the patients were in age group 60-72 years; the mean±SD age was (58.70±13.11). Most of the study participants were farmer 134(44.67%). 182(66.67%) were smoker and 118(39.33%) were non-smoker. For smokers, pack year history was <10 pack in 78(42.85%), 10-20 pack 66(36.26%) and >20 pack 38(20.87%) of cases. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of bronchial carcinoma; found in 95 (31.66%) cases followed by adenocarcinoma 50 (16.66%), large cell carcinoma 43 (14.33%), small cell carcinoma 25 (8.33%), others 87 (29%) This study revealed that the bronchial brush cytology was minimally invasive, well enduring technique with high sensitivity in diagnosis of central lesion of bronchial carcinoma. TAJ 2019; 32(2): 1-6

scholarly journals Role of Latex Particle Agglutination Test in the Diagnosis of Meningitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurjahan Begum ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmed ◽  
Md. Abdus Salam ◽  
Shahanara Begum ◽  
KM Faisal Alam
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Latex Particle ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Particle Agglutination

A total  of 45 clinically suspected  cases of meningitis  of all  ages,  admitted at Rajshahi Medical  College  Hospital(RMCH),  were  studied to  find  out the etiological  agents of meningitis. Among  the cases,  32 (7l.1oh)  were diagnosed  asaseptic  meningitis  and  L3 (ZS.Sgoh)  as  bacterial meningitis by the  conventional  CSF  study. But  out of total  45 cases,lg  (40oh) were diagnosed as bacterial  meningitis  by  Latex  particle  agglutination test (LPAT).  The  LPAT  is  widelyused in  clinical  microbiology laboratories  and can  be considered  as an important  supplement  to the  culture  andGram stain of CSF specimens. Rapid  antigen  detection  tests may  provide positive results  when  culture  and  Gramstain results  are  negative for  meningitis patients  who have  received antimicrobial  therapy.  So, in our country, where empirical  broad-spectrum antibiotic is  randomly  used, LPAT may  be considered  as an adjunct  to establish  thediagnosis  of  bacterial  meningitis.Bangladesh  J Med Microbiol  2007;01(01):10-12

scholarly journals Study of Bacteriological pathogen causing neonatal sepsis at NICU in Ad-din medical college hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marium Begum ◽  
Mahmuda Hassan ◽  
ZSM Haque ◽  
N Jahan ◽  
Kona Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Objective : To determine the common causative bacterial agents of neonatal sepsis and their antimicrobial susceptibility in NICUMethods : Newborns with clinical signs of septicemia and positive blood culture during twelve months were prospectively studied. Samples for blood cultures, complete blood count, C-reactive protein, sugar, electrolytes were obtained ; ampicillin and gentamycin were started empirically.Result : Seven hundred and three neonates were investigated to rule out of sepsis. The male, female ratio was 1.3:1 and 56(63.63%) of patients were preterm and 32(36.36%) were term neonates. There were 68 (77.27%) cases of Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and 20(22.64%) of Late onset neonatal sepsis (LONS). Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS) was the most common 37(42.04%) Gm+ve pathogen causing early onset neonatal sepsis and Acinetobacter was common Gm-ve pathogen in both early onset 16(18%) and late-onset 8 (9%) sepsis. CONS sepsis showed high degree of resistance to commonly used antibiotics; ampicillin (86.5%), oxacillin (60%),cefotaxime (67%) but comparatively low resistance to vancomycin (0%), gentamicin (25%), Levofloxacin(36%) & Imipenem (49%). Acinetobacter were highly resistant to ampicillin (100), gentamicin(75%), cefotaxime(100) and sensitive to Amikacin (58.33%), ciprofloxacin (54.16%), Levofloxacin and Imipenem (62.5%)and Colistin (95.83%).Conclusion : Neonatal sepsis in our NICU is mainly caused by grampositive organisms, which are developing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The initial empirical choice of Ampicillin and Gentamicin appears to be unreasonable for our environment.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.5(1) 2013: 297-300

scholarly journals Role of Ultrasonography in The Differentiation of Solid Breast Mass

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Fatama Sharmin ◽  
Nazif Sultana ◽  
Nazneen Akter ◽  
SM Mazharul Islam ◽  
Farhana Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Mass ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Imaging Department ◽  
Malignant Breast

Background: Breast cancer is the major cause of cancer death in women. Breast ultrasound is of a great value in differentiating malignant from benign masses. Objective: To distinguish benign from malignant solid breast lesions by Ultrasonography (USG). Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed in Radiology and Imaging department of Dhaka Community Medical College Hospital (DCMCH) in collaboration with the department of Pathology and Surgery, DCMCH from January 2017 to December 2017. The benign and malignant solid breast mass were differentiated by using USG and correlated these with histopathological findings. Results: Total 60 female with breast mass, aged 20 to 60 years, were studied. Out of 60 cases, 34 cases were solid breast mass on USG. Eleven cases were diagnosed as malignant and 23 cases as benign. Among the USG diagnosed 11 cases, 10 cases found truly malignant (true +ve) and 1 (one) case was benign (false+ve) whereas out of the 23 benign cases, 21 were benign (true -ve) and 2 (two) were found malignant(false-ve), and all were confirmed by histopathology.The sensitivity of USG for malignant breast mass was found 83.33% and specificity was 95.45%. The positive and negative predictive values of USG were 90.91% and 91.3% respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of USG in differentiating breast mass into malignant and benign was 91.318%. Conclusion: The USG is a very good diagnostic modality for differentiating benign and malignant breast mass. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-4, January 2021, Page 204-207

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