scholarly journals An Attempt to Discover Antenatal Etiological Factors for Cerebral Palsy: What does 3D and 4D Ultrasonography Add?

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Guillermo Azumendi ◽  
Ingrid Marton ◽  
Asim Kurjak ◽  
Mislav Herman
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
4D Ultrasound ◽  
Mature Brain ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Infant Brain ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Cerebral palsy (CP) is a nonprogressive condition affecting developing fetal or infant brain resulting in disorders of movement and posture which are sometimes accompanied by disturbances of cognition, sensation, perception, behavior and seizures. The incidence of CP being 2 to 2.5 per 1000 live births did not considerably change in the last decades. Improvement of perinatal care did not result in the decreasing prevalence of CP. Consensus Statement of International Cerebral Palsy Task Force and its modification presented the essential criteria to define an acute intrapartum event sufficient to cause CP. These criteria were not helpful in allocating the time of brain injury, proving that etiology of CP is difficult to investigate. Better markers of acute intrapartum injury should be defined, although much evidence exists that most causes of CP are prenatal. Advances in 3D and 4D ultrasound (US) give opportunities to investigate fetal morphology and behavior. By 4D US, head, body and limb movements can be visualized simultaneously. The earliest phase of development can be studied in detail, making 4D superior compared to 2D. Is applicable neurological test for fetus available? This question is complicated, because even postnatally several neurological methods of evaluation exist, while hardly accessible fetus has less mature brain. Inexistence of reliable neurobehavioral assessment method for the fetuses is discouraging. The scientific community should intensify efforts in finding out simple, clinically applicable, and reproducible fetal neurological test(s), with fair sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Cerebral Palsy: State of Art

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Ulrich Honemeyer ◽  
Amira Talic
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Functional Maturation ◽  
4D Ultrasound ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood. It affects 2 to 2.5 children in 1000 live-births, with 20 to 30 fold increased prevalence in preterm infants. Despite of progress in perinatal care, the prevalence of cerebral palsy did not change in the last 50 years. New knowledge about etiological factors, such as inflammation, elevated level of cytokines, vascular strokes and genetic factors shift the origin of cerebral palsy mostly into antenatal period, making intrapartal damage responsible for less than 10% of cases. CP is becoming increasingly the subject of interdisciplinary research. Fetal neurosonography with a growing number of studies promises better understanding of the normal functional maturation of the human brain which may lead to effective prevention and treatment of cerebral palsy. Advances in 4D ultrasound resulted in development of KANET as tool for detection of abnormal fetal behavior.

scholarly journals Evaluation of risk factors for cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Salama Abd Elmagid ◽  
Hend Magdy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Infant Brain ◽  
Cns Malformation

Abstract Background Cerebral palsy (CP) has been identified as one of the most important and common causes of childhood disabilities worldwide and is often accompanied by multiple comorbidities. CP is defined as a group of disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The objective of our study was to describe main clinical pattern and motor impairments of our patients, and to evaluate the presence of risk factors and if there is a relation to the type of cerebral palsy. Methods Children with cerebral palsy were retrospectively enrolled over 2 years from the neurology outpatient clinics. Cerebral palsy risk factors and motor impairments were determined through caregiver interviews, review of medical records, and direct physical examination. Results One thousand children with cerebral palsy were enrolled. Subjects were 64.4% male, with a median age of 2.5 years. The risk factors for cerebral palsy in our study were antenatal (21%), natal and post-natal (30.5%), post-neonatal (17.1%), and unidentified (31.4%). Antenatal as CNS malformation (26.6%), maternal DM (17.6%), prolonged rupture of membrane (11.9%), maternal hemorrhage (10.4%), and pre-eclampsia (4.7%). Natal and post-natal as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (28.5%), infection (16.3%), hyperbilirubinemia (12.7%), cerebrovascular accidents (8.8%), meconium aspiration (6.2%), and intracranial hemorrhage. Post-neonatal as CNS infection (34.5%), cerebrovascular accidents (28.6%), sepsis (23.9%), and intracranial hemorrhage (8.7%). Conclusions Cerebral palsy has different etiologies and risk factors. Further studies are necessary to determine optimal preventative strategies in these patients.

Are We Becoming a Two-Class Society Based on Neonatal Circumcision?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1005
Author(s):  
RICHARD E. NEIBERGER
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Medical Indication ◽  
Class Society ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Neonatal Circumcision

To the Editor.— In 1975, an Ad Hoc Task Force on Circumcision of the American Academy of Pediatrics reported that "there is no absolute medical indication for routine circumcision of the newborn."1 In 1983, both the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology jointly published Guidelines to Perinatal Care in which routine neonatal circumcision was discouraged.2 Since 1983, many public tax-supported hospitals simply stopped performing neonatal circumcision. Circumcision is no longer an option at many major public hospitals.

scholarly journals Effects of Light Treatment on Sleep, Cognition, Mood, and Behavior in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaela Mitolo ◽  
Caterina Tonon ◽  
Chiara La Morgia ◽  
Claudia Testa ◽  
Valerio Carelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Intervention Treatment ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Bright Light Treatment

Background: Bright light treatment is a therapeutic intervention mainly used to treat sleep and circadian disturbances in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Recently, a handful of studies also focused on the effect on cognition and behavior. Conflicting findings are reported in the literature, and no definite conclusions have been drawn about its specific therapeutic effect. Summary: The aim of this review is to provide a critical evaluation of available evidence in this field, highlighting the specific characteristics of effective bright light treatment. Eligible studies were required to assess at least one of the following outcome measures: sleep, cognition, mood, and/or behavior (e.g., depression, agitation). A total of 32 articles were included in this systematic review and identified as research intervention studies about light treatment in AD. The quality of the papers was evaluated based on the US Preventive Service Task Force guidelines. Key Messages: Overall, the current literature suggests that the effects of light treatment in AD patients are mixed and may be influenced by several factors, but with a general trend toward a positive effect. Bright light seems to be a promising intervention treatment without significant adverse effects; therefore, further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed taking into account the highlighted recommendations.

scholarly journals Further Experience in the Clinical Assessment of Fetal Neurobehavior

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Zalud ◽  
Sejfulah Perva ◽  
Ulrich Honemeyer ◽  
Madeeha Al-Noobi ◽  
Ana Tikvica Luetic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
List Type ◽  
4D Ultrasound ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fetal Movements ◽  
Poor Neurological Outcome ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
New Scoring

Abstract Recent development of three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional ultrasound (4D) provided us with new possibilities to study fetal movements and behavior. Many studies have been conducted in order to provide information on specific movement pattern appearance in normal and high-risk fetus. This was the base for multicenter study on use of new scoring system for fetal neurobehavior which purpose is to recognize fetuses with increased risk for poor neurological outcome. The purpose of this paper is to give brief review on the use of 3D and 4D ultrasound in the assessment of fetal behavior. Objectives Define possibilities to study fetal movements and behavior by 3D and 4D ultrasound Decribe new scoring system for neurobehavior in fetuses with increased risk for poor neurological outcome Summarize behavioral perinatology research and potential clinical applications

PREMATURITY AND CP: A COMMON CAUSE?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. A72-A72
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Improvement In Survival

. . .cerebral palsy rates in infants with birth weights under 1500 g increased from 12.1 to 64.9 [per 1000 births]. These results, which are similar to those found in other developed countries, suggest that improved perinatal care, including increased use of interventions to prevent perinatal asphyxia, has improved neonatal survival but not the rate of cerebral palsy. In low-birth-weight infants the rising cerebral palsy rate has paralleled the improvement in survival; one explanation for this finding is that low birth weight and cerebral palsy both result from an insult that occurs well before birth.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document