scholarly journals High sedentary behavior and compromised physical capabilities in adult smokers despite the suitable level of physical activity in daily life

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Tonon Lauria ◽  
Evandro Fornias Sperandio ◽  
Agatha Caveda Matheus ◽  
Rodrigo Pereira da Silva ◽  
Marcello Romiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Sedentary Activities

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n1p62 Sedentary behavior may play an important role for health outcomes, regardless of the amount of physical activity in daily life (PADL).We aimed to evaluate and compare sedentary behavior as well as physical capabilities in physically active smokers and non-smokers. Twenty-eight adult smokers and 38 non-smokers free of lung disease were matched for age, sex, body mass index, body composition, cardiovascular risk and moderate-to-vigorous PADL. Participants underwent spirometry, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), six-minute walk test (6MWT), isokinetic dynamometry, and body composition (bioelectrical impedance).Despite the similar amount of moderate-to-vigorous PADL(median, 4.5h/week for smokers and 4.0h/week for non-smokers), smokers spent more time lying (median, 8.2h/week: 95% confidence interval, 5.4 to 19.1 vs. 6.1h/week: 3.7 to 11.2) and in sedentary activities (median, 100h/week: 66 to 129 vs. 78h/week: 55 to 122) compared to non-smokers. Smokers also presented worse spirometry, peak V’O2 and maximum heart rate in the CPET, 6MWT, and isokinetic indices (p<0.05). We observed a strong correlation between the time spent lying and spirometry (r = - 0.730) in smokers. Smoking is related to higher sedentary behavior, despite the suitable PADL. An appropriate PADL did not reduce the deleterious effects of smoking on physical capabilities. Interrupting sedentary behavior may be an appropriate intervention target in smokers for reducing the risk of diseases.

Gender Differences in Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Their Relation to Body Composition in Active Brazilian Adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Aparecida Devide Nogueira ◽  
Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Physically Active

Background:Body weight and composition are determined by genotype, environment, and energy balance. Physical activity or sedentary behavior have different associations with body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass, a relationship that is not clear in adolescents. The aim of this study was to test the associations between gender, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and body composition in physically active adolescents.Methods:Weight, height, and skinfold thickness were measured in 326 physically active boys and girls age 11 to 15 years. All subjects answered a questionnaire assessing their usual daily activities for the last month. Time spent on each activity was used to estimate the physical activity level (PAL).Results:PAL was associated with body composition after adjustment for age and maturation, with differences between genders. For boys, PAL was positively and significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) and fat-free mass index (β= 0.14 and 0.15, respectively). For girls, PAL was negatively and significantly associated with BMI and fat mass index (β= −0.11 and −0.75, respectively). Sedentary behavior, expressed by hours of TV, videogame, and computer use, was not associated with any body-composition outcome for either gender.Conclusion:The accumulated amount of physical activity, but not of sedentary behavior, was related to body composition in active adolescents.

scholarly journals Sedentary behavior, physical inactivity and body composition in relation to idiopathic infertility among men and women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foucaut Aude-Marie ◽  
Faure Céline ◽  
Julia Chantal ◽  
Czernichow Sébastien ◽  
Levy Rachel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Body ◽  
Idiopathic Infertility

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity and sedentary behavior has inconsistent effects on fertility. High body mass index is associated with infertility but to our knowledge, very few studies have explored body composition in association to fertility.ObjectiveTo assess the association between physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, body composition and idiopathic infertility in French men and women.DesignWe conducted a case-control multicentric observational study. 159 infertile (79 men and 80 women) and 143 fertile (72 men and 71 women) were recorded in four fertility centers.Main Outcome MeasuresParticipants completed self-administered questionnaires on sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behavior. Anthropometrics were measured, and bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate body composition. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association of fertility with PA level and sedentary behavior.ResultsIn men, being physically inactive (Odd ratio [OR] 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06, 4.58) and having fat mass greater than the reference values for their age (OR 2.83; 95%CI, 1.31, 6.10) were positively associated with infertility. Sedentary behavior and fat-free mass were not related to infertility in men. In women, sedentary behavior (OR 3.61; 95%CI, 1.58, 8.24), high body fat (OR 3.16; 95%CI, 1.36, 7.37) and low fat-free mass (OR 2.65; 95%CI, 1.10, 6.37) were associated with infertility. PA level was not associated with fertility in women.ConclusionsThis study suggests that sedentary behavior and physical inactivity would represent two independent risk factors associated with fertility. The various elements that make up physical activity (frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise) and the interrupting time spent sitting should be considered. Body composition variation should be explored further in relation to the biological pathways involved in idiopathic infertility. Moreover, the improvement of lifestyle factors should be considered in infertility treatment.

scholarly journals Physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and psychological predictors in Chilean adolescents: Differences by gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (42) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Psychological Predictors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Exercise Barriers

The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and psychological predictors of physical activity among male and female Chilean adolescents. A total of 70 male and 56 female Chilean adolescents (aged 13.00 ± 1.00 years old) were assessed for physical fitness (body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness), habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior (GT3X accelerometer) and psychological predictors of physical activity (motivation toward exercise, barriers toward exercise and intention to be physically active) (cross-sectional design). The Mann-Whitney U test results showed that male adolescents had statistically significant more favorable levels of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, self-determined motivation toward exercise, barriers toward exercise and intention to be physically active than women (p ≤ .05). The different programs conducive to creating healthy habits among young people should keep in mind the differences between male and female adolescents.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Alcohol Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712098583
Author(s):  
Mats Hallgren ◽  
Davy Vancampfort ◽  
Thi-Thuy-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
Peter Wallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Alcohol Abstainers

Purpose: To describe physical activity habits, sedentary behavior, and cardiorespiratory fitness levels among alcohol abstainers, hazardous and non-hazardous drinkers. Design: Cross-sectional study with data collected between 2017-19. Setting: Sweden. Subjects: Adults aged 18-65 years (n = 47,559; 59.4% male). Measures: During a routine health assessment, participants answered validated single-item questions regarding: habitual physical activity, structured exercise, and the percentage of time spent sedentary during leisure-time (past 30 days), and completed a 6-minute cycle ergometer test (V02max) to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Participants were categorized as alcohol abstainers, non-hazardous drinkers or hazardous drinkers (low/high) based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) cut-points for men and women. Analysis: Logistic regression models stratified by sex and age. Results: Compared to non-hazardous drinkers, the heaviest drinkers were less physically active (males: OR = 1.38, CI = 1.13-1.67, p = .001; females: OR = 1.41, CI = 1.01-1.97, p = .040) and more sedentary during leisure time (males: OR = 1.94, CI = 1.62-2.32, p = .000; females: OR = 1.62, CI = 1.21-2.16, p = .001). Apart from young females, the heaviest drinkers also did less structured exercise than non-hazardous drinkers (males: OR = 1.22, CI = 1.15-1.51, p = .000; females: OR = 1.43, CI = 1.15-1.78, p = .001). The strongest associations were seen among adults aged 40-65 years (shown here). High-hazardous drinking was associated with low CRF among older males only (OR = 1.19, CI = 1.00-1.41). Conclusion: Middle-aged adults with AUDIT-C scores of ≥6 (women) and ≥7 (men) were less physically active and more sedentary during leisure time and may be appropriate targets for physical activity interventions.

scholarly journals Association of Physical Activity with Body Composition: A Mendelian Randomization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferris Alaa Ramadan ◽  
Katherine Ellingson ◽  
Yann Klimentidis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
The Uk

Background. Studies suggest that body composition can be improved through physical activity (PA) independently of dietary interventions. A separate line of evidence suggests that PA may reduce high-risk visceral adipose tissue (VAT), without clinically meaningful weight change. Genome-wide association studies have previously identified genetic markers associated with PA behaviors and may provide an opportunity to evaluate hypothesized causal relationships with body composition. Methods. We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to test the incremental benefits of various PA exposures on body composition outcomes as assessed by anthropometric indices, lean body mass (LBM) (kg), body fat (%), and VAT (kg). Genetic instruments were identified for both self-reported and accelerometer-measured PA, including sedentary behavior. Outcomes included anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures of adiposity, extracted from the UK Biobank and the largest publicly available consortia. Multivariable MR (MVMR) included educational attainment as a covariate to address potential confounding. Sensitivity analyses were evaluated for weak instrument bias and pleiotropic effects.Results. We did not identify associations between genetically-predicted sedentary behavior (self-reported or accelerometer) and body composition outcomes in MVMR analyses. All analyses for self-reported moderate PA were null for body composition outcomes, including BMI, LBM and VAT. Genetically-predicted PA at higher intensities was protective against VAT in MR and MVMR analyses of both accelerometer-measured vigorous PA (MVMR β = -0.15, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.24, -0.07, p&lt;0.001) and self-reported participation in strenuous sports or other exercises (MVMR β = -0.27, 95%CI: -0.52, -0.01, p=0.034), and was robust across several sensitivity analyses. Conclusions. We did not identify evidence of a causal relationship between genetically-predicted PA and body composition, with the exception of a putatively protective effect of higher-intensity PA on VAT. Protective effects of PA against VAT may support prior evidence of biological pathways through which PA decreases risk of downstream cardiometabolic diseases.

Does exercise-induced bronchoconstriction affect physical activity patterns in asthmatic children?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR van der Kamp ◽  
BJ Thio ◽  
M Tabak ◽  
HJ Hermens ◽  
JMM Driessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Severe Type

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a sign of uncontrolled childhood asthma and classically occurs after exercise. Recent research shows that EIB frequently starts during exercise, called breakthrough-EIB (BT-EIB). It is unknown whether this more severe type of EIB forces children to adapt their physical activity (PA) pattern in daily life. Therefore, this pilot study aims to investigate daily life PA (amount, intensity, duration, and distribution) in children with BT-EIB, ‘classic’ EIB, and without EIB. A Fitbit Zip activity tracker was used for one week to objectively measure daily life PA at one-minute intervals. Thirty asthmatic children participated. Children with BT-EIB were less physically active compared to children without EIB (respectively 7994 and 11,444 steps/day, p = .02). Children with BT-EIB showed less moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to the children without (respectively 117 and 170 minutes/day, p = .02). Children with EIB (both BT and classic) had significant shorter bouts of activity and a less stretched distribution of bout lengths compared to the non-EIB group (all p < .05). These results emphasize a marked association between EIB severity and PA patterns in daily life, stressing the need for a thorough clinical evaluation of exercise-induced symptoms in childhood asthma.

Exercise Is Medicine on Campus®: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Duke D. Biber ◽  
Chrissy Knoll
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
University Setting ◽  
Larger Sample

The primary objective was to (a) test the effectiveness of an Exercise Is Medicine® on Campus (EIM-OC) program in a university setting and (b) compare the baseline levels of physical activity, mental health, and physical health with post-EIM-OC levels. Referred and consenting students ( n = 9) participated in a 12-week program. At pre- and postprogram, participants completed measures of current health behaviors, obstacles to physical activity, health goals, physical activity history, biometric screening (resting heart rate, blood pressure (BP), waist-to-hip ratio, body composition percentage via bioelectrical impedance, cardiovascular and muscular endurance baseline, and flexibility), perceived stress, and self-compassion. All of the participants adhered to 100% of the program. Participants experienced a decrease in resting heart rate, body composition, and BP and an increase in sleep, physical activity, and self-compassion. The program will be implemented with a larger sample of referred students with the goal of reducing risk or prevalence of chronic disease.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Digital Tools to Reduce Sedentary Behavior or Increase Physical Activity in Knowledge Workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Damen ◽  
Hans Brombacher ◽  
Carine Lallemand ◽  
Rens Brankaert ◽  
Aarnout Brombacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Office Environments

Background: There is increasing interest in the role that technology can play in improving the vitality of knowledge workers. A promising and widely adopted strategy to attain this goal is to reduce sedentary behavior (SB) and increase physical activity (PA). In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art SB and PA interventions using technology in the office environment. By scoping the existing landscape, we identified current gaps and underexplored possibilities. We discuss opportunities for future development and research on SB and PA interventions using technology. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the Association for Computing Machinery digital library, the interdisciplinary library Scopus, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore Digital Library to locate peer-reviewed scientific articles detailing SB and PA technology interventions in office environments between 2009 and 2019. Results: The initial search identified 1130 articles, of which 45 studies were included in the analysis. Our scoping review focused on the technologies supporting the interventions, which were coded using a grounded approach. Conclusion: Our findings showed that current SB and PA interventions using technology provide limited possibilities for physically active ways of working as opposed to the common strategy of prompting breaks. Interventions are also often offered as additional systems or services, rather than integrated into existing office infrastructures. With this work, we have mapped different types of interventions and provide an increased understanding of the opportunities for future multidisciplinary development and research of technologies to address sedentary behavior and physical activity in the office context.

scholarly journals Sedentary Behavior and Quality of Life in Individuals With Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura D. Ellingson ◽  
Andrew Zaman ◽  
Elizabeth L. Stegemöller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background. Sedentary behavior is a growing public health concern and may have particular relevance for the Parkinson disease (PD) population. However, the influence of sedentary time on factors associated with quality of life (QOL) in PD is unknown. The primary purpose of this study was to examine relationships between sedentary behaviors and markers of PD-specific QOL. A secondary purpose was to examine relationships between physical activity behaviors and QOL. Methods. We assessed sedentary and active behaviors using objective and interview measures and examined relationships between these behaviors and a measure of PD-specific QOL in individuals with PD. Results. Results demonstrated that sedentary time was significantly related to several aspects of QOL, including perceived deficits in the domains of mobility, cognitive processing, and communication. Additionally, results showed that time spent watching television was more strongly associated with lower levels of QOL than other more engaging sedentary activities. For physical activity, relationships between objective measures and QOL were weaker and only significantly associated with mobility. Time spent doing housework was associated with lower levels of QOL, whereas time spent in recreational activity was associated with lower levels of discomfort. Discussion. These results suggest that targeting decreases in sedentary behaviors (eg, reducing time spent watching television, breaking up prolonged bouts of sedentary time) may be effective for improving QOL in individuals with PD.

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