scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE METANO DE CARVÃO MINERAL EM BACIAS DE CARVÃO MOÇAMBICANAS: UMA ENERGIA ALTERNATIVA VIÁVEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Aniceto Elcidio Alves MACIE ◽  
Drielli PEYERL ◽  
Edmilson Moutinho dos SANTOS ◽  
Denise de La Corte BACCI
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Government ◽  
Exploration Well

The present study analyzed the potential of coalbed methane (CBM) generation as a viable alternative energy source of production in the Mozambican coal basins considering the geology, the properties of the coal and the respective potentialities. It should be noted that one of the most important coal bearing sedimentary successions in the world occurs in the Moatize-Minjova coal basin, Mozambique. In the analysis of the rank of the types of coal suitable for the production of CBM, the most recommended are the coal or bituminous type that has high levels of CO2, high calorific value and higher concentration of gas, however, this quality is found in the Moatize-Minjova coal basin. Exploration well drilling data collected by the company ETA STAR Mozambique and analyzed by specific laboratory tests, such as: physical-chemical, mineralogical, geochemical and petrography analyzes, facilitated the knowledge of the geology and the economic viability of the reservoir with a view to determination of the quality and volume of gas contained in the layers of coal as a viable source of energy in the country. Thus, it is anticipated that the result of the pioneer study carried out by the Company ETA STAR Mozambique indicates that this coal basin of Moatize has qualities to generate the coalbed methane. It is also emphasized that the other five coal basins present in the region due to the presented geological characteristics probably have an economically feasible potential for production. In this way, the exploration of the CBM would be a preponderant solution to answer the problematic of the energy demand for the national consumption. However, in order to exploit the CBM's potential in the country, the Government of Mozambique could introduce a specific CBM policy to legally guide the research, exploration, production and consumption of methane gas contained in the coal layers Mozambican.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN AWAL PABRIK BIOHIDROGEN DARI LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN FERMENTASI ANAEROBIK PADA KONDISI TERMOFILIK

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Bambang Trisakti ◽  
Irvan ◽  
Hari Tiarasti ◽  
Irma Suraya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Net Income ◽  
The Government ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Product Sales

Indonesia has a lot of natural resources which is deficient to fulfill the energy demand of consumers, particularly fuel. Therefore, the government keeps on promoting the search for alternative energy. One of these is hydrogen. Hydrogen is an environmental friendly product that does not produce carbon emissions. In the formation of hydrogen we can use carbohydrate-rich waste as a raw material and by using fermentation process. However, it is still limited research only. So this encourage us to design biohydrogen plant from palm oil mill effluent (POME) with the conditions of thermophilic anaerobic fermentation in order to accomplish the needs of consumers and contribute in developing clean technologies. For the production capacity of 495.1694 tons / year, the total investment required to build a factory of biohydrogen in Indonesia is Rp. 507,190,573,523, - with a total production cost of Rp. 354,636,600,139, -. Parameter feasibility of the production capacity of 495.1694 tons / year is the total product sales of Rp 174,261,989.701, - and net income 180,030,185,327, -. Profit Margin (PM) 41.9% Break Even Point (BEP) 45.24%, Return on Investment (ROI) 35.5%, Pay Out Time (POT) 2.82 years, Return of Network (RON) 59.16%, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 53.52 %.

scholarly journals Charcoal and Fuelwood Consumption and Its Impacts on Environment in Cote d’Ivoire (Case Study of Yopougon Area)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Aboh Prisca Zidago ◽  
Zhangqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Government

The difficulty in accessibility to energy by households in some regions is one of the major problems in World. This article described the use of some fuels such as charcoal fuel, and these different effects on consumers and producers in Abidjan of Cote d’Ivoire. A qualitative analysis through the households has showed that charcoal was the fuel most used in households and even the choice of its poor energies mainly socio economic. Moreover, the production and consumption have a negative impact on the health of producers and consumers. This research has shown that many users are unaware of the health hazards. This paper argues that to improve these situations require more coordinated and innovative plans and policies from the government. This paper suggests that greater emphasis will be needed in reducing dependence of biomass for cooking, promoting domestic alternative energy sources, and also presented a policy approach to minimize or eradicate health problems.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Metroxylon sago Dregs for Eco-friendly Bioethanol Stove in Papua, Indonesia

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
I Made Kartika Dhiputra ◽  
Numberi Johni Jonatan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Energy Resources

<p>Indonesia’s dependency on fossil energy is relatively high; approximately 55 % fuel oil that comes from fossil is used in the household sector. The increasing of energy demand is not supported by the energy availability. This issue prompted the government of Indonesia to develop a diverse, cheaper, renewable, sustainable and eco-friendly alternative energy and to create an independent management which ensures the availability of energy to people in remote area. Among other possible solution, production of bioethanol from Metroxylon sago dregs as alternative energy resources is considered as the most feasible solution. Indonesia has ± 1,250,000 billion ha of sago plantation and in Papua there is ± 1,200,000 billion ha of land with sago potential, of which only 56 % is used. Research methods include fermentation of sago dregs to become bioethanol, its distillation process and flame characteristics. Results of laboratory experiment showed that sago dregs are viable as a source of fuel bioethanol because it still contains 82.4 % vol. of carbohydrate component. Measurement of flame temperature on bioethanol burner with ethanol content of 60 to 95 % is strongly influenced by these parameters: turbulence, temperature, mixing time and the rest of the air-fuel flow. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: bioethanol; flame characteristics; Metroxylon sago dregs</p>

scholarly journals Characteristics of Charcoal Briquette from the Skin Waste of Areca catechu Fruit with Various Compositions of Adhesive Types

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Shobar Shobar ◽  
Evi Sribudiani ◽  
Sonia Somadona
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Areca Catechu

The increase in energy demand requires the search for alternative energy. One of the potential alternative energies is charcoal briquette that could utilize biomass waste. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of charcoal briquettes from the waste of Areca catechu fruit. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications and then continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a level of 5%. The treatment applied was the composition of starch and sago adhesive with ratios of 5% : 0% (P1), 0% : 5% (P2), 3% : 2% (P3), 2,5% : 2,5% (P4), and 2% : 3% (P5). The result showed that the skin waste of Areca catechu fruit could be used as raw material for charcoal briquettes. The average moisture content and calorific value met the minimum requirement of SNI with an average value of 3.8% and 5602.18 cal/g, respectively. The results revealed that only P1 could meet the minimum requirement of SNI for volatile content, carbon ash content, and carbon bounded content at 14.2%, 7.9%, and 77.8%, respectively. Consequently, the charcoal briquette that could meet SNI on all characteristics was using P1 (starch adhesive 5%: sago adhesive 0%).Keywords: Areca catechu, charcoal briquettes, sago adhesive, starch adhesive

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

Evolution of Microclimatic Conditions in Paskov Mine / Ewolucja Warunków Mikroklimatycznych W Kopalni Paskov

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1055
Author(s):  
Pavel Zapletal ◽  
Pavel Prokop ◽  
Vítězslav Košňovský
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Mining Engineering ◽  
Special Program ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Technical University

Abstract The main subject of this paper focuses on scientific and research activities conducted in the Institute of Mining Engineering and Safety of the VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava. Cooperation between the VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava and OKD A.S., the only representative of coal mining in the Ostrava-Karviná coal basin, has recently begun to develop again. This paper describes an example discussed in a certain study, which has been undertaken for the Paskov mine, OKD a.s., dealing specifically with the evolution of microclimate parameters in mines that depend on the progress of mining activity at deeper levels over a period of several years. To this end, a special program, aimed at determination of the necessary refrigerating capacity, was established at the VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava.

PERANAN INSPEKTORAT KABUPATENSUMENEP DALAM MENCEGAH DAN MENDETEKSI FRAUD DI DINAS PENDIDIKAN SUMENEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astri Furqani ◽  
Hafidhah .
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Government

In this era, a lot of activities that can not be separated from the practice of cheating or fraud , no exception In the government . Inspektorat Sumenep is the leading institution of internal Local Government in preventing and detecting fraud in the Local Government appropiate Perbup Sumenep No. 29 of 2008 . Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep need attention on the issue . This is due to Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep an agency with the largest number of assets and managing large budgets . These conditions led to the formulation of the problem is How Inspektorat Sumenep role in preventing and detecting fraud in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep. This study used a qualitative approach in which the focus of this study is Inspektorat role in preventing and detecting fraud at Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep . Primary data obtained by direct interviews with the parties directly related to the determination of the source of research data in a qualitative study using nonprobability sampling . The sampling technique used was purposive sampling . The conclusion of this study, role of the Inspektorat Sumenep in the prevention of fraud in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep still not maximal . This is due to Inspektorat Sumenep not supervise from the planning / budgeting and not optimal in overseeing and assisting the implementation of the SPIP as an instrument of fraud prevention in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep . The role of Inspektorat Sumenep in the detection of fraud in Dinas Pendidikan Sumenep done by conducting an audit of financial and asset management in each financial year.Keywords: fraud, government, inspektorat.

VALUE INCREASING OF REJECT COAL WITH BIOMASS ADDING AS BIO-COAL BRIQUETTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Dyah Marganingrum ◽  
Lenny Marilyn Estiaty
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Chemical Test ◽  
Agglomeration Process ◽  
Strategic Solution ◽  
Index Value

Aim: This paper aims to explain the added value increasing method of reject coal which has not utilized by the company. Methodology and Results: The method to increase added value in this study used the agglomeration process of briquettes form that changing composition by adding biomass. The biomass functions to minimize bottom ash produced from burning briquettes so that the briquettes burn entirely. Stages processes in this study consist of characterization, briquetting, physical test, and chemical test. Based on the analysis, reject coal still has a high calorific value of 5,929 cal/gr. Shapes and sizes that were not following needs of coal market or consumer due to reject coal to be a waste. Briquettes have been successfully produced and meet specification requirements based on applicable regulations in Indonesia. Besides physical properties, the briquette meet density requirements which are greater than or equal to 1 gr/cm3 and shatter index value is less than 0.5%. The gas emission test shows below threshold, which is CO 0-30 ppm, H2S 0-3.6 ppm, and NOx is not detected. After evaluation, it showed that by adding 30% biomass, ignition time could be decreased and remaining unburned briquettes or bottom ash was reduced as much as 68.68%. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The bio-coal briquettes is a strategic solution to environmental problems and alternative energy sources that are environmentally friendly, because CO and H2S emissions are still below the threshold, even for NOx not detected. Making Bio-coal briquettes as a solution to the utilization of reject coal mining waste to be used as an alternative energy source has been successfully carried out.

The Validity of Rector�s Circular Letter on the Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fradhana Putra Disantara
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Circular Letter ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

This study aims to analyze the relevance of the �health emergency� status to the existing legal theory and condition as well as to identify the validity of the Circular Letter of the Rector of State Universities. To this end, this study applied the statute and conceptual approach. The study was conducted by inventorying primary and secondary legal materials to obtain a proper and critical review of the legal issues under study. The results showed that the determination of the �health emergency� status by the government was inappropriate due to the uncertainty of the regulations issued by the government to determine the current condition. Thus, the status of the COVID-19 pandemic is a �legal emergency� status. Further, the Rector�s policy through the Circular Letter is valid judicially, sociologically, and philosophically. The determination of the �legal emergency� status can be done by issuing a Perppu without a �state of emergency� from the President. Finally, it is suggested to firstly get an approval from the Ministry of Education and Culture regarding the issuance of the Rector�s Circular Letter. Besides, further study is needed as this study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic.�Keabsahan Surat Edaran Rektor Perguruan Tinggi dalam Pandemi Covid-19Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa relevansi status �darurat kesehatan� dengan teori hukum dan kondisi yang ada dan keabsahan atas Surat Edaran Rektor Perguruan Tinggi Negeri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statute approach dan conseptual approach. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menginventarisasi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, guna mendapatkan kajian yang seyogianya dan telaah kritis terkait isu hukum. Hasil penelitian menyatakan penetapan status darurat kesehatan oleh pemerintah kurang tepat, dikarenakan tidak menentu-nya peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah untuk menetapkan kondisi saat ini. Sehingga, status pandemi COVID-19 merupakan status darurat hukum. Kebijakan rektor melalui Surat Edaran adalah absah secara aspek yuridis, sosiologis, dan filosofis. Penetapan darurat hukum cukup dilakukan dengan menerbitkan Perppu tanpa pernyataan darurat dari Presiden. Saran peneliti adalah di perlukan persetujuan pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan terkait terbitnya Surat Edaran Rektor, dan dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut dikarenakan penelitian ini dilakukan pada masa COVID-19 yang bersifat temporal.�

REGULATION URGENCY CONCERNING ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTION GUIDELINES IN SPACE ADMINISTRATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhmat Bowo Suharto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Administrative Sanction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

The spatial development can be supported by sustainable development, efforts are needed to divert space through the imposition of sanctions on administration in the spatial field. In the context of a legal state, sanctions must be taken while ensuring their legality in order to provide legal protection for citizens. The problem is, the construction of administrative regulations in Law No. 26 of 2007 and PP No. 15 of 2010 contains several weaknesses so that it is not enough to provide clear arrangements for administrative officials who impose sanctions. For this reason, an administration is required which requires administrative officials to request administrative approval in the spatial planning sector. The success of the regulation requires that it is the foundation of the welfare state principle which demands the government to activate people's welfare. 15 of 2010, the main things that need to be regulated therein should include (1) the mechanism of imposing sanctions: (2) determination of the type and burden of sanctions; and (3) legal protection and supervision by the region.

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