Changing Patterns of Global Trade

Policy Papers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Changing Patterns

The past few decades have seen important shifts that have reshaped the global trade landscape. As a share of global output, trade is now at almost three times the level in the early 1950s, in large part driven by the integration of rapidly growing emerging market economies (EMEs). The expansion in trade is mostly accounted for by growth in noncommodity exports, especially of high-technology products such as computers and electronics. It is also characterized by a growing role of global supply chains and an ongoing shift of technology content toward EMEs. These developments in global trade have been associated with growing trade interconnectedness and carry important implications for trade patterns, in particular in response to relative price changes. The aim of this paper is to outline the factors underlying these changes and analyze their implications for the outlook for global trade patterns.

Changing Patterns of Politicization and Partisanship Among Women in France

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia B. Bashevkin
Keyword(s):  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Involvement ◽  
North American Society ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
The Past ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
American Society ◽  
Feminist Movements

During the past decade, political researchers have devoted growing attention to women's political involvement and, to a somewhat lesser extent, their political attitudes in Western cultures. This interest has been a response in part to contemporary feminist movements and, more specifically, to the increasingly visible role of women as social activists, partisan elites and governmental decision makers in Western European and North American society.

Private sector strengthens Africa regional ties

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Insurance Firms

Subject The role of the private sector in strengthening regional ties between African states. Significance Over the past decade, the African continent has experienced greater integration within and across its regions, especially through trade. While still lagging behind many other emerging market regions, this growth has been driven in large part by the private sector. More African companies are now expanding beyond the borders of their home countries. Private equity is playing an important role in funding this expansion, supporting companies with knowledge and experience to access broader markets. Impacts Commercial ties are pushing regulators to harmonise aspects of economic policy across borders, eg on banks and insurance firms. Longer-term integration projects -- eg African Central Bank and African Monetary Fund -- are unlikely to succeed. Firms from regional hegemons (Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa) will tend to have the greatest pan-Africa footprint.

scholarly journals The Role of the Professional Community in the Development of the Engineering Market in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-263
Author(s):  
V. G. Zinov ◽  
O. A. Yeremchenko
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
High Technology ◽  
National Register ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Full Life ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regulatory Organization

The barriers to the development of the industrial engineering market as a tool to ensure the full life cycle of high technology products in Russia are considered. The problem is the most difficult to overcome barriers attributed to the vague definition of engineering services and the problem of trust between participants. Proposals were substantiated to clarify the content of engineering activities and intensify the professional community in the direction of creating a self-regulatory organization as a generator of communication and certification activities, as well as creating an updated national register of engineering companies.

Anchoring Growth: The Importance of Productivity-Enhancing Reforms in Emerging Market and Developing Economies

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Era Dabla-Norris ◽  
Giang Ho ◽  
Kalpana Kochhar ◽  
Annette Kyobe ◽  
Robert Tchaidze
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sectoral Productivity ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Broad Policy ◽  
Future Growth

This paper examines the supply side drivers of growth in emerging market and developing economics (EMDEs) during the past decades and discusses the role of productivity-enhancing reforms in bolstering future growth prospects. It examines aggregate and sectoral productivity trends including around reform episodes to draw broad policy lessons on what policies are needed to increase productivity. Findings suggest appropriate policies need to be tailored to the stage of economic development and to other pertinent features that give rise to the heterogeneous experiences of EMDEs.

Emigration and the Irish abroad: recent writings

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (127) ◽  
pp. 433-442
Author(s):  
John A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Global System ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Plural Society

There has been a remarkable revival of interest in the Irish abroad within the past ten years. In part this is attributable to the new confidence experienced by the Irish at home with the economic success of the ‘tiger economy’ and the decline of ‘migration by necessity’. Equally the Irish abroad, especially in the United States, have risen to the top of the immigrant pile and have achieved prosperity and assurance of their position in their adopted homelands. This itself has led to a reduction in some of the inhibitions that have held back serious attention to the history of the immigrants and to a recognition of their place in the sun. Public awareness has been further stimulated by changing patterns of immigration and by the development of new attitudes towards immigrants in the host societies, now including Ireland itself. Such changes have created a need to give meaning to the term ‘plural society’ and to challenge the racism that has characteristically followed in the wake of increased numbers of immigrants.These seven books are representative of a large number that have begun to address the topic in the last few years from an historical point of view. For the most part they relate to the Irish in Britain but use the focus on the immigrants to open up issues about the history of Ireland and Britain and the role of each in an emerging global system. For example, one of them is a comparative account of the Irish in Liverpool and Philadelphia which allows consideration of some of the broader questions regarding the treatment of the Irish immigrant in the literature both by historians and other interested scholars.

scholarly journals The Price of Capital Goods

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (134) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weicheng Lian ◽  
Natalija Novta ◽  
Evgenia Pugacheva ◽  
Yannick Timmer ◽  
Petia Topalova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Investment Growth ◽  
Additional Channel

Over the past three decades, the price of machinery and equipment fell dramatically relative to other prices in advanced and emerging market and developing economies. Using cross-country and sectoral data, we show that the decline in the relative price of tangible tradable capital goods provided a significant impetus to the capital deepening that took place during the same time period. The broad-based decline in the relative price of machinery and equipment, in turn, was driven by the faster productivity growth in the capital goods producing sectors relative to the rest of the economy, and deeper trade integration, which induced domestic producers to lower prices and increase their efficiency. Our findings suggest an additional channel through which rising trade tensions and sluggish productivity could threaten real investment growth going forward.

Data Mining Techniques in Knowledge Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 200-232
Author(s):  
Hirak Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
And Diffusion

The ability to manage knowledge is becoming increasingly more crucial in today's knowledge economy. The creation and diffusion of knowledge have become ever more important factors in competitiveness. More and more, knowledge is being regarded as a valuable commodity that is embedded in products (especially high-technology products) and in the tacit knowledge of highly mobile employees. Data mining is an essential tool, which is used to predict and classify the data collected from the customers. Data mining can be applied for classifying and clustering student characteristics based on demographic, psychographic and behavioural variables. Data mining can also be applied by using if-then rule. In addition, it can describe the profile of successful and unsuccessful students based of GPA achieved during the semesters. This chapter aims to study the role of data mining in the education sector and emphasizes on the role of knowledge management in educational institutions.

The Constructive Role of Private Creditors

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Arturo C. Porzecanski
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

During the past couple of years, policy-makers in Washington and other capitals of G-7 countries have been flogging the idea that the functioning of the world's financial markets must be improved by making it easier for insolvent governments, especially in emerging markets, to obtain debt relief from their bondholders and bankers.Most savvy investors, financial intermediaries, and emerging-market government officials, however, are at a loss to understand why the G-7 and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) believe the international financial system would function better if there were specific mechanisms to facilitate sovereign bankruptcies.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

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