scholarly journals Polyphyly and homoplasic structures in rhizosolenioid diatom genera: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Richard W. Jordan ◽  
Matt P. Ashworth ◽  
Yuki Uezato ◽  
Schonna R. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Single Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background and aims – Traditionally, extant rhizosolenioid diatom genera have been placed in a single family, the Rhizosoleniaceae. However, preliminary molecular data suggested that the family might be polyphyletic. Therefore, a literature review of the morphological, ultrastructural and molecular data of the rhizosolenioid genera was undertaken. Methods – In addition to the literature survey, the location of the rimoportula in a number of rhizosolenioid genera was investigated by breaking the valves and observing the fragments in the scanning electron microscope. Key results – The data provides strong support for the previous separation of Proboscia and Rhizosolenia at the family level (Probosciaceae vs. Rhizosoleniaceae), with the rimoportula being located at the tip of the proboscis in Proboscia, or with an internal labia at the base of the hollow tubular rimoportula (= spine or process) in Rhizosolenia and Pseudosolenia. Conclusions – The data suggests that a number of rhizosolenioid genera should be transferred to other families, and that gene sequences of two genera (Dactyliosolen and Neocalyptrella) are needed as their morphological features differ markedly from those of the Rhizosoleniceae s. str. (Rhizosolenia, Guinardia, Pseudosolenia).

scholarly journals Taxonomic significance of spermoderm pattern in Cucurbitaceae

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
M. Ajmal Ali ◽  
Fahad M.A. Al-Hemaid ◽  
Arun K. Pandey ◽  
Joongku Lee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
Benincasa Hispida ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies on spermoderm using scanning electron microscope (SEM) were undertaken in 12 taxa under 11 genera of the family Cucurbitaceae sampled from India, China and Korea. The spermoderm pattern in the studied taxa varies from rugulate, reticulate to colliculate type. The spermoderm shows rugulate type in Benincasa hispida and Sicyos angulatus; reticulate type in Citrullus colocynthis, Cucumis melo var. agrestis, Diplocyclos palmatus, Hemsleya longivillosa, Luffa echinata, Momordica charantia, M. cymbalaria, Schizopepon bryoniifolius, and Trichosanthes cucumerina; and colliculate type  in Gynostemma laxiflorum. The present study clearly reveals that the testa features greatly varies across the genera which can be used as micromorphological markers for identification as well as character states for deducing relationship of the taxa within the family.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i1.15465Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 20(1): 61-65, 2013 (June)

Meschia zoui sp. nov., first representative of the family Meschiidae from China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4603 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
CUIQING GAO ◽  
M. B. MALIPATIL
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Southern China ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cuticular Structures ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

All the species of the family Meschiidae, known until now only from India and Australia, are reviewed. A new species, Meschia zoui sp. nov. from southern China, is described as the first representative of this family from China, also its cuticular structures are studied using the scanning electron microscope. A key to all species of Meschiidae is provided, along with a re-description of Meschia quadrimaculata Distant.

Glugea hertwigi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
North America ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Fish Parasite ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This article describes the morphology, morphometrics, and geographical distribution of the freshwater fish parasite Glugea hertwigi infecting fish of the family Osmeridae (smelts) in freshwater of north temperate to boreal Europe and North America and nearby seas and brackish waters. Using a scanning electron microscope, spores of this species have a rough surface with loose folds and longitudinal wrinkles. This distinguishes them from spores of G. anomala. This parasite can be found in Canada, USA, Finland, Germany, and Russia.

scholarly journals Achnanthes citronella, A. trachyderma comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta) and allied taxa pertaining to the same morphological group

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Riaux-gobin ◽  
Pierre Compère ◽  
Friedel Hinz ◽  
Luc Ector
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Smithsonian Institution ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Morphological Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Several diatoms in the family Achnanthaceae (Bacillariophyta), mainly from marine environments, have species with strongly apiculate, lemon-shaped valves. Some of them originally described under the genus Cocconeis (i.e., C. trachyderma or C. citronella), while others were first described as Stauroneis species [i.e. Stauroneis apiculata or S.(?) obesa]. Afterwards, Cocconeis citronella has been recombined within Achnanthes by Hustedt. The type material of C. citronella from Albert Mann’s collection, housed in the Smithsonian Institution (US), has been examined with light microscope; some ambiguities are pointed out and new details added to the original description. The intricate history of the latter taxon is redrawn and comparison with allied taxa are tentatively addressed. Cocconeis trachyderma is lectotypified and recombined as Achnanthes trachyderma comb. nov. Stauroneis apiculata and S.(?) obesa are recombined as Achnanthes apiculata comb. nov. and Achnanthes obesa comb. nov. respectively. The examination with light and scanning electron microscope of several marine samples from the Society Archipelago details the unique morphology of Achnanthes trachyderma which, until recently, has been often misidentified as Achnanthes citronella due to certain similarities between both taxa.

scholarly journals Taxonomy and distribution of Pectinariidae (Annelida) from Iceland with a comparative analysis of uncinal morphology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Parapar ◽  
Verónica Palomanes ◽  
Gudmundur V. Helgason ◽  
Juan Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Bathymetric Distribution ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Northeast Coast ◽  
Scanning Electron

Based on samples collected during the BIOICE project off Iceland, four species of marine annelids belonging to the family Pectinariidae were identified: Amphictene auricoma (O.F. Müller, 1776), Cistenides granulata (Linnaeus, 1767), Cistenides hyperborea Malmgren, 1865 and Lagis koreni Malmgren, 1866. Taxonomic remarks and data on geographical and bathymetric distribution are presented. The distribution of each species off Iceland was evaluated and two patterns were defined: C. granulata and C. hyperborea were mainly found in waters off the northeast coast, while A. auricoma and L. koreni were found on the southern coast. Several body characters with taxonomic value in this family were reviewed under the stereo microscope and scanning electron microscope, with special emphasis on the neuropodial uncini. Remarks on these special chaetae are included in the diagnoses.

Scanning electron microscope study of brochosomes of cercopidae

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
A. S. Frost ◽  
J. S. Gardner ◽  
M. Nielson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

Brochosomes are minute granules secreted by specialized cells lining the lumen of Malphigian tubules in homopteran insects. They have been reported on two different homopteran families, the Cicadellidae (leaf-hoppers) and Membracidae (tree-hoppers), but they have never been reported on members of the family Cercopidae (froghoppers), although they have been suspected to be produced by other homopteran families. These three families all belong to the subgroup Auchenorryncha, and often coexist in the same habitat. Many theories have been proposed regarding brochosome function, but no conclusive results have ever been reported.Scanning electron microscopy was used to study legs of five species of Cercopidae. Brochosomes were observed on legs of Lepyronid batrachoidea (Fig. 1), Clastoptera brunnea (Fig. 2), Philaronia bilineata (Fig. 3), and Aphozphoza media (Fig. 4). None was found on Clastoptera juniperina. The shape of the brochosomes remained fairly consistent on all species except Clastoptera brunnea. Normally the structure was a polyhedron consisting of 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons, appearing hollow and nearly spherical. However, on Clastoptera brunnea, the brochosomes were larger and appeared to be more faceted.

scholarly journals Revision of Cirratulus (Cirratulidae: Polychaeta) from Argentina, with the description of three new species and a key to identify all species of the area

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (S5) ◽  
pp. S169-S182
Author(s):  
M. Andrea Saracho-Bottero ◽  
M. Lourdes Jaubet ◽  
Griselda V. Garaffo ◽  
Rodolfo Elías
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
National University ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Conservation Plans ◽  
Scanning Electron

Introduction: The taxonomy of Cirratulidae is not easy due to the diagnostic characters currently accepted change through ontogeny, in some cases, there are even difficulties to separate juveniles from adults. Among the Cirratulus species cited, described and considered as valid for Argentina are Cirratulus jucundus (Kinberg, 1866), Cirratulus patagonicus (Kinberg, 1866) and Cirratulus mianzanii Saracho Bottero, Elías & Magalhães, 2017. Objetive: This study made a revision of Cirratulus includes material deposited in the Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Plata (MLP) and specimens collected privately by J.M. Orensanz that was donated to the laboratory of Bioindicadores Bentónicos of the National University of Mar del Plata. Methods: The specimens were examined with optical equipment (microscope and stereomicroscope) and also by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: A complete examination of the material, revealed a higher number of species than those already mentioned. In the present work, three new species are described from the intertidal and subtidal areas of the Argentine continental shelf: Cirratulus orensanzii n. sp.; Cirratulus knipovichana n. sp. and Cirratulus alfonsinae n. sp. Conclusions: The knowledge about the taxonomy of the family as well as the updating of the geographic registries contributes to the biodiversity of the region, which is of great importance to carry out both ecological studies and conservation plans.

scholarly journals Fruit micromorphology of Siberian Apiaceae and its value for taxonomy of the family

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-143
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Ostroumova
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using a scanning electron microscope, the fruit micromorphology of the family Apiaceae of Siberia was studied. In total, the study covered 97 species of wild, adventive, and the most important cultivated plants. Within one fruit, micromorphology is heterogeneous; the most informative is the surface of the grooves and the rib bases. Exocarp cells are described (relative position, shape, size, nature of the boundaries between cells, outer walls, and fine relief of the cell wall). Characters most consistent within the species, for example, outgrowths on cell surface and a thin relief of cell wall, are noted. The characteristics of the ridges of the ribs, stomata (their presence, position on the surface of the fruit, and cuticle on the cells adjacent to the stomata), and epicuticular wax are also given. 25 species have hairs, scales, spines or warts on the surface; the shape of these structures and their fine relief are described. The importance of micromorphology for species identification and taxonomy is shown. The wide distribution of parallel variability in the family is noted.

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