scholarly journals Evaluation of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Pediatric Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Murat Doğan ◽  
Binnaz Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Health Organization

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) rapidly spread all around the world and was declared a worldwide pandemic by World Health Organization in March 2020. We aimed to investigate the clinical, demographic and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19 in children admitted to the pediatric emergency triage. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data of children were collected retrospectively and analyzed to compare by symptoms. A total of 213 pediatric cases with COVID-19 were included. Most of the patients were asymptomatic (63.8%). The main clinical features were mild symptoms including fever (7.5%), cough (6.5%), myalgia (6.3%) or no (63.8%). Of the patients who had CT scan, 25% had specific findings of COVID-19. Ground-like opacities were common radiological findings (25%). Symptomatic patients had higher lymphopenia rate (p=0.03), higher CRP and procalcitonin (PCT) values (p=0.04, p=0.04), lower age (p<0.001) and lower neutrophil count (p=0.01). The rate of neutropenia and leukopenia were higher in asymptomatic patients (p=0.15, p=0.05, respectively). The most common cause of transmission in children is family contact. Home isolation was recommended for 89.6% of the patients, 10.3% were hospitalized, 2.3% needed an intensive care unit (ICU). Only one death was reported. We found found that children with COVID-19 are generally mild severe or asymptomatic clinic. Young children were relatively more symptomatic than older children, and those with underlying diseases often needed intensive care unit. The most important laboratory findings difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients are lymphopenia, increased CRP and PCT values (p=0.04 for all three parameter).

scholarly journals Anaesthesia for head and neck surgery: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (S2) ◽  
pp. S23-S27 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Charters ◽  
I Ahmad ◽  
A Patel ◽  
S Russell
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
World Health ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. The anaesthetic considerations for head and neck cancer surgery are especially challenging given the high burden of concurrent comorbidity in this patient group and the need to share the airway with the surgical team. This paper provides recommendations on the anaesthetic considerations during surgery for head and neck cancer.Recommendations• All theatre staff should participate in the World Health Organization checklist process. (R)• Post-operative airway management should be guided by local protocols. (R)• Patients admitted to post-operative care units with tracheal tubes in place should be monitored with continuous capnography. Removal for tracheal tubes is the responsibility of the anaesthetist. (R)• Anaesthetists should formally hand over care to an appropriately trained practitioner in the post-operative or intensive care unit. (G)• Intensive care unit staff looking after post-operative tracheostomies must be clear about which patients are not suitable for bag-mask ventilation and/or oral intubation in the event of emergencies. (R)

Constrictive Pericarditis Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
Maryam Ghadimi ◽  
Mehrnaz Asadi Gharabaghi ◽  
Fereshteh Ghiasvand
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Constrictive Pericarditis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Condition ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Progressive Respiratory Failure ◽  
Health Organization

: Since December 2019, there has been an increasing number of patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) around the world. As of March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with constrictive pericarditis, possibly from the COVID infection. She was presented after a week of fever, persistent dry cough, and diarrhea. She received a single dose of hydroxychloroquine 400 mg, Oseltamivir 75 mg every 12 hours, lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) 400/100 mg every 12 hours, and levofloxacin 750 mg daily. After 24 hours, she was immediately transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) because of dyspnea and progressive respiratory failure with a drop of the O2 saturation to 70%. After a week of progress, her respiratory condition deteriorated again. She was re-admitted to the ICU and she expired. She died due to isolated constrictive pericarditis, most probably caused by SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Chest Physiotherapy in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit With COVID-19: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Lajwanti Lalwani ◽  
Gyanshankar Mishra ◽  
Abhay Gaidhane ◽  
Nazli Quazi ◽  
Amar Taksande
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Chest Physiotherapy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Airway Clearance ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

COVID-19, also commonly known as coronavirus, is presently declared a pandemic disease by the World Health Organisation (WHO). This disease is transmitted by close contact with infected patients who are either asymptomatic or symptomatic. About 5% of COVID-19 patients are admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and present with either pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest physiotherapy may be provided to some patients admitted in ICU who may be broadly classified into the following two groups: 1. Patients suspected or infected with COVID-19 with no underlying lung disease (Other than COVID-19) & 2. Patients suspected or infected with COVID-19 with underlying lung disease (Other than COVID-19). Generally, asymptomatic patients do not require chest physiotherapy, but symptomatic patients do. This literature review discusses the various chest physiotherapy techniques related to body positioning, breathing, airway clearance, and mobilization that can be provided to COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. More importantly, precautions to be taken by the physiotherapist involved in the care of COVID-19 patients in the ICU have also been reviewed.

scholarly journals Clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of COVID-19-infected children admitted to pediatric intensive care unit: a single-center experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Mostafa Ahmed ◽  
Rehab Muhammad Abd El Kareem ◽  
Faten Mohamed Ali ◽  
Ahmed Reda Sayed ◽  
Yasmen Awadalh Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background During the second wave of COVID-19, there is an increasing incidence of reported cases in children compared to the early wave. Data on the clinical and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19 in children are evolving, and reports on the characteristics and outcomes of severe COVID-19 in children are still under evaluation. We aimed to describe the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and outcomes of children with COVID-19 infection admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Results The study included 27 children with COVID-19 infection. Fever, respiratory, and gastrointestinal (GIT) symptoms were predominant presenting symptoms in our patients. The median age of our patients was 9 months (2 m–12 years). Comorbidity was reported in 59.3%. The typical laboratory findings were leukocytosis, lymphopenia, elevated C-reactive proteins levels, and elevated d-dimer levels. The most frequent radiological findings were ground-glass opacities in 100% of patients and bilateral findings in 96%, while cardiomegaly was found in 44% of patients. The multisystem inflammatory syndrome was reported in 33% of patients with GIT symptoms were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Myocarditis was reported in 22% of patients. The mortality rate in this cohort was 14.8%. On multivariate analysis, the only predictor of mortality was the development of MIS-C. Conclusions COVID-19 is more severe in children with comorbid conditions. Fever, respiratory and gastrointestinal (GIT) symptoms were predominant presenting symptoms. MIS-C is of increasing concern in children with high mortality rates.

scholarly journals Role of a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the COVID-19 Pandemia: recommendations from the neonatology discipline

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 894-897
Author(s):  
Werther Brunow de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni Gibelli ◽  
Vera Lucia Jornada Krebs ◽  
Carla Regina Tragante ◽  
Maria Beatriz Moliterno Perondi
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

SUMMARY On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 a pandemic. The Obstetrics and Neonatology disciplines needed to be revised to suit the institutional need to expand intensive care beds to care for confirmed or suspected patients with COVID-19 in the state of São Paulo, following the recommendations of the Institutional Crisis Committee. Three different actions were needed: the structuring of teams and advanced medical post to attend COVID-19-free patients and those with suspect or confirmed COVID-19; elaborating the protocols from the delivery room throughout hospitalization. Some special considerations about breastfeeding and rooming-in were needed. The third action was the drafting of a protocol to admit infants from other hospitals with confirmed COVID-19 as the unit never admitted outpatients before.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalization, severity, criticality, and fatality rates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheen Seedat ◽  
Hiam Chemaitelly ◽  
Houssein Ayoub ◽  
Monia Makhoul ◽  
Ghina R. Mumtaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Infection Disease ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to estimate the age-stratified and overall morbidity and mortality rates of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection based on an analysis of the pervasive SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Qatar, a country with <9% of the population being ≥50 years of age.MethodsInfection disease outcomes were investigated using a Bayesian approach applied to an age-structured mathematical model describing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and disease progression in the population. The model was fitted to infection and disease time-series and age-stratified data. Two separate criteria for classifying morbidity were used: one based on actual recorded hospital admission (acute-care or intensive-care-unit hospitalization) and one based on clinical presentation as per World Health Organization classification of disease severity or criticality.ResultsAll outcomes showed very strong age dependence, with low values for those <50 years of age, but rapidly growing rates for those ≥50 years of age. The strong age dependence was particularly pronounced for infection criticality rate and infection fatality rate. Infection acute-care and intensive-care-unit bed hospitalization rates were estimated at 13.10 (95% CI: 12.82-13.24) and 1.60 (95% CI: 1.58-1.61) per 1,000 infections, respectively. Infection severity and criticality rates were estimated at 3.06 (95% CI: 3.01-3.10) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.67-0.68) per 1,000 infections, respectively. Infection fatality rate was estimated at 1.85 (95% CI: 1.74-1.95) per 10,000 infections.ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality in Qatar was not high and demonstrated a very strong age dependence with <4 infections in every 1,000 being severe or critical and <2 in every 10,000 being fatal. Epidemic expansion in nations with young populations may lead to lower disease burden than previously thought.

scholarly journals Practical challenges of managing COVID-19 positive patients in the adult intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Lal ◽  
Ehtesham Khan ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Malik
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Zoonotic Virus ◽  
Adult Intensive Care Unit ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Severe Disorder

On March 11th, 2020, the WHO (World Health Organization) announced the coronavirus disease (a respiratory tract infection) as a pandemic. It originally outbroke in Wuhan (China) and spread all around the world. It is caused by the beta coronavirus1 (Zoonotic Virus) a member of the severe acute metastasis syndrome-related coronavirus species (SARS-CoV-2) 2, 3. COVID-19 ranges in severity from asymptomatic or moderate to severe; a considerable percentage of patients develop a more severe disorder 1, depending on their co-morbidities. 

FACTORS AFFECTING INTENSIVE CARE AND MORTALITY IN SARS-CoV 2019 HOSPITAL PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Gulfidan Uzan ◽  
Bedriye Kar ◽  
Evren Canel Karakas ◽  
Macit Koldas ◽  
Mehmet Mesut Sonmez
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Hospital Patients

Backround: Information on prognosis and treatment in COVID-19 is limited and variable. We wanted to report the demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological data and treatment and follow-up results of our patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the study and to determine the factors affecting prognosis and mortality. Materials-methods: The study included 1161 inpatients with PCR positive and/or radiologically diagnosed COVID-19 pneumonia. Of these, 151 patients were taken to the intensive care unit and 37 patients were intubated. The data obtained through the system were evaluated retrospectively and observationally. Results: The mean age of 1161 inpatients was 54.5 years and 616 (53.1%) were male. 104 (8.9%) of 1161 inpatients died. 151 (13%) were taken to the intensive care unit. Of these, 37 (24.5%) were intubated. The analysis revealed age(p<0.001), gender(p<0.001), presence of comorbid disease (p<0.001), cough(p<0.001), shortness of breath (p<0.001), fatigue and malaise symptoms (p<0.001) and in the laboratory and signicant correlation was found with some laboratory parameters and some treatment options (p<0.001).When the living and deceased patients were compared; age (p<0.001), gender(p=0.001), presence of additional disease (p<0.001), cough(p<0.001), shortness of breath (p<0.001), malaise and fatigue symptoms (p<0.001), in the laboratory; signicant correlation was found with some laboratory parameters and some treatment options (p<0.001).Conclusion: We believe that these data obtained in our study will be important in predicting prognosis and mortality and in effective patient management. We wanted to emphasize that hydroxychloroquine, favipravir, methylprednisolone and enoxoparin are effective in reducing mortality in the treatment.

scholarly journals Hand hygiene adherence according to World Health Organization Recommendations in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Santos Silva ◽  
Ana Amelia G. Dourado ◽  
Caroline Ramos Eustaquio Cerqueira ◽  
Fernando Hernandez Romero ◽  
Nair Almeida Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the application of hand hygiene technique, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, in the neonatal intensive care unit, at a Maternity in Salvador de Bahia, Brazil. Methods: cross-sectional study. Hand hygiene technique by professional category and alcohol solution consumption were systematically registered. For this task an adapted instrument created by the WHO was used and applied using factsheets. The sample was taken from medical physicians, physiotherapists, nurses and nursing technicians. Results: hand hygiene adherence regarding WHO recommendations was deficient in terms of technique and in terms of frequency (adequate technique ranged from 0% to 13.3% between professional categories). Hand hygiene was frequently ignored (27% between physicians and 51.8% between nursing technicians). The moment right after touching surfaces next to patients was the most ignored one. Alcohol gel solution monthly use was only 35% of the expected value for the unit. Conclusions: despite the international investigations and efforts for better results, the adherence and compliance to the hand hygiene guidelines is still deficient and continues to be a major problem.

scholarly journals Handwashing Practices in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Nurseries in Patan Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Suchita Joshi ◽  
Puja Amatya ◽  
Bibek Poudel ◽  
Saroj Adhikari Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Hand hygiene has been identified as the single most important factor in minimising hospital acquired infections. However, compliance of handwashing guidelines has remained low. The aim of this study was to study the handwashing practices in the Paediatric and Neonatal intensive care units and Neonatal nurseries in Patan Hospital, and secondly to re-evaluate the improvement on compliance of handwashing guidelines after intervention.Methods: Pre-intervention study was conducted by covertly observing the handwashing practices by the healthcare workers. The healthcare workers were then shown the video demonstrating correct methods of handwashing as recommended by World health organization. The cycle was completed by discretely re-observing the handwashing practices following intervention.Results: Sixty five samples were collected initially. Only 6 (9.2%) had completed all steps of handwashing correctly. Post- intervention, 51 samples were collected, out of which 35 (68.6%) had correctly completed all the steps. Following audio-visual demonstration, 100% correctly completed 8/10 steps of handwashing with soap and water. 8 (16%) failed to dry hands using a single use towel and 14 (28%) failed to turn off the tap using elbow. Postintervention, 100% correctly completed 4/7 steps of handwashing using chlorhexidine. Four (15%) still failed to rub backs of fingers to opposite palm, eight (30%) failed to palm to palm with fingers interlaced, and rub thumb to opposite palm.Conclusions: Compliance in hand hygiene is low despite the known fact that it reduces nosocomial infections. However, a simple intervention like video demonstration can improve the compliance among healthcare workers.

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