scholarly journals Investigating the toxicity of tropical reservoir sediments using the Allium test

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
G.R. Quadra ◽  
J.M.S. Campos ◽  
A. Lino ◽  
O. Malm ◽  
Y. Guida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tropical Reservoir ◽  
Allium Test ◽  
Reservoir Sediments ◽  
Global Environmental Issue ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Water pollution is a global environmental issue, and aquatic sediments are important compartments that might act as sinks or sources of contaminants. Once in the environment, inorganic contaminants such as metals can cause cytogenotoxic effects that damage genetic material and harm the aquatic community. Biological assays such as the Allium test can be used to investigate potential cytogenotoxicity of contaminated sediments based on the alterations of cell cycle indexes and chromosomal aberration frequencies. Therefore, we aimed to assess the toxicity of sediments from four Brazilian reservoirs using the Allium test. Sediments were sampled and elutriates were prepared in a simulating sediment resuspension in the water column. The Allium test was applied to the elutriates, and the metals copper, chromium, cadmium, lead, zinc, and iron were quantified. The elutriates derived from reservoir sediments were able to reduce the mitotic and anaphase index, increase the prophase and metaphase index, and boost chromosomal aberrations compared to the negative control. The cytogenotoxic effects observed may be linked to the presence of copper, zinc, and iron. Therefore, our results showed that the Allium test was a sensitive tool for warning the occurrence of genotoxic contaminants in sediment elutriates from four Brazilian reservoirs.

scholarly journals Cadmium, Lead, Copper, Zinc, and Iron Concentration Patterns in Three Marine Fish Species from Two Different Mining Sites inside the Gulf of California, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Elisa Serviere-Zaragoza ◽  
Salvador E. Lluch-Cota ◽  
Alejandra Mazariegos-Villarreal ◽  
Eduardo F. Balart ◽  
Hugo Valencia-Valdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead

In the Gulf of California; mineral deposits have contributed to high metal contents in coastal environments. This study examined cadmium; lead; copper; zinc; and iron contents in three fish species; Kyphosus vaigiensis (herbivore), Stegastes rectifraenum (omnivore), and Balistes polylepis (carnivore) at two mining sites. Metal concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes were estimated using mass spectrophotometry. Also, we assessed the risk to human health from the consumption of these three species based on permissible limits; although only two of them (Kyphosus and Balistes) are consumed as food. Metal concentrations differed among fish species; except for iron. The highest concentrations of metals were not always recorded in the species at the highest trophic level; i.e., Balistes. The highest concentrations (dry weight) recorded were cadmium (0.21 ± 0.03 µg g−1) and lead (1.67 ± 0.26 µg g−1), in S. rectifraenum; copper (1.60 ± 0.49 µg g−1) and zinc (67.30 ± 8.79 µg g−1), in B. polylepis; and iron (27.06 ± 2.58 µg g−1), in K. vaigiensis. Our findings show that each element accumulates differently in particular marine organisms; depending on the physiology of the species and the biogeochemistry of its habitat; which in turn is affected by the anthropogenic activities in adjacent areas. No risk of heavy metals toxicity is expected from the human consumption of the species and sites studied

Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage in an Uranium Deposit

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoyan N. Groudev ◽  
Plamen S. Georgiev ◽  
Irena Spasova ◽  
Marina Nicolova
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Uranium Deposit ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
The Individual

Acid drainage waters generated in the uranium deposit Curilo, Bulgaria, were treated by means of different passive systems such as natural and constructed wetlands, alkalizing limestone drains, permeable reactive multibarriers and a rock filter, used separately or in different combinations. The waters had a pH in the range of about 2 – 4 and contained radionuclides (uranium, radium), heavy metals (copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese), arsenic and sulphates in concentrations usually much higher than the relevant permissible levels for waters intended for use in agriculture and/or industry. The water flow rate through the individual systems was different and not stable, and varied in the range approximately from 0.02 to 1.5 l/s. Efficient removal of pollutants was achieved by means of these systems during the different climatic seasons, even during the cold winter months at water and ambient temperatures close to 0 oC. The removal was due to different mechanisms but microbial sulphate reduction, biosorption by living and dead plant biomass and chemical neutralization played the main roles.

scholarly journals CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATER FLOWS IN THE AREA OF UNALSKY TAILING DUMP AND ARDON RIVER

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzerassa N. Chigoeva ◽  
Inna Z. Kamanina ◽  
Svetlana P. Kaplina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Tailing Dump ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Cadmium Lead

The long history of development of deposits of lead-zinc ores of the Sadonsky mining region led to the formation of extensive halos of chemical pollution of surface watercourses. Aim. The aim of this study is to monitor surface watercourses in the area of the Unalsky tailing dumps and the Kholst deposit by points of sampling of 1992-2004. Sampling was conducted in the summer of 2016. Methods. The content of heavy metals of 2 and 3 hazard classes (Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn and Cu) was studied by atomic absorption. The contribution of the Unaldon River and Unalsky tailing dump to the pollution of the Ardon River. Results. The highest content of cadmium, lead and zinc, significantly exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in the water bodies of cultural and domestic use is found in the Ardon River down from the Unalsky tailing dump. The flow of heavy metals into the Unaldon River with adit waters compared with the observation period of 1992-2004 decreased noticeably. In conditions of a reduction in the production capacity of mining and processing enterprises, the leaching of heavy metals from mountain dumps and excavations make an insignificant contribution to the pollution of the Ardon River in comparison with the Unalsky tailing dump. Conclusion. The state of the Ardon River down from the discharge from the tailing dump corresponds to the "environmental disaster" category. The condition of the rivers Mayramdon and Unaldon according to the content of heavy metals corresponds to a "relatively satisfactory" type.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC AND BIOTIC FACTORS ON THE POPULATION OF BEE COLONIES IN THE RYAZAN REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Е.О. ЛАРЬКИНА ◽  
Д.В. СВИЩУК ◽  
Е.П. ЛАПЫНИНА
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Bee Colonies

Проблема и цель. Целью научного исследования является изучение влияния антропогенных и биотических факторов на популяцию медоносной пчелы Рязанской области. Методология. Объект исследования: пчелиные семьи пасек разных районов Рязанской области, продукты пчеловодства. Для исследования были выбраны четыре участка пасеки, расположенные в границах Рязанской области. Опытные группы (далее ОГ) сформировали следующие участки: Кадомский район, д. Большое Лунино (54°34'58'' N, 42°21'25'' E) – ОГ №1; Захаровский район, д. Фурмакино (54°31'18'' N, 38°57'59'' E) – ОГ №2; Рыбновский район, с. Алешня (54°65'23'' N, 39°34'44'‘ E) – ОГ №3. В качестве контрольной группы (далее КГ) выбрана экспериментальная пасека Рыбновского района, с. Булыгино (54°66'58'' N, 39°26'52'' E). Пробоподготовка осуществлялась в период начала активного медосбора, путем отбора трех образцов каждого природного объекта. Образцы медоносных пчел отбирались от 5 пчелиных семей с каждого исследуемого участка, а также проводился отбор проб воды, медоносных растений и почвы. Для анализа степени пораженности заболеваниями нозематоз и варроатоз от каждой исследуемой пчелиной семьи было отобрано по 50-60 рабочих пчел. Результаты. Проведен сравнительный анализ на содержание токсичных металлов в образцахводы, почвы, теле медоносной пчелы, медоносных растений, пыльцевой обножки. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что содержание кадмия, свинца, цинка и меди в образцах воды, медоносных растений, пыльцевой обножки и теле медоносных пчел находятся в предельно допустимой концентрации. Анализ образцов почвы показал превышение допустимой концентрации во всех исследуемых районах, за исключением Кадомского. Заключение. Загрязнение тяжелыми металлами прослеживается в цепочке: почва – медоносные растения – медоносная пчела – продукты пчеловодства в образцах Захаровского р-на, д. Фурмакино. В связи с этим размещение пасек в местах с повышенным содержанием токсичных элементов в природной среде может создавать угрозу интоксикации медоносных пчел и заноса этих металлов в продукты пчеловодства. Problem and goal. The purpose of the research is to study the infuence of anthropogenic and biotic factors on the population of the honey bee of the Ryazan region. Methodology. Object of research: bee families of apiaries of diferent districts of the Ryazan region, bee products. Four apiary plots located within the boundaries of the Ryazan Region were selected for the study. The experimental groups (hereinafter referred to as OG) formed the following sections: Kadomsky district, Bolshoe Lunino village (54°34 '58" N, 42°21'25" E) – OG No. 1, Zakharovsky district, Furmakino village (54°31'18" N, 38°57'59" E) – OG No. 2, Rybnovsky district, Aleshnya village (54°65'23" N, 39°34'44" E) - OG No. 3. As a control group (hereinafter referred to as the KG), the experimental apiary of the Rybnovsky district, p. Bulygino (54°66'58" N, 39°26'52" E). Sample preparation was carried out during the beginning of the active honey collection, by selecting three samples of each natural object. Samples of honey bees were taken from 5 bee colonies from each study site, as well as water, honey plants and soil samples. To analyze the degree of infection with nosematosis and varroatosis from each studied bee family, 50-60 worker bees were selected. Results. A comparative analysis of the content of toxic metals in samples of water, soil, honeybee body, honey plants, pollen pollen was carried out. The data obtained indicate that the content of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper in the samples of water, honey plants, pollen pollen and honey bees are in the maximum permissible concentration. The analysis of soil samples showed an excess of the permissible concentration in all the studied areas, with the exception of Kadomsky. Conclusion. Heavy metal contamination can be traced in the chain: soil-honey plants – honey bee-bee products in the samples of Zakharovsky district, Furmakino village. In this regard, the placement of apiaries in places with a high content of toxic elements in the natural environment can pose a threat to the intoxication of honey bees and the introduction of these metals into beekeeping products.

scholarly journals Cadmium, lead, zinc and copper content in herbaceous plants overgrowing furnace waste landfill / Zawartość kadmu, ołowiu, cynku i miedzi w roślinności zielnej porastającej składowisko odpadów paleniskowych

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Artur Szwalec ◽  
Paweł Mundała ◽  
Renata Kędzior
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
East West

Abstract Electricity and heat have been produced in Poland by the combustion of coal. Ash-slag, a by-product of this process, has been mainly deposited in landfills. Until the end of 2011, about 258 million tonnes of ash-slag have been deposited in landfills. Herbaceous plant and soil samples were taken from four directions (east, west, south and north) in three locations on the landfill embankment: base, middle and top. The negative influence of furnace waste landfill on herbaceous plants was confirmed by the phytoaccumulation indexes (WF) of the examined elements: WF Cd - medium to intensive; WF Pb - low to medium; WF Zn - low to intensive and WF Cu - low to medium.

scholarly journals Quality Control of Different Types of Honey and Propolis Collected from Romanian Accredited Beekeepers and Consumer’s Risk Assessment

Crystals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mititelu ◽  
Denisa Ioana Udeanu ◽  
Mirela Nedelescu ◽  
Sorinel Marius Neacsu ◽  
Anca Cecilia Nicoara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Multifloral Honey ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Honey is a natural product recognized and appreciated for its nutritional value and therapeutic potential. However, the quality of bee honey is essential because various contaminants can seriously affect consumers’ health. In the experimental part of the work, we analyzed different types of honey (linden, black locust, rapeseed and multifloral honey) and propolis, which were collected from Romanian accredited beekeepers who placed beehives in two areas characterized by different industrial activity: area 1 (A1) is an area with intense industrial activity, with other industries existing nearby, including a refinery, while area 2 (A2) is entirely devoid of industrial activity, but with moderate agricultural activity. A total of 144 samples were collected, twelve samples for each variety of honey, propolis and soil, corresponding to each area analyzed. In addition, seven heavy metals and three pesticides were tested for in the samples collected. Finally, the correlation between the degree of contamination with soil pollutants and the contamination of the bee products harvested from the analyzed areas was studied. Cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and the sum of DDT metabolites exceeded the maximum allowable levels in honey samples, with differences between different types of honey.

The effect of mixed rot from the present tinder (Fomes fomentarius (L.:Fr.) Gill.) on the accumulation of heavy metals in the hanging birch (Betula pendula Roth.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Gnusarev ◽  
N.A. Mitrofanova ◽  
B.P. Churakov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Fomes Fomentarius ◽  
Cobalt Iron ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Zinc Nickel ◽  
Nickel Cadmium

A study was conducted on the effect of mixed rot from the present tinder on the accumulation of heavy metals (copper, zinc, nickel, cadmium, lead, cobalt, iron) by hanging birch Keywords: real tinder, mixed rot, heavy metals, hanging birch.

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