Primul mythos de stânga al literaturii române contemporane

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radu Vancu

Mihai Iovănel’s History of Contemporary Romanian Literature: 1990-2020 is the first leftist major narrative of Romanian literature – and the shockwaves it generated were due even more to this firm ideological option (the first such one in the history of major Romanian literary histories) than to its literary content proper. The present article aims at asserting the main three accomplishments and shortcomings generated by this ideological option – namely that: i) it succeeds in coalescing the first coherent narrative of the last three decades of Romanian literature; ii) it sometimes turns from an ideological option into an ideological bias – and modifies the factuality of Romanian literature, eliminating important writers, exaggerating the qualities of some other ones, searching to distribute merits (to leftist writers) and punishments (to right-wing ones) according with their political option, and not with their literary qualifications; iii) it is an impressive stylistic achievement in itself, even though quite ironically its author disregards the virtues of aestheticism.

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Victor Cobuz

In an era in which literary histories are written by collective of academics trying to transcend the national paradigm in which these works were once wrote, The History of Contemporary Romanian Literature: 1990-2020 by Mihai Iovănel is an intellectual effort that may seem obsolete. Nevertheless, Mihai Iovănel’s book proposes new ways of understanding the contemporary Romanian literary field that were not taken into consideration by previous similar critical endeavours. This paper aims to investigate how The History of Contemporary Romanian Literature constructs an overview of the Romanian fiction wrote in the last three decades and the critical approaches deployed for this purpose. The main interest of this article will be how does Mihai Iovănel discusses Romanian contemporary fiction and how does he instrumentalizes the concept of realism. We will look more closely at the third part of the book, “The Evolution of Fiction,” but the discussion will not omit the relation of this chapter with others. The paper will concentrate on the concepts put forward by Mihai Iovănel to systematize the complex subfield of contemporary Romanian fiction, like capitalist realism, the famous term coined by Mark Fisher. Also, we will try to see how The History of Contemporary Romanian Literature relate to previous literary histories or books of literary criticism that resembles Mihai Iovănel’s work in some respects or that have similar goals but different methods.


Slovo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol How to think of literary... ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Bot

International audience The present article attempts to reflect on the particular status currently “enjoyed” by Eminescu (an important poet for the end of European and Romanian romanticism), who continues to be celebrated in Romanian canonical and scholastic texts as “the national poet.” Today, just like one century ago, he functions as an authoritative political symbol for ideologies in search of local roots and legitimation. Furthermore, he serves as a national‑identity argument in debates completely unrelated to his literary work. Following my studies on this Romanian cultural myth, published over the past twenty years, I now turn to the new Romanian literary histories, the new literary dictionaries, supervised by the Romanian Academy, as well as to some other “officially”‑sanctioned texts, in order to see if (and how) Eminescu’s position in the history of Romanian literature is being reconsidered. What does the perpetuation of the national‑poet myth mean today for the Romanian literary history and for the identity crises experienced by Romanian culture? Dans cet article, je me propose de réfléchir à la situation particulière dont « jouit » Mihai Eminescu (poète très important pour la fin du romantisme européen et roumain), qui continue de nos jours à être célébré, dans les textes canoniques et scolastiques roumains d’histoire littéraire, comme étant « le poète national ». Il continue aussi – comme il y a un siècle – à fonctionner comme un fort symbole politique de toutes sortes d’idéologies en quête de fondements locaux et à servir d’argument « d’identité nationale » dans des débats absolument indifférents à son œuvre littéraire. Dans le sillage des études que j’ai publiées, ces vingt dernières années, sur les formes et implications de ce mythe culturel roumain, j’interroge à présent de nouvelles histoires littéraires contemporaines, des ouvrages lexicographiques récemment publiés sous le patronage de l’Académie roumaine et d’autres textes « institutionnels », afin de voir si (et comment) la position d’Eminescu dans l’histoire de la littérature roumaine est repensée à la faveur d’un nouveau siècle. Quelle est la signification actuelle de la perpétuation du mythe du poète national, pour l’histoire de la littérature roumaine, ainsi que pour les crises identitaires roumaines ? Articolul de față își propune să reflecteze asupra situației particulare de care „se bucură” Eminescu (un poet foarte important pentru sfîrșitul romantismului european și românesc), care continuă să fie celebrat, în textele canonice și scolastice românești de istorie literară, ca fiind „poetul național”. El funcționează astăzi – ca în urmă cu un secol – ca un simbol politic puternic al unor ideologii în căutare de rădăcini locale și servește de argument al identității naționale în dezbateri absolut străine de opera lui literară. In continuarea studiilor pe care le‑am publicat în ultimii 20 de ani, consacrate acestui mit cultural românesc, mă opresc acum asupra noilor istorii literare românești, contemporane, a noilor publicații lexicografice românești patronate de Academia Română și a altor texte „cu valoare oficială”, pentru a vedea dacă (și cum) este regîndită poziția lui Mihai Eminescu în istoria literaturii române. Ce înseamnă perpetuarea mitului poetului național, astăzi, pentru istoria literară românească și pentru crizele identitare ale culturii române?


2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Masalha

In 1948 an official ‘Transfer Committee’ was appointed by the Israeli Cabinet to plan the Palestinian refugees' resettlement in the Arab states. Apart from doing everything possible to reduce the Arab population in Israel, the Transfer Committee sought to amplify and consolidate the demographic transformation of Palestine by: preventing the Palestinian refugees from returning to their homes; the destruction of Arab villages; settlement of Jews in Arab villages and towns; and launching a propaganda campaign to discourage Arab return. One of the Transfer Committee's initiatives was to invite Dr Joseph Schechtman, a right-wing Zionist Revisionist leader and expert on ‘population transfer’, to join its efforts. In 1952 Schechtman published a propagandists work entitled The Arab Refugee Problem. Since then Schechtman would become the single most influential propagator of the Zionist myth of ‘voluntary’ exodus in 1948. This article examines the leading role played by Schechtman in promoting Israeli propaganda and politics of denial. Relying on newly-discovered Israeli archival documents, the article deals with little known and new aspects of the secret history of the post-1948 period.


2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-73
Author(s):  
Paul R. Powers

The ideas of an “Islamic Reformation” and a “Muslim Luther” have been much discussed, especially since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. This “Reformation” rhetoric, however, displays little consistency, encompassing moderate, liberalizing trends as well as their putative opposite, Islamist “fundamentalism.” The rhetoric and the diverse phenomena to which it refers have provoked both enthusiastic endorsement and vigorous rejection. After briefly surveying the history of “Islamic Reformation” rhetoric, the present article argues for a four-part typology to account for most recent instances of such rhetoric. The analysis reveals that few who employ the terminology of an “Islamic Reformation” consider the specific details of its implicit analogy to the Protestant Reformation, but rather use this language to add emotional weight to various prescriptive agendas. However, some examples demonstrate the potential power of the analogy to illuminate important aspects of religious, social, and political change in the modern Islamic world.


Author(s):  
Bryan D. Palmer

This article is part of a special Left History series reflecting upon changing currents and boundaries in the practice of left history, and outlining the challenges historians of the left must face in the current tumultuous political climate. This series extends a conversation first convened in a 2006 special edition of Left History (11.1), which asked the question, “what is left history?” In the updated series, contributors were asked a slightly modified question, “what does it mean to write ‘left’ history?” The article charts the impact of major political developments on the field of left history in the last decade, contending that a rising neoliberal and right-wing climate has constructed an environment inhospitable to the discipline’s survival. To remain relevant, Palmer calls for historians of the left to develop a more “open-ended and inclusive” understanding of the left and to push the boundaries of inclusion for a meaningful historical study of the left. To illustrate, Palmer provides a brief materialist history of liquorice to demonstrate the mutability of left history as a historical approach, rather than a set of traditional political concerns.


Author(s):  
Larisa V. Kolenko

The present article is concerned with the research results of the chronicles of N. Krupskaya Astrakhan Regional Research Library, representing history of the largest regional library of the Volga region in the context of development of the country librarianship as well as regional culture.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Ramon Reichert

The history of the human face is the history of its social coding and the media- conditions of its appearance. The best way to explain the »selfie«-practices of today’s digital culture is to understand such practices as both participative and commercialized cultural techniques that allow their users to fashion their selves in ways they consider relevant for their identities as individuals. Whereas they may put their image of themselves front stage with their selfies, such images for being socially shared have to match determinate role-expectations, body-norms and ideals of beauty. Against this backdrop, collectively shared repertoires of images of normalized subjectivity have developed and leave their mark on the culture of digital communication. In the critical and reflexive discourses that surround the exigencies of auto-medial self-thematization we find reactions that are critical of self-representation as such, and we find strategies of de-subjectification with reflexive awareness of their media conditions. Both strands of critical reactions however remain ambivalent as reactions of protest. The final part of the present article focuses on inter-discourses, in particular discourses that construe the phenomenon of selfies thoroughly as an expression of juvenile narcissism. The author shows how this commonly accepted reading which has precedents in the history of pictorial art reproduces resentment against women and tends to stylize adolescent persons into a homogenous »generation« lost in self-love


2019 ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Kamola Alimova
Keyword(s):  

This article is devoted to the study of English idioms with flora component, their meaning and use in speech. The aim of the work is to define the concept of "idioms", the history of idioms with the component of flora, centuries-old human observations of the world of flora and the attitude of people to this area of reality. The article also reveals the peculiarities of English idioms with flora component important for translation and considers the problem of adequacy and equivalence in translation, as well as the ways of translation of English idioms into Uzbek. The present article is devoted to investigation of idioms with the component of the flora, their importance and use in speech. The aim of the work is to define the concept of "idiom". The history of occurrence of idioms with flora component is considered. Identify the features of idioms that are important for translation and methods of translation of English idiom with the component flora. Ушбу мақола флора компонентига эга бўлган инглиз идиомаларининг мазмуни ва уларни нутқдаги аҳамиятини ўрганишга бағишланган. Мақоланиниг мақсади флора компонентига эга бўлган инглиз идомаларининг моҳияти ва келиб чиқиш тарихини ўрганиш ва флора дунёсининг кўп асрлик инсон томонида кузатилиши ва унга муносабатини кўриб чиқишдан иборат. Шунингдек, мақолада флора компонентига эга бўлган инглиз идиомаларининг ўзбек тилига таржима қилиш жараёнидаги муҳим жиҳатлари, айниқса, таржимада адекватлик ва эквалентлик муаммоси ҳамда таржима қилиш усуллари кўриб чиқилган. Cтатья посвящена изучению английских идиом с компонентом флора, их значению и употреблению в речи. Целью работы является определение понятия идиома, история идиом с компонентом флора, многовековые наблюдения человека за миром флоры и отношение людей к этой области действительности. В статье также раскрываются особенности перевода английских идиом с компонентом флора, рассматривается проблема адекватности и эквивалентности в переводе и способы перевода английских идиом на узбекский язык.


1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kurt Schwerin

In No. 28 of the Bulletin of the International Association of Law Libraries (June, 1972) Dr. Gerhard J. Dahlmanns published “some reflections on the development, aims and purposes” of the I.A.L.L. This article was an excellent survey on the history, policies and problems of the Association at the time when the originally modest Bulletin, under the presidency of Dr. Hans G. Leser, became a full-fledged international periodical. The present article tries to record in greater detail the history of the inception and the first two years of the Association. I have these years in vivid memory, they were years of lively planning in which I was deeply involved.


Author(s):  
Susanne Wagini ◽  
Katrin Holzherr

Abstract The restorer Johann Michael von Hermann (1793–1855), famous in the early nineteenth century, has long fallen into oblivion. A recent discovery of his work associated with old master prints at the Staatliche Graphische Sammlung München has allowed a close study of his methods and skills as well as those of his pupil Ludwig Albert von Montmorillon (1794–1854), providing a fresh perspective on the early history of paper conservation. Von Hermann’s method of facsimile inserts was praised by his contemporaries, before Max Schweidler (1885–1953) described these methods in 1938. The present article provides biographical notes on both nineteenth century restorers, gives examples of prints treated by them and adds a chapter of conservation history crediting them with a place in the history of the discipline. In summary, this offers a surprising insight on how works of art used to be almost untraceably restored by this team of Munich-based restorers more than 150 years before Schweidler.


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