scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF PROPERTIES OF A STRAIN OF TOBAMOVIRUS FROM MUCUNA PRURIENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
O. O. ODEDARA ◽  
A. C. ODEBODE ◽  
J. A. HUGHES
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
End Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

A virus-infected leaf of Mucuna pruriens was collected and tested for an incidence of a virus through biological properties using various plant host range inoculation tests, longevity-in-vitro, dilution-end-point, thermal-inactivation point and electron microscopy. Results of host range inoculation tests showed the following plant species to be susceptible to the virus; Nicotiana tabacum, N. rustica, N. benthamiana, N. glutinosa, N. occidentalis, N. Sylvesris (Speg and Comes) and others. No plant in the family Convolvulacaee, Cucurbitaceae was found to be infected with the virus.  However Chenopodium quinoa and C. murale in the family Chenopodiaceae were infected with symptoms of mottling and necrotic lesions.  In the family Fabaceae, hybrid cowpea line TVu 76, IT84S – 2114 were infected with mosaic, leaf crinkling and severe leaf curl respectively. The virus had a dilution-end-point of 10-6-10-7, thermal-inactivation-point of 95°C in crude sap of TVu 76. The virus is of agricultural importance because of its incidence on seed coats of legumes which are freely exchanged between agricultural stakeholders.      

scholarly journals Summer Cosmos – A Host of Cucumber mosaic virus

1970 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
MS Parvin ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
AHMA Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Local Lesion ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
End Point ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

In order to identify the cause of virus disease-like symptoms developed naturally in Summer cosmos (Cosmos sulphureus) plants at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur campus, a study was conducted during March 2004 to August 2005. The natural symptoms in Summer cosmos were consisted of mosaic, yellowing, shoe-string and leaf curling along with severe stunting of the infected plants. The ailments were found to be sap transmissible. Gomphrena globosa and Chenopodium amaranticolor were found to be good local lesion hosts producing chlorotic local lesion in the inoculated plants. The virus isolates obtained from the infected G. globosa plant had wide host range including Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Ligominosae and Solanaceae. The dilution end point, thermal inactivation point and longevity in vitro were determined as 10-6, 65°C and 10 days, respectively. The host range test, dilution end point, thermal inactivation point and longevity in vitro suggested that the virus was identical to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) detected the virus as CMV. The results of the study revealed that the virus disease-like symptoms naturally manifested in summer cosmos plants was identified as CMV. Key words: Summer cosmos, CMV, virus identification. DOI = 10.3329/jard.v5i1.1463 J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 84-93, June 2007

Centrosema mosaic: A new virus disease of Crotalaria SPP. in Papua and New Guinea

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velsen RJ Van ◽  
NC Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Calopogonium Mucunoides ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

A study has been made of an undescribed virus disease which has been called Centrosema mosaic. Observations on its occurrence and symptoms, and data on its host range and modes of transmission are presented. The virus occurs naturally in the field on Crotalaria anagyroides H.U.K., C. goreensis Guill. & Perr., C. retusa L., C. mucronata Desv., Calopogonium mucunoides Desv., Centrosema pubescens Benth., and Desmodium distortum (Aubl.) Macbride. The host range appears to be restricted to the Leguminosae, and mainly to Crotalaria spp. The virus is mechanically transmissible, has a thermal inactivation point between 55 and 58°C, a dilution end-point of 1 in 2000, and a longevity in vitro of less than 6 hr. It is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by the aphids Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis craccivora (Koch), Myzus persicae (Sulz.), and Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kalt.) var. warei (Theob.) and by two species of plant bugs of the genus Nysius. It is readily transmitted by Cuscuta campestris Yuncker, but not by seed or soil.

scholarly journals Biological and Physico-chemical Properties of Causal Agent of Virus Disease of Coccinia barteri (Hook. f.) Keay in Calabar, Cross River State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
V. E. Uyoh ◽  
O. T. Umoh ◽  
A. T. Toby ◽  
O. M. Umoden
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Virus Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

The physico-chemical properties of the causal agent of virus disease of Coccinia barteri (Hook. f.) Keay were studied. The virus causing the disease was characterized using diagnostic tools such as host range, longevity in vitro, thermal inactivation point, dilution endpoint and aphid transmission. The virus was mechanically transmitted from the natural host (C. barteri) to the healthy test plants in the green house. In the biological properties, the virus was successfully transmitted by Aphis spiraecola (obtained from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob.) from infected Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin to a healthy C. mannii in a non-persistent manner and had a narrow host range limited to the family Cucurbitaceae. In the physico-chemical properties based on crude sap with an unknown virus concentration, beyond which infectivity was lost. It was readily inactivated by heating to 35 – 65°C for 10 minutes in determination of thermal inactivation point. The virus had a longevity in vitro of between 4 – 5 days beyond which it was non-infectious. Symptoms induced by the virus were leaf cupping, mottle chlorosis, blisters, stunted growth, rugosity, leaf malformation and mosaic patterns.

PDO Rotonda’s Red Eggplant Extract: In vitro Determination of Biological Properties and Minerals Bioaccessibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Ortensia Ilaria Parisi ◽  
Mariarosa Ruffo ◽  
Fabio Amone ◽  
Rocco Malivindi ◽  
Domenico Gorgoglione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Oil Red O Staining

Background: The Rotonda’s Red Eggplant belongs to the family of Solanum aethiopicum and it is cultivated in a specific area of Potenza (Basilicata, South of Italy) including villages of Rotonda, Viggianello, Castelluccio Superiore and Castelluccio Inferiore. The Red Eggplant cultivated in this area has gained the PDO, “Protected Designation of Origin”. Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate the use of PDO Rotonda’s Red Eggplant extract as a possible nutraceutical supplement. The antioxidant, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic properties were in vitro evaluated. Methods: The antioxidant activity was investigated by evaluating the scavenging properties against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals and by performing the Ammonium Molybdate and Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The hypoglycemic and antihypertensive activity was studied by evaluating the α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, respectively, inhibiting activity. In order to evaluate the hypolipidemic activity, the pancreatic lipase inhibiting property was determined and Oil Red O staining assay was performed. Finally, to evaluate the possible use of this extract as a minerals supplement, Selenium, Potassium and Chrome bioaccessibility was studied. Results: The obtained results underline the good antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive and hypolipidemic in vitro properties of the PDO Rotonda’s Red Eggplant extract. Moreover, the obtained data show a higher minerals bioaccessibility and this higher value could be ascribable to the natural phytocomplex of PDO Rotonda’s Red Eggplant, which increases the minerals bioaccessibility if compare it with a control sample. Conclusion: The obtained results show that PDO Rotonda’s Red Eggplant extract, might be used as a possible nutraceutical supplement, along with traditional therapies, both for its biological properties and for its minerals bioaccessibility value.

scholarly journals A New Virus Disease of Papaya (Carica papaya) in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
José Adsuar
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
The Family ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point ◽  
The Town ◽  
Yellow Mottling

1. A mosaic virus disease of papaya (Carica papaya) causing yellow mottling, slight wrinkleness of the leaves, and oily spots on the stem but no extreme distortion and deformation of the leaves has been observed in the northwestern part of Puerto Rico near the town of Isabela. 2. The physical properties of the virus are: Thermal inactivation point, 60° C; dilution end-point, 1-100; and it is inactivated in about 72 hours at laboratory temperature (around 74° F.). The virus is not seed- nor soil-transmitted. 3. The virus has been transmitted mechanically thus far only to members of the family Cucurbitaceae belonging to the following genera: Cucumis, Luffa, Citrullus, Lagenaria and Melothria. It has not been possible to transmit mit the virus to plants of the following families: Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Phytolacaceae, Malvaceae, Balsaminaceae, Leguminoseae, Scrophulariaceae, Mimosaceae, and Cesalpinaceae. 4 Cross-protection tests have demonstrated that the Isabela mosaic and the Puerto Rican southern coast papaya mosaic viruses are related. 5. Preliminary experiments indicate that the Isabela mosaic virus may be transmitted by the nematode Trichodorus christiei. 6. The results of extensive inoculation trials have shown that Carica candamarcensis Hook, is resistant to the Isabela mosaic virus.

scholarly journals Lavandula angustifolia Mill. as a natural host of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Kobyłko ◽  
Piotr Dańda ◽  
Beata Hasiów ◽  
Henryk Pospieszny ◽  
Natasza Borodynko
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Subgroup Ii ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A virus was isolated from Lavandula angustifolia Mill. plants exhibiting yellow mottling and distortion of leaves. After mechanical inoculation it induced in the major part of used test plants symptoms characteristic for Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Its standard properties regarding the stability in crude plant sap were as follows: longevity in vitro 1-2 days, thermal inactivation point 55-60°C, dilution end point log10minus 3 - 4. The virus reacted positive with diagnostic antiserum against CMV in DAS-ELISA test. RT-PCR reaction revealed similarity between the investigated isolate and the isolate of CMV from the Netherlands belonging to subgroup II. In the light of the foregoing facts the isolated pathogen can be identified as the Cucumber mosaic virus and Lavandula angustifolia may be regarded as its natural host.

Host range and properties of tobacco stunt virus

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (21) ◽  
pp. 2425-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hiruki
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Tobacco Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Serological Reaction ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

Tobacco stunt virus (TSV) was mechanically transmitted to 41 species in 9 families: i.e., Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae, Pedaliaceae, and Solanaceae. TSV remained infective for 60 h in 0.001 M 1-phenylthiosemicarbazide (1-PTC) in 0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH 6.8, but was infective only immediately after extraction in phosphate buffer. TSV in 1-PTC-phosphate buffer had a thermal inactivation point between 75 and 80 °C and a dilution end point between 10−2 and 10−3. Comparative studies made on reaction of host plants, serological reaction, and cross protection indicate that TSV is unrelated to a California isolate of tobacco necrosis virus.

Tomato black-ring: a new virus disease

Parasitology ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Black Ring ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Private Communication ◽  
Tomato Black Ring Virus ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point

A new virus disease of tomatoes is described for which the name tomato black-ring is suggested. The host range of the virus is wide but no insect vector has yet been identified. The longevity in vitro of the virus is 7 days or longer, the thermal inactivation point is about 58° C. and the concentration of the virus in the host plant is low. Tomato black-ring is essentially a disease of young plants which rapidly lose their symptoms if they survive the severe initial infection. The virus is carried without symptoms by a large number of miscellaneous plants.Note added in proof. In a private communication Kassanis has pointed out that the tomato black ring virus produces enations on the undersides of the leaves of cucumber. The writer has confirmed this but finds that the enations develop only in the greenhouse type of cucumber, never on the outdoor or ridge variety. The enations do not seem to develop under winter conditions.The writer's best thanks are due to Miss Margaret Short for her assistance in this work and to Dr Roy Markham for taking the photographs.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Distribution and Properties of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
A.D. Zadjaii ◽  
A.R. Matrooshi ◽  
S.M. Moghal
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ammi Majus ◽  
Thermal Inactivation Point ◽  
Heliotropium Europaeum

Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AlflMV) was recorded on 21 hosts comprising of four field crops, 14 vegetables, one ornamental plant and two new weed species (Heliotropium europaeum and Ammi majus) belonging to nine families. The virus was identified and confirmed on the basis of its biological, serological (ELISA) and physical properties. The leaves, stem and crown from systemically infected alfalfa plant contained high concentration of the virus. It was nonpersistently transmitted by cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii). The wide host range, including virus reservoirs, seed-borne infection and insect transmission account for high incidence and distribution of AlfMV in the country. The virus isolate had a dilution end point between 1 x 10-3 to l x 10-4, 65-67 °C thermal inactivation point and a few days in-vitro longevity and appears to be similar to the AlfMV-S strain.  

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