scholarly journals ENZYMATIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ACTINOMYCETES SPECIES OBTAINED FROM MAYANUR DAM, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbalagan R ◽  
Sivakami R
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Water System ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Goods And Services

As understanding the impacts of river impoundment will facilitate conservation initiatives in developing countries in tropical latitudes where development of large impoundments continues to threaten rich biological diversity, the present study was attempted to study the fresh water impoundment, Mayanur Dam, situated in the banks of the River Cauvery in Tamil Nadu. Alterations to species composition or community structure, such as those that follow river impoundment, may disrupt the ability of the ecosystem to provide goods and services. One of the primary goals in bioprospecting studies with microorganisms is to enhance the natural product discovery which can be used in pharmaceutical or other industry sectors. As exploration of potential bacteria is an important approach to discovering novel antibiotics to meet the current needs, the present study was attempted to study antimicrobial activity of selected actinomycetes species obtained from Mayanur fresh water system. All the species under study showed the presence of all enzymatic activities except Actinomyces and Micromonospora which did not record chitinase activity. Among the various actinomycetes species, Streptomyces recorded maximum enzymatic activity for all the enzymes except urease. The maximum urease activity was recorded by Actinopolyspora. Among the various species, Micromonospora recorded minimal enzymatic activities with regard to protease, urease, cellulose, and chitinase. The results clearly indicate that all the actinomycetes species recorded antimicrobial activity but at different levels. Among the various actinomycetes species, Streptomyces recorded the maximum zone of inhibition against all the bacteria except Staphylococcus epidermidis. in addition, Streptomyces was the most efficient actinomycetes species against all the bacteria analysed except for S. epidermis where Actinopolyspora recorded the maximum zone of inhibition. Further, the present study also suggested that Streptomyces and Actino

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SOME NOVEL 2‐AMINO-PYRIDINE‐3‐ CARBONITRILE AND 2‐AMINO-4H-PYRAN‐3‐CARBONITRILE DERIVATIVES AGAINST ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
SURENDRA BABU LAGU ◽  
RAJENDRA PRASAD YEJELLA
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Objective Investigation

Objective: Investigation, the series of newer 2‐amino-pyridine‐3‐carbonitrile and 2‐amino-4H-pyran‐3‐carbonitrile derivative were synthesized and evaluated antimicrobial activities and antioxidant activity. Methods: Novel synthesized chalcones were further condensation to give 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine and 2-amino-3-cyanopyrans in the presence of malononitrile, pyridine, and ammonia acetate. The product is characterized by conventional and instrumental methods. Pyridine and 4-H-Pyran and their analogs occupy prime position due to their diverse applications. Results: The compounds A3C and B3C exhibited marked zone of inhibition with 30.02±0.02 mm and 29.06±0.01 mm, respectively. Docking studies suggested possible interactions with dihydrofolic reductase 4 with 9.15 and −9.67 kcal/mol, respectively. The IC50 30.28±0.01 exhibited A3C by 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl methods which is better among the series. The 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives were found good activity than 2-amino-3-cyanopyrane derivative. Among all synthesized compounds few having potent activity and some are near to the standard. Conclusion: Antimicrobial activity and antioxidant of the newly synthesized pyrans and pyridines derivatives will definitely inspire future researchers for the preparation of new analogs.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ARTABOTRYS ODORATISSIMUS R.Br.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Poonam Sethi ◽  
Nandhagopal Karmegam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity

ABSTRACT Artabotrys odoratissimus R.Br.  (Annonaceae) a medium sizes shrub with hooks, sweet smelling flowers and aggregate fruits, was tested for activity against gram negative bacteria. The fruit of the experimental plant was extracted with water, methanol and toluene: methanol (2:1 v/v). Artabotrys fruits showed good antibacterial activity and produced zone of inhibition of 32mm. The methanolic extract of the fruit showed maximum zone of inhibition at 300 ?g/ml against Pseudomonas fluorescens. The present study clearly indicates that A. odoratissimus had a profound antimicrobial   activity and it may be useful in the treatment of various infectious caused by bacteria. Keywords: Artabotrys, Gram Negative Bacteria, Pseudomonas, Zone Of Inhibition

scholarly journals Bark Anatomy of Podocarpus elongatus (Ait) L.Herit and Screening of Phytochemical Constituents with Antimicrobial Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunthathi . ◽  
J. Valentina ◽  
T.V. Poonguzhali
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bark Anatomy ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Background: Conifer Podocarpus elongatus belongs to the family Podocarpaceae and some species of Podocarpus are used in traditional medicine. The present study was undertaken to study the anatomical features of the bark of Podocarpus elongatus (Ait) L.Herit. The study was also focused on the antimicrobial activity and phytochemicals present in the bark extract. Methods: The bark was collected from the P. elongatus from Nilgiri Hills of Ooty, Tamil Nadu. The anatomical structures of the bark were elucidated macroscopically and microscopically by using the sectioning techniques. The phytochemical examination was done to confirm the presence of phytochemical components in the methanol extract. The antimicrobial activity was also studied based on the zone of inhibition. Result: The surface of the bark was highly distinguished from other related species, in the pattern of colour, stripes and thickness. Microscopical study envisaged that periderm is characterised by well distinct, continuous structures of the branchy sclereids with thick undulate, continuous segments that have been originated from a deeper cortex. TLS and RLS of the bark view elucidated that the phloem component appeared to be a vertical plane in the fibres. Phloem rays were found as uniseriate with wide sieve cells. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities of the bark exhibited potential effects against examined bacterial and fungal strains.

Antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of Eupatorium triplinerve Vehl. against some human pathogenic bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Junaid
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of Eupatorium triplinerve Vehl. leaves were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against 11 human pathogenic bacteria and six phytopathogenic fungi. The crude extracts showed good activity against the organisms tested herein. The chloroform extract exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (22 mm in diam with 1000 μg/disc extract) against Vibrio and the highest inhibition of fungal radial mycelial growth (73.5% with 100 μg extract/ml medium) against Colletotrichum corchori. The chloroform extract exhibited the lowest MIC against Vibrio (250 μg/ml) and C. corchori (62.5 μg/ml). It appeared that E. triplinerve could be a potential natural source of new antimicrobial agent.    Key words: Antimicrobial activity, Leaf extract, Eupatorium triplinerve doi:10.3329/bjb.v37i1.1570 Bangladesh J. Bot. 37(1): 89-92, 2008 (June)

scholarly journals Phytochemical constituent and antimicrobial properties of guava extracts of east Hararghe of Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dereje A. Oncho ◽  
Meseret C. Ejigu ◽  
Olyad E. Urgessa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Shigella Boydii

Abstract Background There is a need for the screening more effective, affordable and readily available antimicrobial substances from local medicinal plants or herbs as the pathogenic bacteria are developing the resistance to common antibiotics. Guava (Psidium guajava L.) has antimicrobial activities and it is easily accessible to local populace in tropical region. Antimicrobial properties of guava extracts are attributed to the presence of different phytochemical constituents. The fact that phytochemicals’ constituents vary as a result of geographical locations and literatures about Ethiopian guava with respect to phytochemicals’ composition and content, and antimicrobial activities are hardly available, there is a need to analyze phytochemicals and antimicrobial properties of the Ethiopian guava from Oromia Regional State, Babile and Gursum Districts against Salmonella Typhi, Shigella boydii, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Methods Extraction was done by maceration. Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals was carried out using standard protocol and quantitative phytochemical determination was conducted using spectrophotometric and gravimetric methods. Antimicrobial activities were determined by disc diffusion and broth dilution method. Results Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, steroids and tannin, but the absence of flavonoid and phlobatannin in all Babile and Gursum leaf and bark extracts. Gravimetric measurement showed the highest terpenoid content of 105.00 ± 8.66 mg extract/g of powder in Gursum leaf extract. Similarly, spectrophotometric measurement showed the highest total phenol content of 0.205 ± 0.01 mg/g of the extracts as Tannic Acid Equivalent in Gursum leaf extract. Antimicrobial activity tests revealed that Babile leaf extract showed the highest 13.0 ± 6.79 mm zone of inhibition against Shigella boydii compared to that of other guava extracts. Babile leaf extract showed the lowest 2.375 ± 0.177 mg/ml minimum inhibitory concentration against Shigella boydii, while Gursum leaf extract showed the lowest 1.875 ± 0.884 mg/ml MIC against Salmonella Typhi. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids and tannins in the all extracts, but the absence of flavonoids and phlobatannins in the all extracts and terpenoids in Babile extracts. The highest content of alkaloid and terpenoid (98.67 ± 14.43, 93.33 ± 8.82 mg extract/g of powder, respectively) were found in Babile leaf and Gursum bark extracts, respectively. Antimicrobial activity tests revealed that Babile leaf extracts showed higher zone of inhibition against all clinical isolates than that of Gursum leaf extracts, but Babile bark extracts showed lower zone of inhibition against all clinical isolates than that of Gursum bark extracts. Babile leaf extracts showed the highest zone of inhibition (13.0 ± 6.79 mm) against S. boydii, and Babile bark extracts showed the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (1.250 ± 0.001 mg/ml) against S. Typhi. Conclusion Guava extracts from different location could be source of natural antimicrobial agents with different composition and content. In vivo antimicrobial activity, and isolation, identification and synergy of specific active compound that responsible for the antibacterial activity should be evaluated.

Antimicrobial activity of certain fresh water microalgae from Thamirabarani River, Tamil Nadu, South India

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. S170-S173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justella Wilfred Prakash ◽  
Johnson Marimuthu @ Antonisamy ◽  
Solomon Jeeva
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
South India

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extract from Calycopteris floribunsa

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anapama Saha ◽  
M Shafiqur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Broth Macrodilution ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of Calycopteris floribunda leaves were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against ten human pathogenic bacteria and five phytopathogenic fungi using disc diffusion and poisoned food method respectively. The extracts showed good antibacterial and antifungal activity against the organisms tested herein. The chloroform extract exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (35 mm in diameter with 2 mg/disc extract) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the highest inhibition of fungal radial mycelial growth (71.5% with 100 mg extract/ml medium) was recorded against Alternaria alternata using the same extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined by broth macrodilution method and the lowest was recorded against P. aeruginosa (MIC 250 μg/ml) among the bacterial isolates and A. alternata (125 μg/ml) among the fungal isolates. The crude chloroform extract was found to be active against most of the fungal pathogens. So it may be used as a novel antimicrobial agent for controlling a number of pathogens. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Calycopteris floribunda; leaf extractDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i2.4877 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 2, December 2008, pp 137-139

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of n-hexane and Ethyl acetate extracts of Erythrina stricta Roxb

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Mohammad Musarraf Hussain ◽  
M Mizanur Rahman Mughal ◽  
Md Masud Alam ◽  
Mohammad Golam Dastagir ◽  
AHM Masum Billah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Microbiological Investigation ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The crude n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of E. stricta were subjected to microbiological investigation and were found to be significantly inhibitory to microbial growth, with the average zone of inhibition 12–17 and 10–16 mm, respectively. In the cytotoxic observation, the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts were found to show LC50 of 2.1 and 0.316 mg/ml respectively. Key words: Erythrina stricta; Fabaceae; Antimicrobial activities; Cytotoxicity observation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v27i2.9176 BJM 2010; 27(2): 65-66

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Ficus Palmata Leaves and Their Antimicrobial Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Kothiyal ◽  
S. Saklani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Ficus Palmata ◽  
Column Chromatographic

The aim of this work is to investigate functional compounds analysis and their antimicrobial activity of Ficus palmata leave. In this work some functional compounds were isolated by column chromatographic techniques and identification of their structure by spectroscopic (NMR, IR, Mass, UV, etc.) methods. Catechin, Genistein, ?-Sitosterol and Stigmasterol compounds were isolated. These compounds firstly were isolated from F. palmata leave. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds has been investigated with some different bacterial stains. In this study, it has been shown that zone of inhibition power activities of these compounds showed potent antimicrobial activity as compared to standard drug.

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