Cultural and Economic Evolution, Pluralism, and Categorization in Mexico

2018 ◽  
pp. 135-168
Author(s):  
Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Economic Evolution ◽  
National Policies ◽  
Economic Progress

This chapter shows that Mexican indigenistas eschewed grand theories and approached modernization within a framework that was local and empirical. As a Mexican socialism took hold in the 1930s, they increasingly placed economics and class—rather than ethnicity, culture, or race—at the center of national policies, and they accepted forms of cultural difference that they viewed as compatible with economic progress. Their approach to economics, however, was ethnographic, focusing on specific localities and insistently documenting experts’ inability to reach broader conclusions about the characteristics of the peoples they studied. Somewhat paradoxically, their approach was fundamentally evolutionary, and this chapter examines the complex ways indigenistas reconciled their belief in progress and science with attention to particularity, including strategies of compilation, categorization and taxonomy, and statistical aggregation.

scholarly journals Selecting the special or choosing the common? A high-powered replication of Kim and Markus’ (1999) pen study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Otterbring ◽  
Roopali Bhatnagar ◽  
Michal Folwarczny
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Western Values ◽  
The Common

Kim and Markus (1999) found that 74% of Americans selected a pen with an uncommon (vs. common) color, whereas only 24% of Asians made such a choice, highlighting a pronounced cross-cultural difference in the extent to which people opt for originality or make majority-based choices. Although influential, their original study relied on small sample size (N = 56), falling short of current standards for sample size estimation and power calculations. The present high-powered study (N = 729) replicates the overall findings from Kim and Markus (1999; Study 3), finding that American participants were significantly more inclined to make an uncommon choice (62.5%) compared to their Chinese counterparts (50%). However, our obtained effect size (r = .12) is significantly weaker than that of the original study (r = .50). Interestingly, given the globalization of mass media and the rapid economic progress of many Asian cultures during the last decades, a significantly larger proportion of Chinese, but not American, participants selected a pen with an uncommon color now than during the time of the original study. As such, mass media may have exported certain Western values to cultures traditionally characterized by collectivism and conformity, making such cultures more individualistic.

On Art and Such

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-118
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
African American ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Harlem Renaissance ◽  
Langston Hughes ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Harlem Renaissance

This chapter charts the debates on art and aesthetics that preoccupied writers during the Harlem Renaissance. It is argued that because African Americans had made slight political and economic progress they turned to the arts as the primary site for social justice. The questions generated by the ensuing aesthetic debates about the purpose of racial art, its form, its audience, and the efficacy of cultural difference, reverberated throughout the twentieth century. This chapter also analyzes the formal innovations made by African American essayists. It is shown through the examples of Alain Locke’s intellectual detachment, Langston Hughes’ fiery polemic, George Schuyler’s acerbic satire, and Zora Neale Hurston’s “jagged harmonies” that the essayists of the Harlem Renaissance both formulated and enacted the aesthetic they proposed in their writings.

Institutional Matrix for Russias Modernization

2012 ◽  
pp. 122-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bessonova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evolution ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cyclic Path

This article analyzes the formation of the Russian institutional matrix with regard to its previous development, but in line with the laws of economic evolution. The structure and development of an razdatok-type institutional matrix on three institutional cycles is considered. It is shown that in transformationphases the market institutional matrix masking the quasi-market is used. The author concludes that system crises could be overcome due to the mutual substitution of the two types of institutional matrices, and the cyclic path of Russias development became a consequence of that. The paper claims that the current institutional matrix will provide transition to a new level of high-quality growth only in case of synthesis of market and razdatok mechanisms.

Moral Factor of Social and Economic Progress

2007 ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bogomolov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Moral Atmosphere ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Moral Factor

The article reveals the influence of the spiritual and moral atmosphere in the society on economic development. The emphasis is put especially on the role of social confidence and social justice. The author indicates also some measures on improving the worsening moral situation in Russia.

Transformation of education as a metatrend of the digital economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1960-1979
Author(s):  
N.A. Egina ◽  
E.S. Zemskova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Network Education ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Education Network ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The study focuses on the impact of the digital economy determinants of the education transformation. Objectives. The article provides our own approach treating the education capital as a specific asset of the digital economy, which has an acceleration effect and sets up new trends in education through integrative networks. Methods. The study is based on principles of the systems integration, cross-disciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches. Results. The socio-economic progress was found to be determined with properties of human capital, which are solely specific to the digital economy. In new circumstances, it gets more important for actors of global, national, corporate and social networks to more actively cooperate within distributed networks in order to train high professionals, who would have skills in information networks. Thus, they would raise a new form of human capital – the capital of network education (network-based education capital). We describe positive externalities that arise when the educational sector joins communication processes. We illustrate how educational forms evolves, which are typical of a certain phase of the socio-economic development. The education capital was discovered to grow into a specific asset generating the quasi-rent and working as a social ladder only provided more actors are involved into the network. Conclusions and Relevance. Studying the evolution of educational forms through the cross-disciplinary method, we discovered the need for a system approach, which would help substantiate its transformation in the time of the digital economy, and the emergence of network-based education. These are technologies and tools of the digital economy that become unique factors generating the acceleration effect of the educational capital and ensuring the use of diverse network effects for the formation of intellectual capital and their social transformation.

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