scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTIC OF ENERGY METABOLISM OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OF INTACT RATS

2015 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
N. S. Myshkavets ◽  
A. I. Gritsuk
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tissue Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Energy Dependent

Objective: to study the indicators of tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of the rings of the mucous membrane of the duodenum intact in white rats. Material and methods. We used white male rats with body mass of 180-230 g. The parameters of tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation were studied by the polarographic method on the device «Record 4». Results. The work gives the characteristic of the key parametres of tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine of intact white rats. It shows high respiratory activity both on endogenous, and exogenous substrates, which is caused by the fact that the small intestine perform a great number of energy-dependent metabolic functions. Conclusion. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids make a great contribution to the energy properties of the small intestine. The intensity of tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine is consistent with other aerobic tissues.

scholarly journals GENERAL ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL INTESTINE IN WHITE RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. H. Hryn
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Introduction. The structure of the small intestine in humans and white rats are quite similar. The study of its specific features in white rats is important to supplement and update modern morphological science with data on the course and modelling of certain pathological conditions. Purpose. A detailed study of the anatomical features of the small intestine in white rats is a prerequisite for planning and conducting certain experimental studies. Material and methods. The study was performed on 80 white male rats. The material for the study included removed stomachs with the distal segment of oesophagus, the small and large intestine. Following the removal the organs were fixed with 10% neutral formalin, outer and inner (mucosal) surfaces then were photographed. In other cases, the gastrointestinal tract of animals was filled through the oesophagus with air, physiological saline, and autopolymer plastic (Latacryl-S), and then exposed to acid corrosion, obtaining three-dimensional casts of internal cavities of the stomach, small and large intestine. Results. Having studying the anatomical features of the small intestine of white rats we can distinguish two parts: the initial extra mesenteric part, which can be called the duodenum only by analogy with a similar human section, and its other mesenteric part, in the looped segment of which the border between which the ileal and jejunum division was not found. This segment seems to be designed mainly for the transitive movement of food into the cecum, where their final processing and the formation of faecal masses occur. On the outer surface of the mesenteric small intestine, there are clearly visible groups of lymphoid nodules, known as Peyer's patches.

scholarly journals Planimetric correlations between Peyer’s patches and the area of small intestine of white rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.H. Hryn
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
White Male ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Longitudinal Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

The largest concentration of the local immune system in the form of the nodular associations of the lymphoid tissue with the epithelium of the mucous membranes (tonsils, single lymphoid nodules and their aggregations, named Peyer’s patches) is located in the gut. The paper is aimed at the study of the quantitative and planimetric correlations between the Peyer’s patches and the area of the small intestine of white rats based on the visual assessment and comparative analysis of some metric values. The study was conducted on 60 white male rats, which were assigned into 2 groups of 30 animals: after the morning feeding (controls) and after a daily fasting. After the removal made in advance, the gut-associated complexes have been studied from the stomach to the cecum. The resulting experimental data have been processed on a personal computer using the EXCEL 2010 (Microsoft Excel Corp., USA) software. No significant difference in the diameter and length of the small intestine of white rats of the first and second groups was found. The total area of the small intestine wall in the control group ranged from 8666 mm2 to 20724 mm2, and from 8496 mm2 to 20573 mm2 in group II (after a daily fasting), ranking equally. Thickness parameters of the small intestine in two groups of animals were almost similar in its unchanged, within the limits of individual variability, longitudinal length. To conduct an accurate quantitative and planimetric analysis of the aggregated lymphoid nodules of the white rat’s small intestine, it was advisable to distinguish 3 groups, namely: small-, medium- and large-sized. Thus, their total number varies from 12 to 28 units. Among them 8 to 17 units (on the average of 12.60±0.400) were small-sized, 2 to 11 (5.800±0.500) were medium-sized, and the large ones were not always found. For example, in the studied samples, they were absent in 6 animals, whereas 1 to 5 units were presented in the rest of animals. The area of single small Peyer’s patches ranged from 1.570 to 9.800 mm2, and their total area was 64.90±2.900 mm2; the area of medium samples individually ranges from 10.60 to 27.50 mm2. Totally, they occupy an average area of 97.60±8.00 mm2. The same value of individual large aggregated nodules is between 31.40 and 60.40 mm2, which totally accounted on the average of 58.40±10.30 mm2. Thus, the average statistical value of the total areas of Peyer’s patches is 220.9±14.40 mm2, accounting for only 2% of the total area of the small intestine wall of white rats, not including single lymphoid nodules, not exceeding 1 mm.

THYMUS VARIABILITY IN WHITE RATS EXPOSED TO FORMALDEHYDE

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
V.N. Voloshin ◽  
I.S. Voloshina ◽  
I.Yu. Vash
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Generalized Procrustes Analysis ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Formaldehyde Inhalation

The aim of the paper is to study thymus variability in white rats, which were exposed to formaldehyde, and to compare these data with the indicators in control animals. Materials and Methods. The trial enrolled 72 white male rats, initial body weight 40–50 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups (36 rats in each). The first group consisted of control rats. Animals of the second group were exposed to formaldehyde inhalation, 2.766 mg/m3. To characterize the variability of the organ size, centroids were determined. The superposition of landmark configurations was performed using the generalized Procrustes analysis method, MorphoJ 1.06d program. The principal component analysis and canonical analysis of the obtained data were carried out. Results. One-Way ANOVA revealed a high level of intergroup differences in Procrust distance (F=1.34; p<0.0001). The significant effect of the duration of formaldehyde exposure on centroid size was established. The Kruskal-Wallis criterion was 19.778 (p=0.0014). The analysis of the principal components indicated that each of the first 10 components stands for more than 1 % of Procrustes coordinate variance. In this case, the first 7 components compatibly explain 91.398 % of thymus variability. The proportion of the first main component to the total variance of the Procrustes coordinates is 40.236 %. PC1 (-) shows changes in the thymus shape, mostly affecting the tops of its lobes, the middle part of the right boundary and the entire left thymus boundary. The scattering ellipses of the thymus ordinates in rats exposed to formaldehyde, in the first two canonical variables are located higher than those in the control animals. Conclusion. Formaldehyde inhalation leads to thymus changes in white rat. The most significant differences with control data are determined along the second canonical variable. Keywords: thymus, form, rat, formaldehyde, geometric morphometry. Цель. Изучение изменчивости формы тимуса белых крыс, находившихся в условиях влияния формальдегида, и сравнение этих данных с показателями, полученными у контрольных животных. Материалы и методы. Работа выполнена на 72 белых крысах-самцах с начальной массой тела 40–50 г. Животные были разделены на 2 серии (по 36 крыс). Первую серию составляли контрольные крысы. Животные второй серии подвергались ингаляционному воздействию формальдегида (ФА) в концентрации 2,766 мг/м3. Для характеристики изменчивости размеров органов определяли размер их центроидов. Процедуру суперимпозиции конфигураций ландмарок выполняли методом генерализованного прокрустова анализа с использованием программы MorphoJ 1.06d. Проводили анализ главных компонент и канонический анализ полученных данных. Результаты. Однофакторный дисперсионный анализ выявил высокий уровень межгрупповых различий по показателю прокрустовых расстояний (F=1,34; р<0,0001). Установлено значительное влияние продолжительности нахождения животных в условиях воздействия ФА на размер центроида. Критерий Краскела–Уоллиса составил 19,778 (р=0,0014). Анализ главных компонент указывал на то, что каждая из первых 10 компонент объясняет более 1 % дисперсии прокрустовых координат. При этом первые 7 компонент совместно объясняют 91,398 % изменчивости формы тимуса. Вклад первой главной компоненты в общую дисперсию прокрустовых координат составляет 40,236 %. РС1 (–) показывает изменения формы тимуса, в большей степени затрагивающие верхушки его долей, среднюю часть правого контура и весь левый контур тимуса. Эллипсы рассеивания ординат тимусов, принадлежащих крысам, подвергавшимся влиянию ФА, в пространстве первых двух канонических переменных расположены выше по отношению к таковым контрольных животных. Заключение. Ингаляционное воздействие формальдегида приводит к изменению формы тимуса белых крыс. Наибольшие различия с контрольными данными определяются вдоль второй канонической переменной. Ключевые слова: тимус, форма, крыса, формальдегид, геометрическая морфометрия.

scholarly journals Determination of the cumulative and skin-resorptive action of the Zoodizin disinfectant

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
O. L. Nechyporenko ◽  
A. V. Berezovskyy ◽  
T. І. Fotina ◽  
R. V. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Skin Irritation ◽  
White Male ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
White Female ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Single Effect

The rational organization and implementation of effective disinfection activities plays an important role in the complex of measures for the prevention of infections. The development and introduction of new disinfectants into production is an urgent issue of modern poultry farming. When developing a disinfectant, it is important to determine the cumulative effect of the drug. The purpose of the study was to determine the cumulative and skin-resorptive action of the disinfectant “Zoоdizin”. For the toxicological study of the drug used healthy white male rats and white female rats weighing 200 ± 10 g 1.5 years of age. To study the toxicity of the drug “Zoоdizin” when applied to the skin used the method of immersion of the tails of rats in a test tube with the test substance. The tail was injected 2/3 into a regular tube with a 5 % solution of the drug “Zoоdizin”. The tube was closed with a cork ring whose diameter was slightly larger than the tail diameter. For 15 days, the tubes were placed daily in a water bath at 28–30 °C for 2 hours. Control animals tails were immersed in distilled water. To establish the local action of the drug “Zoodizin” on the mucous membranes of the study drug was introduced into the conjunctival sac of the right eye of the rabbit at a dose of 50 mg, and in the left eye was buried saline in a volume of 0,05 cm3. When studying the cumulative effect of Zoоdizin, no significant changes in the biochemical parameters in the serum of rats were observed. In the study of possible irritant or damaging effect on the skin and the development of contact non-allergic dermatitis found that a single application of disinfectant “Zoоdizin” on the unaffected skin of the back of white rats in the maximum significant recommended concentration of working solutions (2 %) did not cause signs. The single effect of the drug on the intact areas of the skin did not cause skin irritation, but it can be stated that prolonged daily epicutaneous exposure of high concentration (5 %) of the solution of the drug “Zoоdizin”, which is 2.5 times higher than the maximum recommended concentration, caused a general resorption. When assessing the cumulative properties, it was taken into account that the total dose administered to rats was Zodizin 42000 mg/kg body weight and did not result in animal death. It did not allow to calculate the cumulative coefficients for the “lethal effect”. A single effect of the product on the intact areas of the skin did not cause skin irritation, but it can be stated that prolonged daily epicutaneous exposure of a high concentration (5 %) of the Zodizin solution, which is 2.5 times the maximum recommended concentration, caused a general resorption. In the future, it is planned to study the virulidal properties of the biocide “Zoоdizin”.

scholarly journals Morphological features of the wall of common bile duct under the conditions of experimental opioid exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
L.R. Mateshuk-Vatseba ◽  
I.I. Hirniak ◽  
U.Y. Pidvalna
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
White Male ◽  
Acute Cholangitis ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The Common

The morphological condition of the bile ducts remains one of the most important problems of modern medical science. In order to obtain an analgesic effect in patients with acute cholangitis, opioids are often used. However, information on the effectiveness of opioids in the treatment of pathological conditions of the bile ducts is contradictory. The rapidly progressive destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts associated with the use of narcotic agents has been described. Further study of the effect of opioids on the structural organization of the common bile duct is relevant. In order to establish the morphological state of the common bile duct under conditions of long-term opioid exposure, a study was performed on 24 sexually mature white male rats, aged 3.5-5.0 months and weighing 180-200 g, which were injected intramuscularly with Nalbuphine for 6 weeks. The study material is represented by histological specimens of the common bile duct of white rats. The “Aver Media” computer system was used to photograph microspecimens. The “ImageJ” computer program was used to measure the diameter of the lumen and the wall thickness of the common bile duct. After 2 weeks of Nalbuphine administration to white rats, plethora of wall microvessels and a significant increase in the longitudinal diameter of the lumen of the common bile duct were observed. After 4 weeks of the experiment, the common bile duct was dilated, the transverse and longitudinal diameters of its lumen almost doubled, pathological changes in its wall had all the signs of inflammation. In the later stages of the experiment (introduction of Nalbuphine for 6 weeks), the pathological changes increased and manifested by destructuring the wall of the common bile duct, disorganization of cholangiocytes, thinning of the cell layer due to detachment of cholangiocytes, polymorphism of their nuclei, destruction of intercellular junctions, stratification of its own plate, vacuolar dystrophy of the muscular membrane “varicose” expansion of venules, significant smooth muscle hyperplasia of arterioles, the presence of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates in the duct wall.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS WITH ACUTE GENERALIZED PERITONITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Dzyubanovsky ◽  
B. M. Vervega ◽  
S. R. Pіdruchna ◽  
N. A. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Fecal Suspension

The main cause of mortality in acute generalized peritonitis (AGP) is the development of multiple organ insufficiency. The intestine is the organ where the first changes develop in this pathology. The aim of the study – to research and evaluate the morphological changes in the small intestine wall of animals with experimental AGP. Materials and Methods. 32 white rats were used in this study. Acute peritonitis was modeled by introduction of 10 % fecal suspension in the dosage of 0.5 ml per 100 g of the animal's weight into the abdominal cavity of rats by puncture. The terms of observation: the 1st, 3rd and the 7th days from the beginning of the peritonitis modeling. For histological study the intestinal tissue was taken. The resulting pieces of the organ were fixed in a 10 % neutral formalin solution, which were then stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results and Discussion. On the 3rd day of the experiment in animals with a modeled AGP, vascular changes were manifested first of all by the rounding (retraction) of endothelial cells or their desquamation and the appearance of defects, that allow plasma proteins and the formed elements of blood to leave circulation boundaries of the vascular bed. On the 7 th day in animals with a modeled AGP increased vascular permeability of the mucous membrane of the small intestine was accompanied by a significant edema of the stroma of the villi and by focal hemorrhages. Conclusion. Consequently, the distinct inflammatory changes in all terms of the injury were seen in the wall of the small intestine at the simulated AGP. The significant expansion of the capillaries and venules against the background of inflammatory infiltration in the stroma of the glandular component of the small intestine was noted on the 1st day from the beginning of the experiment. An increase in the height of intestinal villus and a crypt with retraction and desquamation of endothelial cells in the wall of vessels, which caused platelet adhesion in the areas of destruction was observed on the 3rd day. The areas of focal necrosis of the superficial epithelium, which were accompanied by multiple hemorrhages per diapedesis in the perivascular space of the mucous membrane, were seen in the wall of the small intestine of animals with a simulated AGP on the 7th day.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IMUNOPHAN ON MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PEYER'S PATCHES IN SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS UNDER IMMUNOSUPPRESSION INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
E.N. Morozova ◽  
V.N. Morozov ◽  
A.V. Tverskaya
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intact Rats

The aim of the study is to analyze morphometric parameters and histological structure of Peyer's patches in the small intestine of rats after imunofan administration under immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphan. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on 36 white male rats (210–250 gramms). The animals were divided into two groups. Rats of Group 1 were injected with cyclophosphamide on the 1st day of the experiment (200 mg/kg). On the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th days they received imunofan (0.7 μg/kg). Group 2 consisted of intact rats. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment on the 7th, 30th, and 90th days after imunofan administration. The authors measured the length and width of Peyer's patches, and the distance from the ileocecal angle to the first patch. We also examined the height and width of lymph nodes and internodal zones on histological sections. Results. On the 7th and 30th days of our study the length and width of Peyer's patches increased by 18.71 %/16.94 % and 3.56 %/24.22 % respectively in mature animals, compared with the intact rats. At the same time, the distance from the ileocecal angle to the 1st Peyer’s patch decreased by 6.15 % and 19.80 %. The micrography showed that the height and width of the lymph nodes of Peyer's patches in experimental animals increased by 29.79 %/12.73 % (Day 7) and 10.49 %/12.46 % (Day 30) in comparison with the intact rats. The linear sizes of internodal zones increased by 39.35 %/10.33 % (Day 7) and 4.77 %/4.25 % (Day 30). By the 90th day, the macroscopic parameters of Peyer's patches, the height and width of their lymph nodules and internodal zones approxomated those of intact animals. Conclusion. When using imunofan under experimental immunosuppression, macro- and micromorphometric parameters of Peyer's patches of the small intestine of mature rats gradually approximated those in intact rats, which indicated the leveling of cyclophosphan immunosuppressive effect. Key words: rats, small intestine, Peyer's patches, imunofan, cyclophosphan. Цель исследования – изучение морфометрических параметров и гистологического строения пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки крыс после введения имунофана на фоне иммуносупрессии, вызванной циклофосфаном. Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось на 36 белых крысах-самцах массой 210–250 г. Животные были разделены на две группы. В I группе крысам в 1-е сут эксперимента вводился циклофосфан в дозе 200 мг/кг, на 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-е сут – имунофан в дозе 0,7 мкг/кг массы тела; II группу составили интактные крысы. Животные выводились из эксперимента на 7, 30, 90-е сут после завершения введения имунофана. Измерялись длина и ширина пейеровых бляшек, а также расстояние от илеоцекального угла до первой из них, а на гистологических срезах – высота и ширина их лимфатических узелков и межузелковых зон. Результаты. У половозрелых животных на 7-е и 30-е сут наблюдения длина и ширина пейеровых бляшек увеличивалась на 18,71 и 16,94 % и 3,56 и 24,22 % соответственно по сравнению с данными интактных крыс, а расстояние от илеоцекального угла до первой из них уменьшалось на 6,15 и 19,80 %. При микроскопическом исследовании высота и ширина лимфатических узелков пейеровых бляшек были больше по сравнению с данными интактных крыс на 29,79 и 12,73 % (7-е сут), 10,49 и 12,46 % (30-е сут), а линейные размеры межузелковых зон – на 39,35 и 10,33 % (7-е сут), 4,77 и 4,25 % (30-е сут). К 90-м сут макроскопические параметры пейеровых бляшек, а также высота и ширина их лимфатических узелков и межузелковых зон приближались к данным интактных животных. Выводы. При использовании имунофана на фоне экспериментальной иммуносупрессии значения исследуемых макро- и микроморфометрических параметров пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки половозрелых крыс в ходе эксперимента постепенно приближались к аналогичным показателям интактных крыс, что свидетельствует о нивелировании иммуносупрессивного эффекта циклофосфана. Ключевые слова: крысы, тонкая кишка, пейеровы бляшки, имунофан, циклофосфан.

scholarly journals Features of angioarchitectonics and structure of the aortic wall of white rats in the early stages of experimental diabetes mellitus

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
M.N. Tsytovskyi ◽  
M.V. Logash ◽  
I.I. Savka ◽  
G.M. Dmytriv
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Imagej Software

Background. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, as well as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease (probably caused by atherosclerosis), are the leading cause of disability and mortality in people with diabetes. Objective. The purpose of our study was to determine the histostructural features and morphometric analysis of the components of the aortic wall and its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 2 and 4 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Methods. The samples for the histology were the sections of the wall of the ascending part, the aortic arch, and the descending part of the aorta of 26 mature white male rats weighing 100 - 160 g. For morphometric examination, a series of images of the aortic wall was taken using a Meiji MT4300 LED microscope with an x40 objective, x10 eyepiece. Results and conclusion. The measurements were carried out using the ImageJ software. The development of micro- and macroangiopathies in experimental animals with 8-week streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was histologically proved. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference of all morphometric parameters of both - the components of the aortic wall and the vessels of its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 4 weeks of experimental diabetes in comparison with the norm, control, and the 2-nd week of the experiment. An explicit dependency of the severity of destructive changes in the wall of the aorta and links of its hemomicrocirculatory bed of vessels on the duration of the experiment was determined.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF GINGIVAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE COMPONENTS OF RATS IN THE LATE TERMS OF CHRONIC OPIOID INFLUENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fik V. B.
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Gingival Mucosa

The aim of this study was to examine the morphometric parameters of the thickness of the epithelial plate of the gingival mucosa, the height of the connective tissue papillae and the diameter of the lumen of hemomicrovascular white rats in the dynamics after eight, ten and twelve weeks of chronic opioid exposure. Experimental studies were performed on white male rats of reproductive age. For twelve weeks, rats were injected intramuscularly with the opioid analgesic nalbuphine at increasing average therapeutic doses of 0.212 to 0.3 mg/kg body weight. Fragments of rat jaws were used for histological and morphometric studies. Based on the analysis of the obtained morphometric parameters of the studied components of the gums, it was found that in the late stages of chronic opioid exposure there was a significant decrease in epithelial thickness and connective tissue papillae and a significant increase in the lumen diameter of hemomicrocirculatory progression of inflammatory-dystrophic changes in periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) Seed Against White Male Rats Using Paw Edema Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Khairani Fitri ◽  
Tetty Noverita Khairani ◽  
Kristin Tiurma Sianturi ◽  
Leny Leny ◽  
Ihsanul Hafiz
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity test of ethanol extract of lotus seeds in rats induced by carrageenan. The research method used was experimental. The object used in this study was male white rats. Observations were made for 6 hours and then the data were analyzed using the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The anti-inflammatory activity test was carried out on the test animals which were divided into 5 groups, 3 each with the suspension test group with a dose of 200, 300, 400 mg/kg bw, the negative control group was the CMC Na 1% suspension and the positive control was diclofenac Na 2, 25 mg/kg bw. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G) was proven to have an anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced male white rats at doses of 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg BW with the percentage value of inflammation inhibition at the 6th hour was 65.79, 74.65 and 80.77%, with the most effective dose in reducing anti-inflammatory drugs being 400 mg/kg bw. The ethanol extract of the seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) has anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: anti-inflammatory activity, Nelumbo nucifera, paw edema

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