Policing's Dark Secret: The Career Paths of Ethnic Minority Officers

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Career Pathways ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
Black Teenager ◽  
The Common ◽  
British Experience ◽  
Minority Officers ◽  
Female Officers

The article responds to the Macpherson Inquiry into the police investigation of the murder of the black teenager Stephen Lawrence by assessing the prospects for the recruitment and advancement of ethnic minority officers in British police forces. It notes the central importance under the common law of a police force which reflects the norms and standards of the community, and traces the relative impact on police/public relations of attempts to change police practice by policy and by statute. It highlights aspects of police culture which have obstructed the career advancement of both female and ethnic minority officers and compares the British experience with that in the U.S.A. A parallel is drawn between the ‘threshold’ analyses of the recruitment and advancement of female officers as a means to change the police organisation and the conditions under which ethnic minority officers could challenge racialism within the police. The article closes by considering the importance of career progression of those ethnic minority officers who have been recruited, and notes a puzzling lack of research into their career pathways.

Trials of loyalty: Ethnic minority police officers as ‘outsiders’ within a greedy institution

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby Peterson ◽  
Sara Uhnoo
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Police Organization ◽  
Security Officers ◽  
Minority Officers ◽  
New Recruits

In this article we interrogate how ethnicity interfaces with the police culture in a major Swedish police force. While addressing administrative levels, in particular police security officers’ screening of new recruits, we focus on the role that loyalty plays in defining how ethnicity interacts with mechanisms of exclusion and inclusion in the structures of rank-and-file police culture. The police authorities, perceived as ‘greedy institutions’, demand and enforce exclusive loyalty. We argue that ethnic minority officers are rigorously tested as regards their loyalty to their fellow officers and to the police organization, and the demands made on their undivided loyalty and the misgivings as to their unstinting loyalty act as barriers to inclusion in the organization.

Does Training Produce Professional Policing?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel G. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Police Corruption ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Minority Officers ◽  
Female Officers

The chapter uses contemporary policing problems and challenges to evaluate how well training prepares recruits, auxiliaries, detectives, and managers for the police role. It reviews patterns of police corruption, misconduct and complaints against officers and considers whether, and how well, training helps police forces counter such problems. It also notes instances of positive responses to failures of service delivery. The discussion moves on to examine the challenge that diversity poses for the police, both at a cultural level and in respect of the specific experience of female officers, ethnic minority officers, and officers with alternative sexual orientations. The lessons of sickness, stress and injury on duty are considered in relation to how effectively training and supervision helps counter these. A discussion of public confidence and trust is used to address the concept of police legitimacy and to place it in relation to the acquisition of professional competence.

Empowering Women in Blue Uniforms—Gender and Police in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanta Singh ◽  
Sultan Khan
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Work ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Police Service ◽  
Female Police Officers ◽  
South African Police ◽  
Female Officers

Gender in the police force has received scant attention by researchers, although there are complex social dimensions at play in how male and female law enforcement officers relate to each other in the workplace. Given the fact that males predominate in the police force, their female counterparts are often marginalised due to their sexual orientation and certain stereotypes that prevail about their femininity. Male officers perceive female officers as physically weak individuals who cannot go about their duties as this is an area of work deemed more appropriate to men. Based on this perception, female officers are discriminated against in active policing and often confined to administrative duties. This study looks at how female police officers are discriminated against in the global police culture across the globe, the logic of sexism and women’s threat to police work, men’s opposition to female police work, gender representivity in the police force, and the integration and transformation of the South African Police Service to accommodate female police officers. The study highlights that although police officers are discriminated against globally, in the South African context positive steps have been taken to accommodate them through legislative reform.

scholarly journals ACTS OF “SOFT” LAW AS REGULATORS OF PRIVATE LAW RELATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Муратова ◽  
Olga Muratova
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Legal Effect ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Common ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Methods Of Learning

The article covers the question of the enforcement of acts of “soft” law — unformal sources of regulation of public relations. It is pointed in the article, that though acts of “soft” law are not the sources of law in traditional understanding, such acts are important practical regulators of private-law relations. The author gives the common characteristic of acts of “soft” law, makes comparative analyses with legal acts. Although the most attention in the article is paid to the legal effect of the enforcement of acts of “soft” law, first of all, from the view of regulation of private-law relations. While preparing the article the complex of methods was used, which lay on the basis of systematical and dialectical concepts. The main conclusion of the issue is the acknowledgement of the fact of the exercising of influence by the acts of “soft” law on regulation of private-law relations. This article is based on a combination of methods of cognition, which amounted to a systematic and dialectical approach. The author appeals to the general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) and to the specially-legal methods of learning: formal-legal, comparative legal, structural and functional.

scholarly journals TANGGUNGJAWAB KEPOLISIAN NASIONAL TIMOR LESTE TERHADAP TINDAKAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DI KOTA DILI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Hernanes Delfim Alves Silva
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Public Issues ◽  
Special Unit ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Empirical Law ◽  
The Common ◽  
Issue Public ◽  
National Police

Household violence as an internal household issue, public issues are in handle openly through law mechanism. In response to the increasing cases of household violence, the Timor leste government then also formulate it as one of the common offenses in constitution number 7 of 2010 about household violence. This is a research by using empirical law research method, the result found two things, firstly, the special unit for the handling of victim of household violence within the scope of the national police of Timor Leste does not yet have an adequate law basis in regulating its duties and responsibilities, because the authority of the special unit is delegatively derived from the general authority owned by national police investigation agency. Second, even if there is no special law umbrella, the special unit still carries out its duties and responsibilities even if it is inadequate. The absence of special law umbrella and inadequate task and responsibilities of special unit  unsupported by human resources. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga sebagai persoalan internal rumah tangga semata, persoalan publik ditangani secara terbuka melalui mekanisme hukum. Menyikapi meningkatnya kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, pemerintah Timor Leste juga kemudian merumuskannya sebagai salah satu delik umum dalam Undag-undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2010 tentang Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Penelitian dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empirik, hasil menemukan dua hal. Pertama, Unit Khusus Penanganan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga dalam lingkup Kepolisian Nasional Timor Leste belum memiliki landasan hukum yang memadai dalam mengatur tugas dan tanggungjawabnya, karena kewenangan dimiliki unit khusus secara delegatif sebagai turunan dari kewenangan umum yang dimiliki oleh Badan Investigasi Kepolisian Nasional Timor Leste. Kedua, sekalipun tidak memiliki payung hukum khusus, namun Unit Khusus tetap melaksanakan tugas dan tanggungjawabnya sekalipun tidak memadai. ketiadaan payung hukum khusus, ketidakmemadaian pelaksanaan tugas dan tanggungjawab unit khusus tidak didukung oleh sumberdaya manusia

Exploring Gendered Environments in Policing: Workplace Incivilities and Fit Perceptions in Men and Women Officers

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-450
Author(s):  
Rachael M. Rief ◽  
Samantha S. Clinkinbeard
Keyword(s):  
Police Culture ◽  
Women Officers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Police Organizations ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Female Officers ◽  
Field View

Research indicates that women are still underrepresented in policing and that police culture is not fully accepting of its sisters in blue. As police organizations strive toward building an inclusive workforce, we must understand how women, already in the field, view their place and experiences within their jobs, organizations, and workgroups. Thus, in the current research, we use a comparative sample ( n = 832) of male and female officers to examine perceptions of fit in the job, organization, and workgroup, and how these perceptions relate to reports of workplace incivilities. Findings indicate that women "fit in "with the job and the broader agency, but they are less likely than men to feel they belong within their workgroup. This relationship was partially mediated by workplace incivilities, indicating that women’s experience of subtle forms of discrimination partially explains their lower levels of fit in their workgroup.

Perceptions of identity management in police-civilian interactions: considering the role of gender and race

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Den Houter ◽  
Deepshikha Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Identity Management ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
News Article ◽  
White Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Racial Biases ◽  
Race Effects ◽  
Minority Officers ◽  
Female Officers

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess if in viewing tense, potentially stigmatizing, police-civilian interactions, people bring their own gendered and racial biases, as they form perceptions of officers' use of identity management (IM) strategies, as they relate to officers' competence, warmth and appropriateness of actions.Design/methodology/approachIn two experimental studies, the authors investigate how the IM strategies used by female and racial minority officers impact officers' ratings of competence, warmth and appropriateness of actions. Utilizing a 2x2x4 design, the authors manipulate officer gender (race), civilian gender (race) and IM strategy used by the officer in a news article describing a police-civilian interaction.FindingsNot all IM strategies established positive perceptions of officers. Gender and race effects were observed in how officers were seen when they were involved in a tense interaction with a civilian. Female officers were perceived as more appropriate in their actions than male officers. However, Black, female officers were rated as both less warm and appropriate in their actions than White, female officers.Originality/valueAlthough policing is seen as a tainted profession, officers' use of IM strategies is understudied. By taking a novel lens of stigmatization and IM strategies as they relate to policing, the authors contribute to how officers may manage their identities as they cope with the stigmatized views of their occupation. Findings have implications for the diversification of law enforcement personnel, as well as building trust and legitimacy between officers and the communities they serve.

Students Focus on What They Want

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Davis
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Ethnic Minority Group ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Student Opinion ◽  
Low Expectations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Local Students

As part of a consultation exercise conducted by LTSN Engineering, three focus groups have been facilitated to provide a snapshot of student opinion on learning and teaching in engineering subjects. The three institutions visited were a campus university and two city universities, one postand one pre-1992. The pre-1992 institution had a high proportion of local students from an ethnic minority group. Although there were some local differences, there were some comments that were repeated during all three sessions. This paper will report the results of the focus groups, identifying the common themes that were of importance to the students within their own learning experiences, including methods that helped them to learn. It is interesting to note that the students had fairly low expectations and identified easy to implement activities.

Another Anti-Trust Tradition: Canadian Anti-Combines Policy, 1889–1910

1973 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bliss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
The Common ◽  
British Experience

Professor Bliss suggests that the Canadian anti-trust tradition was much more similar to the British experience than to the policies adopted in the United States. At no time, he argues, did Canadian legislation significantly expand the common law prohibition of undue or unreasonable restraints of trade, and the few prosecutions after 1900 had no significant effect in inhibiting the thrust of business resistance to market forces.

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