Testing the adequacy of a simple theoretical model of dehydration optical clearing of collagen bundles: OCT measurements

Using optical coherence tomography, the scattering coefficients of collagen bundles are estimated at different levels of tissue hydration. We test the validity of a simple theoretical model of dehydration changes in the optical characteristics of a collagen bundle, which is considered as a system of parallel cylinders that model the collagen fibrils forming the bundle. The characteristics of scattering by individual scatterers are calculated using the Mie theory. To take into account the cooperative effects caused by the close packing of the scatterers, use is made of the standard packing function for a system of identical cylinders. The theoretical model also relies on a certain empirical law of changes in the hydration level of fibrils with a change in the water content in the tissue, which predetermines changes in the diameter and refractive index of fibrils during dehydration and rehydration of the tissue. It is shown that the theoretical estimates obtained using this model are in good agreement with the experimental data, which makes it possible to consider this model as reliable.

Pelaksanaan Tradisi Perkawinan Merariq (Besebo) Suku Sasak di Lombok Timur

The Merariq (Besebo) Marriage Tradition is a traditional marriage tradition in the Sasak Tribe, starting from the Memaling incident, also called stealing on the basis of the consent of a woman whose rights are still in the power of her parents, to prove as a form of chivalry as well as a form of the man's seriousness to marry the girl. Every Merariq profession has values ​​or morals of life that can become a guide for life for the community. The purposes of this study are to reveal the implementation of the merariq (besebo) marriage tradition in the Sasak tribe in East Lombok and the application of the merariq (besebo) marriage tradition according to Law No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). The type of research used is Empirical Law research with a statutory approach and case approach. Data collection techniques in normative legal research are carried out by literature studies on legal materials. Sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary data. The data analysis technique is done by analytical descriptive. The results of the study revealed that the merariq tradition in the Sasak Tribe area has a picture of the marriage tradition with various rituals, where the traditional rituals are able to provide social value, and a moral message that is very attached to the Sasak people in East Lombok.

Implementasi Syari’at Islam di Aceh: Studi Kasus Peranan Da’i Perbatasan di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang

This study aims to discuss the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh, especially regarding the role of border preachers in Aceh Tamiang District, Aceh Province. This research is a study of the sociology of law or empirical law that discusses the law in reality or the reality in people's lives. There are two data collection techniques used, namely literature review and in-depth interviews. This study concludes that the border preacher is a program of the Islamic Shari'ah Service which aims to support the implementation of Islamic law in border areas and remote areas in Aceh. Namely in the regions, Singkil, South Aceh, Subulussalam, Simeulu, Southeast Aceh, and Aceh Tamiang. Especially in Aceh Tamiang, the border preacher has carried out his duties and functions well, namely carrying out religious recitation activities, recitation of al-Qur’an education park, strengthen aqidah and maintaining religious harmony in society. Thus, in the context of the sociology of Islamic law applied in Aceh, it has a positive impact on the community in the sense that people are religiously obedient, their religious knowledge increases, strong aqidah and religious life becomes harmonious.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen yang Dirugikan Atas Kelalaian Pelaku Usaha Cuci Sepatu di Denpasar Timur

Public interest in shoes is a special need, shoes are in great demand by millennials because they are useful for protecting feet. The habit of collecting these shoes arises from the desire of humans to keep their goods so they don't get damaged quickly and stay clean for a Long time. However, there are still cases of damage to shoes that cause Losses to consumers and there is no responsibility from the shoe washing service. The research method used is the type of empirical Law, empirical legal research aims to find facts, and conduct interviews. There are internal and external factors that cause damage to consumer shoes by business actors. So that responsibility for losses cannot be carried out unilaterally between business actors and consumers because there are Legal remedies that can be taken if they are harmed. Lack of knowledge and understanding fromconsumers, makes the position of consumers lower than business actors. So with the existence of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, both parties need to know so that their rights and obligations are not violated.

Penyelesaian Kredit Macet Melalui Upaya Litigasi di Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Surya Mandiri di Kabupaten Gianyar

Economic developmentin era globalization increasing, with finance becoming necessity for every human being. research problems are: What factors cause bad credit at Surya Mandiri Savings and Loans Cooperative Gianyar Regency and how bad credit settlement efforts through litigation at Surya Mandiri Savings and Loan Cooperative Gianyar Regency This type research used Empirical Law. the factors that cause bad credit in cooperatives are internal factors that cause bad credit originating from the cooperative itself, external factors are factors that cause bad credit originating from customer side. Non-litigation is settlement of disputes outside the court that closed to public and the confidentiality of the parties guaranteed. Litigation dispute resolution is dispute resolution carried out through the court. It can be concluded that factors that cause bad credit at Surya Mandiri Savings and Loan Cooperative in Gianyar Regency are internal factors and external factors. The settlement of bad credit at Surya Mandiri Savings and Loan Cooperative in Gianyar Regency can be done by non-litigation and litigation. should not only pursue profit, but must be more assertive and apply the principle of prudence and Head of the cooperative credit department must be more careful providing loans to borrowers.

PENANGANAN BENDA SITAAN DAN BARANG RAMPASAN NEGARA DI RUMAH PENYIMPANAN BENDA SITAAN NEGARA KELAS I MAKASSAR

Tulisan ini memiliki tujuan agar memahami mengenai tentang penanganan basan atau benda sitaan dan baran atau barang rampasan Negara yang dilaksanakan oleh Rumah Penyimpanan Benda Sitaan Negara (RUPBASAN) Kelas I Makassar dan mengetahui apa saja yang dialami serta dan mengetahui upaya penyelesaian setiap masalah yang dialami. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dan merupakan Hukum Empiris. Tempat penelitian dilaksanakan di kantor RUPBASAN kelas I Makassar. Hasil penelitian yang di peroleh dari wawancara pihak RUPBASAN dan pihak kejaksaan sedangkan data pendukung lainnya didapatkan dari bahan pustaka termasuk peraturan yang berlaku yang berkaitan dengan data yang sudah didapatkan pada saat pengumpulan data. Tekhnik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif dengan cara kualitatif menggunakan tiga tahapan yakni tahap mereduksi data, tahap penyajian data dan tahap menarik kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dan kemudian dianalisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa langkah-langkah Penanganan basan maupun baran di RUPBASAN Makassar terdiri atas :penerimaan basan/baran, penelitian basan/baran,pendaftaran basan/baran, penyimpanan basan/baran, pemeliharaan basan/baran,pemutasian baran/basan, penyelamatan basan/baran, pengamanan basan/baran, pengeluaran basan/baran, dan penghapusan basan/baran serta pelaporan basan/baran. Selama pelaksanaan Penanganan Benda Sitaan di RUPBASAN Kelas I Makassar masih terdapat masalah yakni tekendala dalam bidang internal maupun bidang eksternal. Sehingga dibutuhkan usaha penanganan kendala tersebut dalam proses Penanganan Benda Sitaan dan Barang Rampasan Negara di Rupbasan Kelas I Makassar. This paper aims to understand the handling of state confiscated objects and seized goods carried out by State Confiscation House Class I (RUPBASAN) Makassar and to know what has been experienced and to know the resolution of any problems experienced. This research is descriptive and is an empirical law. This research was conducted in the Office of RUPBASAN Class I Makassar. The results of the research were obtained from interviews with RUPBASAN and the prosecutors while other supporting data were obtained from library materials including applicable regulations relating to the data that was obtained during data collection. The data analysis technique used was an interactive model in a qualitative way using three stages, namely the stage of reducing data, the stage of presenting the data and the stage of drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the research obtained and then analyzed, it can be concluded that the steps for handling confiscated objects and loot in RUPBASAN Makassar consist of: acceptance of confiscated objects and seized goods, research, registration, storage, maintenance, mutation, salvage, protection, removal, and elimination as well as reporting of confiscated objects and seized goods. During the implementation of the Handling of Confiscated Objects at RUPBASAN Class I Makassar there were still problems, such as obstacles from internal and external. Therefore, it takes an effort to handle these obstacles in the process of handling State Confiscated Objects and Seized Goods at RUPBASAN Class I Makassar.

Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Peredaran Produk Kesehatan Ilegal di Era Pandemik Covid-19 Di Kota Ambon

This study swapped to know and analyze the protection of the law against consumen over the illicit circulation of health products in the covid-19 pandemic in the city of Ambon and the takes of the territory of the illegal health products in the covid -19 pandemic in the city of Ambon. The study was a sociolegal research. Which is the combination of research methods of doctrinal law research and empirical law research methods. The study was conducted in the municipal administration of Ambon, in the city of Ambon health services, in the industry and commerce of the province of Maluku and in the large hall of the Maluku drug and food centers. This type of data is primer data and seconder data through literature studies and interviews shown by the study shows that quality monitoring in done by both preventive and repressive governments in the pandemic covid-19 of Ambon, it is a legal protection for consumers against illegal health products that are unqualified and consumer helath standards and health that are circulated on the market according to prevailing legislation regulations.

Robustness of Empirical Evidence for the Democratic Peace: A Nonparametric Sensitivity Analysis

The democratic peace—the idea that democracies rarely fight one another—has been called “the closest thing we have to an empirical law in the study of international relations.” Yet, some contend that this relationship is spurious and suggest alternative explanations. Unfortunately, in the absence of randomized experiments, we can never rule out the possible existence of such confounding biases. Rather than commonly used regression-based approaches, we apply a nonparametric sensitivity analysis. We show that overturning the negative association between democracy and conflict would require a confounder that is forty-seven times more prevalent in democratic dyads than in other dyads. To put this number in context, the relationship between democracy and peace is at least five times as robust as that between smoking and lung cancer. To explain away the democratic peace, therefore, scholars would have to find far more powerful confounders than those already identified in the literature.