scholarly journals Covid-19 Trending Neologisms in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3(16)) ◽  
pp. 207-228
Author(s):  
Jelena Ilić Plauc ◽  
Ivona Šetka Čilić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Qualitative Design ◽  
New Words ◽  
Online Newspaper ◽  
And Function ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected every single aspect of life including conversational practices both online and offline. New lexical and sociolinguistic changes have become part of our lives, which is especially vivid in the emergence of Covid-19 trending neologisms. The present study utilizes the descriptive-qualitative design in the analysis of morphological structures of neologisms in Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian languages. Specifically, the paper is based on the analysis of morphological structures of the neologisms that use the discourse of the Covid pandemic as a base/modifier, i.e., that contain either corona- / korona-, coronavirus- / koronavirus-, Covid-19- / Kovid-19-, and Covid- / Kovid- as a base of the neologism. The dataset consists of over 10,000 headlines related to Covid-19 information, found and collected in online newspaper sections Koronavirus – Dnevni Avaz (Bosnia and Herzegovina) between March 2020 and March 2021. The results show that there is an intensive usage of the Covid-19 neologisms, which manifests the dynamics of language as new words are used, added, and integrated into conversational practices daily. Moreover, the majority of these neologisms use the discourse of the Covid pandemic as a base/modifier. This paper aims to shed light not only on the meanings of the new words and their structure and function, but it can also serve as a foundation for creating a special Covid-19 glossary on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

scholarly journals A new role for narrative in variationist sociolinguistics

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Variationist Sociolinguistics ◽  
Central Interest ◽  
Narrative Functions ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
And Function ◽  
Narrative Syntax ◽  
Shed Light

Labov and Waletzky’s (1997[1967]) path-breaking description of “narrative syntax” arose in the context of variationist sociolinguistic research, and narrative continues to be an important source of data for variationist’ work. In most of this work, however, narrative is not the object of study. Variationist sociolinguists are interested in the structure and function of sounds, words, and phrases found in narrative data, but they have not typically asked how the structure and function of narrative itself might bear on the questions about linguistic variation and language change that define their field. Here I suggest that close attention to the structure and function of narrative can, in fact, shed light on a topic of central interest to variationists, namely vernacular norm-formation. I argue that narratives about encounters with linguistic difference help create shared orientations to particular sets of nonstandard linguistic features and link them with region, class, and other sources of identity. I further suggest that narrative functions particularly well as a vehicle for language-ideological differentiation (Gal & Irvine, 1995) of this sort.

Structure and function of secretory glochids and nectar composition in two Opuntioideae (Cactaceae) species

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 425-437
Author(s):  
Stefany Cristina de Melo Silva ◽  
Silvia Rodrigues Machado ◽  
Massimo Nepi ◽  
Tatiane Maria Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Median Region ◽  
And Function ◽  
Similar Amino Acid ◽  
Shed Light

Cactaceae exhibit highly modified spines that are considered to be extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). Despite their ecological and taxonomical relevance in this family, little is known on their structure and function. We have described the anatomy, ontogenesis, and ultrastructure of the secretory glochids in two Opuntioideae species. Young cladodes of Brasiliopuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) A. Berger and Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck were processed for light and electron microscopy studies. The composition of the secretions was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The secretory glochids were soft, massive, and barbed, as well as translucent. Hyaline droplets on the secretory glochid apex were collected by aggressive ants. The secretory glochids originated from the areolar meristem, beginning as small protuberances formed by protoderm and ground meristem. Mature secretory glochids consisted of a central multiseriate axis of ground cells covered by uniseriate epidermis with a continuous cuticle, and exhibited three regions: (i) dilated vascularized base with parenchyma cells exhibiting features associated to nectar secretion; (ii) elongated median region with juxtaposed fusiform non-lignified parenchyma cells; and (iii) tapered apical portion with immature fibers loosely arranged cells. The exudate was sucrose-dominant with a similar amino acid profile in both species. Our results shed light on the secretory activity of glochids in Cactaceae and their role in cactus–ant interactions.

scholarly journals Attitudes

Psychology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay K. Wood ◽  
Leandre R. Fabrigar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Tremendous Impact ◽  
Shed Light

The attitude construct is one of the oldest and most-studied constructs in social psychology, and as such, it has had a tremendous impact on the social sciences over the past century. This long history notwithstanding, a historical review of the attitudes literature reveals a construct whose popularity has waxed and waned over the decades and that has generated a number of passionate debates. One area of contention over the years is probably the most fundamental: what exactly are attitudes? Although the definition of the term attitude has gone through many incarnations since its early definition as a “mental and neural state of readiness” (Allport 1935, cited under General Overviews, p. 810; see also the special issue of the journal Social Cognition 25.5 for a variety of perspectives on the definition of attitudes), most current researchers use the term to refer to a valenced evaluation of something, be it a person, object, concept, event, action, etc. (i.e., the attitude object). Most theorists consider attitudes to be relatively enduring (i.e., they are typically not transitory like phenomena such as mood states); however, the extent to which they are stable and enduring would be expected to fall on a continuum, and is determined by factors such as variations in cognitive structure. Furthermore, many contemporary researchers suggest that a distinction can be made between attitudes that are deliberative and within an individual’s control, and those that are nondeliberative and automatic (i.e., explicit versus implicit attitudes). Much of the research on attitudes has focused on issues such as the structure and function of attitudes, how they influence behavior and judgment, how they can be changed, and even whether we need them and if they exist at all. The citations that were chosen for inclusion in this article were selected for a number of reasons: Some are particularly comprehensive or well-written overviews of a topic, others are seminal works or significantly advance our understanding of the construct, and still others shed light on a particular point of contention in the literature. The article begins with General Overviews, Textbooks, and selective Journals that publish high-quality attitudes research and review articles. Next, attention is turned to measurement issues in attitudes research. The largest section of the article is devoted to Attitude Formation and Change (i.e., persuasion), as this is the subtopic that has historically received the most attention from attitudes researchers, as is indicated by the corresponding volume of literature. The article then looks at attitude structure and function before concluding with coverage of the potential impact of attitudes on behavior.

scholarly journals Kajian Terhadap Landasan Filosofi Pantun Minangkabau

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erizal Gani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Design ◽  
And Function ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The purpose of this research is to reveal (1) the nature of Minangkabau quatrains, (2) fundamental philosophy of Minangkabau quatrains and (3) the functions of Minangkabau quatrains. This research is uses the descriptive qualitative design. The results of the research show that (1) Minangkabau quatrains use Minangkabau language as means of communication, follow the philosophy of “from, by and for” Minangkabau society which are inspired from things related to Minangkabau and its thinking pattern and come from Minangkabau society, (2) the fundamental philosophy of Minangkabau quatrains is “alam takambang jadi guru”, (3) Minangkabau quatrains have some multifunctions for the life of the Minangkabau society. Keywords: minangkabau’s magic spells, fundamental philosophy, and function.

Electron Microscopy in Cytology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
F. S. Sjöstrand
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Biochemical Technique ◽  
And Function ◽  
Shed Light

The electron microscope as a tool for recording structural data at the molecular or supramolecular level will be discussed, particularly in connection with the important demonstration by means of electron microscopy of membranes as the most common type of supramolecular structure in cells. Structural analysis as a technique aiming at collecting information that can shed light on the function of living systems has gained tremendously by extending the range of study to molecular and intramolecular dimensions. Correlation of structure and function will be emphasized.Electron microscopy as applied to the analysis of the circuitry of nervous centers will be discussed.The basic problems involved in the application of electron microscopy to biochemical problems where the biochemical technique is used to analyze problems in cell physiology will be illustrated by proper examples.Some important prospects for future application of electron microscopy in Biology will be mentioned.

scholarly journals Regulatory inter-domain interactions influence Hsp70 recruitment to the DnaJB8 chaperone

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. Ryder ◽  
Irina Matlahov ◽  
Sofia Bali ◽  
Jaime Vaquer-Alicea ◽  
Patrick C. A. van der Wel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Hsp70 Chaperone ◽  
Domain Interactions ◽  
J Domain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThe Hsp40/Hsp70 chaperone families combine versatile folding capacity with high substrate specificity, which is mainly facilitated by Hsp40s. The structure and function of many Hsp40s remain poorly understood, particularly oligomeric Hsp40s that suppress protein aggregation. Here, we used a combination of biochemical and structural approaches to shed light on the domain interactions of the Hsp40 DnaJB8, and how they may influence recruitment of partner Hsp70s. We identify an interaction between the J-Domain (JD) and C-terminal domain (CTD) of DnaJB8 that sequesters the JD surface, preventing Hsp70 interaction. We propose a model for DnaJB8-Hsp70 recruitment, whereby the JD-CTD interaction of DnaJB8 acts as a reversible switch that can control the binding of Hsp70. These findings suggest that the evolutionarily conserved CTD of DnaJB8 is a regulatory element of chaperone activity in the proteostasis network.

Structure and function of neural networks in the retina

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Peter Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Visual Axis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Cat Retina ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
And Function ◽  
Insight Into

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.

Osseointegration interface of calcified bone and endosseous implants

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1096-1097
Author(s):  
K.E. Krizan ◽  
J.E. Laffoon ◽  
M.J. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Endosseous Implants ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Function

With increase use of tissue-integrated prostheses in recent years it is a goal to understand what is happening at the interface between haversion bone and bulk metal. This study uses electron microscopy (EM) techniques to establish parameters for osseointegration (structure and function between bone and nonload-carrying implants) in an animal model. In the past the interface has been evaluated extensively with light microscopy methods. Today researchers are using the EM for ultrastructural studies of the bone tissue and implant responses to an in vivo environment. Under general anesthesia nine adult mongrel dogs received three Brånemark (Nobelpharma) 3.75 × 7 mm titanium implants surgical placed in their left zygomatic arch. After a one year healing period the animals were injected with a routine bone marker (oxytetracycline), euthanized and perfused via aortic cannulation with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.2. Implants were retrieved en bloc, harvest radiographs made (Fig. 1), and routinely embedded in plastic. Tissue and implants were cut into 300 micron thick wafers, longitudinally to the implant with an Isomet saw and diamond wafering blade [Beuhler] until the center of the implant was reached.

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