Potential targets for preclinical diagnostics of acute kidney injury in covid-19 patients (review of literature)

An relevance of the topic was defined by the high occurrence, unfavorable prognosis, lack of diagnostic techniques for early stages of acute kidney injury (AKI) disclosed in patients with COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019). Screening of medical literature for selection of AKI preclinical biomarkers was considered as main aim of this review. More than 200 publications from Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI), Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE were reviewed. Such risk factors as hypoxemia, increased intrathoracic pressure associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), hypertension (HT) involving endothelial dysfunction, and Diabetes mellitus were considered to be associated with AKI. There were explicated cytopathic and immune-mediated (cytokine-induced) mechanisms of COVID-19 associated AKI pathogenesis. Multiple methodological approaches were defined for detection and identification of the biomarkers based on urine proteome and metabolome screening. Perspective ways in the preclinical diagnostics of AKI such as detection of the markers of injury of the hypoxia-sensitive proximal canaliculi and the ATP metabolites that reflect first stages of the energy metabolism disorder in the epithelium lining canaliculi were identified in this study. The instantaneous and non-invasive investigation of different markers was regarded as possible method of the prognostication. The accuracy of the diagnosis on the initial stages of AKI, substantiate for preventive start of therapy, and make projections on the disease`s outcome will be improved due to the identification of high-sensitive specific biomarkers.

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Molecular markers of acute kidney injury (review)

Nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal «Patogenez» ◽

10.25557/2310-0435.2021.02.24-33 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 24-33

Author(s):

Л.Д. Мальцева ◽

Д.Ю. Лакомова ◽

Д.А. Морозов ◽

Н.Б. Захарова ◽

З.Ш. Манасова ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Early Stages ◽

High Incidence ◽

Low Sensitivity ◽

The Cochrane Library

Несмотря на высокую частоту встречаемости острого повреждения почек (ОПП), диагностика его ранних этапов затруднена в связи с низкой чувствительностью и специфичностью стандартных методов исследования. Общеклинические и биохимические показатели крови и мочи не позволяют прогнозировать течение и исход патологии. Целью данного обзора явилась систематизация литературных данных относительно молекулярных маркёров ОПП. Проведён анализ белее ста источников по таким базам индексирования, как Scopus, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library. Учитывались как факторы риска возникновения и прогрессирования заболевания, так и механизмы развития ОПП, а также маркеры его диагностики и прогноза исходов. Подробно представлены генетические аспекты возникновения и развития ОПП и перспективные методы ранней диагностики. Установлена возможность использования молекулярных маркёров для определения степени тяжести процесса. Предполагается, что идентификация конкретных генов и биомаркёров начальных стадий ОПП улучшит диагностику и поможет прогнозировать течение заболевания и его исходы. Despite the high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), diagnosis of its early stages is difficult due to low sensitivity and specificity of standard study methods. General clinical and biochemical blood and urine tests cannot predict the course and outcome of the disease. The aim of this review was to systematize reports of molecular markers for AKI. More than a hundred sources indexed in Scopus, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library were analyzed. Both risk factors of AKI onset and progression and its mechanisms, and its diagnostic and predictive markers were included in the analysis. The review focused on genetic aspects of AKI onset and development and on promising methods for early diagnosis. A possibility of using molecular markers to determine the AKI severity has been demonstrated. The authors suggested that identifying specific genes and biomarkers for early stages of AKI would improve the diagnosis and the prediction of AKI course and outcome.

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Validity of Klotho, CYR61 and YKL-40 as ideal predictive biomarkers for acute kidney injury: review study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0099220516 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 57-65

Author(s):

Osama Mosa ◽

Milan Skitek ◽

Ales Jerin

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Medical Center ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Novel Biomarkers ◽

Review Study ◽

The Cochrane Library

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still a headache for clinicians and scientists as a possible reason for increased death among intensive care unit (ICU) patients after invasive cardiac surgery. Furthermore, the diagnostic process for AKI using conventional biomarkers is not sufficient to ensure early warning of this condition because of the morbid influence of non-renal factors that definitively delay the time for the prognosis. These imposed limitations have led to significant amounts of research targeted towards identifying novel biomarkers for AKI with a sustained degree of sensitivity and specificity. Here, we reviewed previous studies conducted on the Klotho, CYR61 and YKL-40 biomarkers in relation to AKI. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of the literature conducted in the Institute of Clinical Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Slovenia. METHODS: The literature was searched in PubMed and the Cochrane Library. From the database of this specialty, we selected 17 references that matched our context for detailed analysis and further investigation. RESULTS: The studies reviewed showed notable differences in their results relating to the diagnostic impact of Klotho, CYR61 and YKL-40 on early prediction of AKI. CONCLUSIONS: The results regarding the Klotho, CYR61 and YKL-40 biomarkers showed markedly equivocal performance in the previous studies and did not fulfill the expectations that these factors would form valid possible biomarkers for AKI.

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MO398DETERIORATION OF RENAL OUTCOMES AND INCREASED MORTALITY RISK DUE TO ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF COHORT STUDIES

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab082.0052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Boby Pratama Putra ◽

Felix Nugraha Putra

Keyword(s):

Liver Transplantation ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Orthotopic Liver Transplantation ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Random Effect ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Ckd Progression ◽

Renal Outcomes

Abstract Background and Aims Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) procedure is increased as incremental end-stage liver disease patients’ prevalence. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of most common post-OLT complications that is associated with poor renal outcomes and increased mortality risk although the results are still inconclusive. This study aims to measure the risk of deterioration of renal outcomes and mortality risk due to AKI incidence in post-OLT patients. Method We did comprehensive searching using predefined terms in online databases of Pubmed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and The Cochrane Library, to include all relevant studies from 2000-2020. We included all cohort studies that reported AKI incidence in post-OLT patients and accessed the risk of 3-month renal replacement therapy (RRT) need, 1-year chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, and 1-year mortality rate. We used The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort study for accessing bias risk. We conducted analysis to pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effect heterogeneity test. Results We included 10 cohort studies met our inclusion criteria. The AKI incidence significantly both increases the need of RRT in post-OLT patients (pooled RR = 8.41. 95% CI = 2.82 to 25.09, p = 0.0001, I2 = 0%) then leads the CKD progression in one year (pooled RR = 6.76. 95% CI = 2.03 to 22.51, p = 0.002, I2 = 84%). The post-OLT patients who suffered from AKI has significant incremental 1-year mortality risk (pooled RR = 7.27. 95% CI = 4.34 to 12.18, p<0.00001, I2 = 5%). Conclusion The incidence of AKI in post-OLT patients significantly increase the deterioration of renal outcomes and mortality risks. However, further trials are needed to establish the causalities.

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Rates, predictors and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18145/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jie feng Liu ◽

Hebin Xie ◽

ziwei ye ◽

Lesan Wang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Septic Shock ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Cumulative Number

Abstract Objective:The incidence and mortality of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury is high. Many studies have explored the causes of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). However, its predictors are still uncertain; additionally, a complete overview is missing. A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed to determine the predisposing factors for sepsis-induced AKI. Method: A systematic literature search was performed in the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Web of Science databases, with an end date parameter of May 25, 2019. Valid data were retrieved in compliance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Forty-seven observational studies were included for analysis. A cumulative number of 55911sepsis patients were evaluated. The incidence of AKI caused by septic shock is the highest. 30 possible risk factors were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that 20 factors were found to be significant. The odds ratio(OR),95% confidence interval (CI) and Prevalence of the most prevalent predisposing factors for sepsis-induced AKI were as the following: Septic shock[2.88(2.36-3.52), 60.47%], Hypertension[1.43(1.20-1.70),38.39%), Diabetes mellitus[1.59(1.47-1.71),27.57%],Abdominal infection[1.44(1.32-1.58),30.87%], Vasopressors use[2.95(1.67-5.22),64.61%],vasoactive drugs use [3.85(1.89-7.87),63.22%], Mechanical ventilation[1.64(1.24-2.16),68.00%), Positive blood culture[1.60(1.35-1.89), 41.19%], Smoke history[1.60(1.09-2.36),43.09%]. Other risk factors include cardiovascular, coronary artery disease, liver disease, unknow infection, diuretics use, ACEI or ARB, gram-negative bacteria and organ transplant. Conclusion: A large number of factors are associated with AKI development in sepsis patients. Our review can guide risk-reducing interventions, clinical prediction rules, and patient-specific treatment and management strategies for sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.

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Complicações renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pessoas com COVID-19 hospitalizadas: scoping review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v11i1.25217 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e40811125217

Author(s):

Anyele Albuquerque Lima ◽

Alda Graciele Claudio dos Santo Almeida ◽

Izabelly Carollynny Maciel Nunes ◽

Patrícia de Albuquerque Sarmento ◽

Wanda Tenório Barros Passos Alves

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Glomerular Disease ◽

Google Scholar ◽

Cochrane Library

Objetivos: Identificar complicações/sequelas renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 em pessoas com COVID-19; e descrever a característica de idade da população estudada. Metodologia: Scoping Review realizada nas bases de dados Web of Science, BVS, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Embase, LILACS. E nos sites online: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Grey Literature e Google Scholar. Os descritores utilizados foram (comorbidity OR sequel OR complications), (kidney diseases OR glomerular disease OR acute kidney injury OR nephropathy) AND (coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2 OR COVID-19). Critérios de inclusão: artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, com abordagens metodológicas diversas, disponíveis na íntegra, online, publicados no período de 01 de janeiro de 2020 a 29 de setembro de 2021. E de exclusão: pessoas com diagnósticos prévios de patologias renais agudas e/ou crônicas; cartas ao editor; artigos de opinião; editoriais; e notas. Resultados: Selecionaram-se 10 artigos, que evidenciaram que o processo infeccioso causado pelo SARS-CoV-2 pode iniciar com uma leve proteinúria e hematúria, e evoluir para uma injúria renal aguda causada pela diminuição da capacidade de filtração glomerular, que favorece a retenção de algumas escórias nitrogenadas, causando o aumento dos níveis de creatinina e de ureia. Ademais, informaram que indivíduos entre 52-69 anos foram os mais acometidos. Considerações finais: As complicações/sequelas renais decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 são: deposição de imunocomplexos nas células renais, proteinúria, hematúria, aumento da creatinina sérica, aumento da ureia nitrogenada no sangue, diminuição da TFG, e IRA estágio 1, 2 e 3. Tais complicações ocorreram principalmente em pessoas com idade ≥ 52 anos.

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Controversial problems of Vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism in patients with bronchial asthma

PAIN JOINTS SPINE ◽

10.22141/2224-1507.10.4.2020.220457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 174-180

Author(s):

Olha Yakovleva ◽

Olha Nikolova

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Russian Science ◽

Russian Science Citation Index ◽

The World ◽

The Individual

The review presents information on variants of Vitamin D receptor’s genetic polymorphism, ensuring the direct physiological effects of the Vitamin via stimulation of nuclear cellular mechanisms. The article was aimed at raising awareness of the global scientific advances in the field of Vitamin D receptor’s genetic polymorphism and its association with bronchopulmonary pathology in various regions of the planet. The search of scientific references was carried out in the Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Pubmed, ResearchGate, Russian Science Citation Index (RINC) information databases. The regulatory potential of the Vitamin D active hormonal effects in the bronchopulmonary pathology, especially in bronchial asthma (BA), remains unclear in terms of its pathogenetic links. Individual alleles inherent in the receptor genetics were studied, primarily in children with BA across the world. The results were compared as to levels of Vitamin D supplementation, BA symptoms and course The divergences were found in the four variants of alleles: Fok1, Apal, BsmI, TaqI. Those divergences prevail in the individual ethnic populations, limiting our capacities of drawing unambiguous conclusions, although the relationship between the course of BA and the deficient Vitamin’s status remains predominant. It is necessary to widen the database prospectively, to clarify the genetic variants of all the components involved in the metabolism and the Vitamin’s effects (transporter proteins, cytochrome P450 and vitamin D receptor) while the research geography is also expanding in the world.

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Protein-Energy Wasting Assessment and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092809 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2809

Author(s):

Ban-Hock Khor ◽

Hui-Ci Tiong ◽

Shing Cheng Tan ◽

Raha Abdul Rahman ◽

Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Protein Energy Wasting ◽

Nutritional Parameters ◽

Protein Energy

Nutritional assessment is essential to identify patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) who are protein-energy wasting (PEW) and at risk of poor clinical outcomes. This systematic review aimed to investigate the relationship of nutritional assessments for PEW with clinical outcomes in patients with AKI. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases using search terms related to PEW, nutrition assessment, and AKI to identify prospective cohort studies that involved AKI adult patients with at least one nutritional assessment performed and reported relevant clinical outcomes, such as mortality, length of stay, and renal outcomes associated with the nutritional parameters. Seventeen studies reporting eight nutritional parameters for PEW assessment were identified and mortality was the main clinical outcome reported. A meta-analysis showed that PEW assessed using subjective global assessment (SGA) was associated with greater mortality risk (RR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.36–2.91). Individual nutrition parameters, such as serum chemistry, body mass, muscle mass, and dietary intakes, were not consistently associated with mortality. In conclusion, SGA is a valid tool for PEW assessment in patients with AKI, while other nutrition parameters in isolation had limited validity for PEW assessment.

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Prevalence of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery:A systematic review and meta-analysis on risk factors and different diagnostic criterias(AKIN,RIFLE,KDIGO)

10.21203/rs.2.17474/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alii Alidadii ◽

Morteza Salarzaei ◽

Fatem Parooe

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

World Health ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Total Prevalence

Abstract Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the incidence and some of risk factors of AKI after cardiac surgery using all three diagnostic criteria (AKIN,RIFLE, and KIDGO).Method: We searched for published literature in the English language in MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASETM via Ovid, The Cochrane Library, and Trip database. For literature published in other languages, we searched national databases (Magiran and SID) , KoreaMed and LILACS, and we searched OpenGrey (www.opengrey.eu/) and the World Health Organization Clinical Trials Registry (who.int/ictrp) for unpublished literature and ongoing studies.To ensure the literature saturation, the list of the included research references or the relevant reviews found by searching was studied(MS). The keywords used in the search strategy were Acute kidney injury,acute renal failure, creatinine,cardiac surgery,heart surgury, Coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG),valve replacement,RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal disease) ,Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN),KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) , which were combined using the AND, OR, and NOT operators.Results: A total of 33298 patients who had undergone the cardiac surgery were studied. Based on the random effect model the total prevalence of AKI in 33298 patients undergone the heart surgery was 26.3% (95% confidence interval[CI]:26.1%,26.6%, I2=99.5%). the total prevalence of AKI in patients undergone cardiac surgery based on AKIN criteria was 21.6% (95% CI –21.2%, 22.1%,I2=98.5%) of whom 21.6% (95% CI-21.2%,22.1%,I2=98.5%) were classified as AKIN stage 1, whereas 3% (95% CI-2.7%%,3.4%%,I2=90.6%) were classified as AKIN stage 2, and 3.2% (95% CI-3.0%%,3.4%%,I2=97.2%) were classified as AKIN stage 3. the total prevalence of AKI in patients undergone cardiac surgery based on RIFLE criteria was 26.0%% (95% CI –25.6%, 26.5%,I2=99.4%). total prevalence of AKI in patients undergone cardiac surgery based on KDIGO criteria was 34.7% (95% CI –33.8%, 35.7%,I2=98.4%). the highest prevalence of AKI in patients undergone cardiac surgery was in Brazil 45.7% (95% CI –43.6%, 47.8%) based on 3 articles included followed by USA with a prevalence of 29.6%(95% CI –28.7%, 29.4%) based on 7 articles included, Uruguay with a prevalence of 36.1%(95% CI –35%, 37.2%) based on 1 article, Canada with a prevalence of 16.7%(95% CI –15.7%, 17.6%) based on 4 articles included and Italy with a prevalence of 10.6%(95% CI –9.8%, 11.3%) based on 3 articles included.Conclusion: AKI after cardiac surgery is a common symptom, although most often more severe in elderly patients. The prevalence of AKI after cardiac surgery based on KDIGO criteria was found to be higher than RIFLE and AKIN. The prevalence of AKI regardless of the definition used showed a decreasing trend from 2009 to 2019. Our findings pointed to the superiority of the KDIGO criterion over RIFLE and AKIN for diagnosing and evaluating AKI after cardiac surgery. However, the widespread acceptance of consensus definitions ( RIFLE and AKIN criteria) for AKI is still reflected in the studies. In order to progress further, establishment of a uniform definition for AKI seems necessary.

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Energy and Oxygen Metabolism Disorder During Septic Acute Kidney Injury

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research ◽

10.1159/000355801 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 240-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Rong-li Yang ◽

Xiao-ting Wang ◽

Da-wei Liu ◽

Si-bo Liu

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Oxygen Metabolism ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Septic Acute Kidney Injury

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The Predictive Value of Urinary Kidney Injury Molecular 1 for the Diagnosis of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Catheterization: A Meta-Analysis

Journal of Interventional Cardiology ◽

10.1155/2020/4982987 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Qing Li ◽

Yimin Huang ◽

Weifeng Shang ◽

Ying Zhang ◽

Yanyan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cardiac Catheterization ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Population Characteristics ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic

Background. Urinary kidney injury molecule 1 (uKIM-1) is a proximal tubular injury biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury (AKI); its prognostic value varies depending on the clinical and population characteristics. However, the predictive value of uKIM-1 for diagnosis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) remains unclear. Method. Medline, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library database, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were used to identify relevant studies from their inception to November 31, 2019. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. Relevant data were extracted to obtain pooled sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPE), summary receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and area under the ROC (AUC or AUROC). A bivariate mixed-effects regression model was used for data analysis. Results. A total of 946 patients from 8 eligible studies were included. Across all the studies, the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for uKIM-1 level to predict CI-AKI was 19 (95% CI 10–39), with SEN and SPE of 0.84 and 0.78, respectively. The AUROC for uKIM-1 in predicting CI-AKI was 0.88 (95% CI 0.85–0.90). There was a substantial heterogeneity across the studies (I2 was 37.73% for the summary sensitivity and 69.31% for the summary specificity). Conclusion. Urinary KIM-1 has a high predictive value for diagnosis of CI-AKI in patients who have undergone cardiac catheterization.

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