COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIBIOTICS, TOOTHPASTE AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM HUMAN GUMS

This study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of some antibiotics, toothpastes, and medicinal plant extracts against the bacterial species isolated from human gums. A total of 125 samples were collected. The male and female patients were with the age from 15-60 years. A total of 27 species were isolated and identified. Among those bacterial species, Streptococcus mutans was most prevalent 29.62%, followed by Lactobacillus acidophilus 22.22%, Streptococcus sobrinus 18.51% and S aureus 14.81% respectively. While Micrococcus spp. 3.7%, Streptococcus sanguinis 3.7%, Actinomyces viscosus 3.7% and Aeromonas were least prevalent. To observe the most effective treatment for gum infections, the isolated strains were subjected to the sensitivity tests against antibiotics, toothpastes and plant extracts. The maximum zone of inhibition formed by Sulfamethoxazole was found against Staph aurus 33mm, while the minimum zone by Amoxicillin was observed against Streptococcus sobrinus (6mm). The maximum zone of inhibition by Toothpaste 1 (Fluoride and salt) was against Micrococcus spp. 34mm. The maximum zone of inhibition by Curcuma longa against S. mutans was 22mm, while the minimum zone by Ajuga bracteosa against S. mutans was 11mm. The data obtained through this study revealed that antibiotics were more effective for the treatment of oral bacterial pathogens as compared to toothpaste and plant extracts with moderate and low activity, respectively. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that use of antibiotics during infection and toothpaste with fluoride and salt contents in daily routine could help in the elimination of bacterial pathogens to maintain oral health.

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A comparative study to evaluate the effects of antibiotics, plant extracts and fluoride-based toothpaste on the oral pathogens isolated from patients with gum diseases in Pakistan

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.242703 ◽

2023 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

Author(s):

M. Hassan ◽

F. Shafique ◽

H. Bhutta ◽

K. Haq ◽

T. Almansouri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Oral Pathogens

Abstract Oral diseases caused by various microorganisms are common around the world. Scientific research has now been focusing on novel medicines to overcome bacterial resistance and antibiotics side effects; therefore, the current study was designed to assess the efficacy of certain antibiotics, toothpaste, and medicinal plant extracts (Ajuga bracteosa and Curcuma longa) versus the bacterial pathogens isolated from the human oral cavity. A total of 130 samples were collected from Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan, among those 27 species isolated, and eight bacterial species were identified from the samples. Among all the bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus (29.62%) and Proteus mirabilis (22.2%) were found to be more prevalent oral pathogens. In comparison, the least pervasive microbes were Proteus vulgaris, Shigella sonnei, Escherichia coli and Aeromonas hydrophila. The study also suggested that dental problems were more prevalent in males (41-50 years of age) than females. Among the eight antibiotics used in the study, the most promising results were shown by Foxicillin against A. hydrophila. The survey of TP1 revealed that it showed more potent antagonist activity against Proteus vulgaris as compared TP2 and TP3 that might be due to the high content of fluoride. The Curcuma longa showed more significant activity than Ajuga bracteosa (Stem, leaves and root) extracts. The data obtained through this study revealed that antibiotics were more effective for oral bacterial pathogens than toothpaste and plant extracts which showed moderate and low activity, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that the active compounds in individual medicinal plants like Curcuma longa and Ajuga bracteosa could replace the antibiotics when used in daily routine as tooth cleansers or mouth rinses.

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IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTY OF DIFFERENT MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACTS

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i2.37484 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 39-42

Author(s):

SWETA KUMARI ◽

VIRENDRA VAISHNAV

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Cinnamomum Tamala ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of some plant extracts they are-Curcuma longa, Cinnamomum tamala, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Azadirachta indica, Datura stramonium, Zingiber officinale, Punica granatum and Cinnamomum cassia against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. Methods: The evaluation of antibacterial activity for different extracts of each plant was carried out by using the disc diffusion method and by pouring technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: In the disc diffusion method the plant extracts showed zone of inhibition ranging 02.0 to 16.0 mm against bacteria and In pouring technique plant extracts showed positive control against pure culture of a bacterium and their efficiency in terms of MICs where ranged from 0.2 gm/ml to 0.8 gm/ml. The extracts of Curcuma longa and Cinnamomum tamala shown high efficiency then other plant extracts in terms of zone of inhibition and also in pouring technique less amount of extracts was inhibited the growth of bacteria. Conclusion: This study indicates that extracts of these plants have antibacterial activity against bacteria. This report supports their use in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria.

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Process Optimization for Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8080998 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 998

Author(s):

Kartini Kartini ◽

Amarisa Alviani ◽

Dia Anjarwati ◽

Adinda Finna Fanany ◽

Johan Sukweenadhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Scale Up ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Metal Nanoparticle ◽

Phyllanthus Niruri ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are an interesting metal nanoparticle that can be incorporated into pharmaceutical products, including for diabetic foot ulcers as an antimicrobial agent. Green synthesis of AgNPs using plant extracts has been drawing much attention as it is simple, eco-friendly, stable, and cost-effective. This present study was performed to evaluate the potential of three Indonesian medicinal plant extracts, namely Phyllanthus niruri (PN), Orthosiphon stamineus (OS), and Curcuma longa (CL), as reducing and capping agents in the green synthesis of AgNPs, and to optimize their concentrations. Based on the yields and characteristics of the formed nanoparticles, which were analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffractometer, Phyllanthus niruri extract at a concentration of 0.5% was concluded as the best extract in the green synthesis of AgNPs. It is thereby a prospective reducing and capping agent for further scale-up studies.

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From medicinal plant extracts to defined chemical compounds targeting the histamine H4 receptor: Curcuma longa in the treatment of inflammation

Inflammation Research ◽

10.1007/s00011-017-1075-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 (10) ◽

pp. 923-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Annika Frank ◽

Saleh Abu-Lafi ◽

Azmi Adawi ◽

Johannes S. Schwed ◽

Holger Stark ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Histamine H4 Receptor ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

H4 Receptor

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Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts Produced for Commercial Purpose

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2011/693417 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 882-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. D. Sathisha ◽

H. B. Lingaraju ◽

K. Sham Prasad

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Tribulus Terrestris ◽

Coffee Bean ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Commercial Purpose ◽

Herbal Plant

The antioxidant potential of some herbal plant extracts (commercial products) was measured using variousin vitroassays. Among the extracts fromCurcuma longa, Caffea arabica, Tribulus terrestris, Bacopa monnieriandTrigonella foenum- graecum, theCurcuma longaand coffee bean extract (Caffea Arabica) showed greater antioxidant activity measured as scavenging of DPPH, superoxide radicals, reducing power and inhibition of microsomal lipid peroxidation.

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Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i4.13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 627-632

Author(s):

I.S. Obuekwe ◽

E.P. Okoyomo ◽

U.S. Anka

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Ocimum Gratissimum ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Increase in antimicrobial resistance coupled with successful treatment of various diseases with herbal medications has triggered the upsurge in research geared towards harnessing the medicinal potentials of various plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum, Jatropha curcas and Ficus exasperata and their combined antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Plant leaves were air–dried, extracted with ethyl-acetate and water with subsequent qualitative analyses for phytochemical compounds. Bacterial pathogens were obtained from University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), confirmed, and their zones of inhibition studied at 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 mg/ml of extract combinations. The presence of phenols, tannins and saponins were confirmed in all extracts while alkaloids were present in all ethyl acetate extracts and terpenoids in all aqueous extracts. Different zones of inhibition were measured with the different extract combinations with E. coli having its highest zone of inhibition with the combination of Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum in 30 mg/ml (27.25 ± 1.70 mm). However, the highest zone of inhibition observed in the study was with S. aureus in 10 mg/ml concentration of ethyl acetate plant extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Ficus exasperata (31.75 ± 3.07 mm). The Gram positive cell wall of S. aureus is less complex and therefore, more susceptible to bio-agents. Antibacterial activities of these extracts are attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites that make them good bio-agents for production of antibacterial drugs. Keywords: Plant extracts, Inhibition zones, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus

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