Optimal Operating Point of a Hydrogen Fueled SOFC Models Using Al-Nour Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullatif Musa ◽  
Ramadan Arfa ◽  
Adel Agina
Keyword(s):  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Previous Training

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is considered extremely suitable for electrical power plant application. Both high temperature (HT) and intermediate temperature (IT) SOFC performances are investigated using models which are built in Aspen customer modeller. Moreover, this paper introduces a new simulation software, called Al-Nour V.1.0-2012 software application. The interface of Al-Nour V.1.0-2012 software was mainly implemented based on the educational theory of User’s Split Attention, that is; the entire software works with only one screen for all operations without any scrolling (user-friendly interface). This application reflects the fact that Al-Nour software does not require the user to have any previous training. The performance of HT-SOFC and IT-SOFC models is evaluated and compared using both software applications . The simulation results show that, the cell voltage value increases by raising the operating pressure, operating temperature, and hydrogen partial pressure. The electrical power output value from the SOFC is increased simultaneously by increasing the current density . Furthermore, the IT-SOFC has a higher cell voltage than the HT-SOFC.

scholarly journals LinkWise: A Modern Record Linkage Software Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Izakian
Keyword(s):  
Record Linkage ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Linkage Algorithm ◽  
Data Formats ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
User Friendly

IntroductionBecause of a lack of unique identifiers among datasets, and different data collection standards, record linkage is challenging. Thus, despite the importance of record linkage in unleashing the power of data, there are few software applications built for this purpose. Each software application has unique strengths and weaknesses. Objectives and ApproachData linkage comprises various steps such as selecting linkage identifiers, data cleaning, data pre-processing, calculating the linkage weights for identifiers, and estimating similarity thresholds to decide if two records are true matches. These steps require expertise and are costly for organizations interested in data sharing. Although data linkage software applications have been developed, there are drawbacks with these applications. They are either costly, difficult to use, not able to preserve the privacy of individuals, not able to handle big datasets, or perform poorly in terms of specificity and sensitivity. LinkWise is a software application developed to resolve these issues. ResultsLinkWise is a probabilistic modern linkage software implemented using Microsoft C#.Net. The following features are implemented in this software: automated all data linkage steps, a simple and user friendly interface, ability to link both unencrypted and encrypted data (privacy preserving record linkage), transparent linkage algorithm (not a black box), ability to perform incremental linkage (linking new data to previously linked data), ability to handle millions of records, ability to run on multiple processors to reduce run time, and high specificity and sensitivity. The software was tested over many datasets with various characteristics (e.g., different data fields, data formats, number of records, various amount of noise etc.). Results show that it is able to link data with a high specificity and sensitivity in a reasonable time. Conclusion/ImplicationsLinkWise is a software application designed to address many issues arising in the process of data linkage. The software automated all steps of data linkage and preserves the privacy of individuals. It is very easy to use and technical background knowledge is not required to work with this software.

scholarly journals Analysis of a 50 kWe indirect methanol proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system for transportation application

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (8) ◽  
pp. 937-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B V Virji ◽  
R H Thring
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Steady state and dynamic models of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) or solid polymer fuel cell (SPFC) systems have been developed for transport and stationary applications. This paper reports the results of a steady state analysis of a methanol-fuelled PEMFC vehicle with a maximum (electrical) power output of 50 kW. The model incorporates a methanol steam reformer, gas clean-up unit, fuel cell stack, compressor, expander, battery pack, and heat exchangers as well as electrical power handling, motor, gearbox, and final drive. Results are given for the reformer as a function of steam-carbon ratio and reformer temperature. A degree of optimization of the system was conducted by (a) the addition of preheat to the reformer and burner reactants and (b) the addition of condensers for the fuel cell exhaust gases. The effect of operating pressure was also investigated. It was concluded that only by proper thermal integration could the target electrical system efficiency of better than 45 per cent at rated power be achieved.

scholarly journals Near-field thermophotovoltaics for efficient heat to electricity conversion at high power density

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohith Mittapally ◽  
Byungjun Lee ◽  
Linxiao Zhu ◽  
Amin Reihani ◽  
Ju Won Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
High Power Density ◽  
Pv Cell ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Power Densities

AbstractThermophotovoltaic approaches that take advantage of near-field evanescent modes are being actively explored due to their potential for high-power density and high-efficiency energy conversion. However, progress towards functional near-field thermophotovoltaic devices has been limited by challenges in creating thermally robust planar emitters and photovoltaic cells designed for near-field thermal radiation. Here, we demonstrate record power densities of ~5 kW/m2 at an efficiency of 6.8%, where the efficiency of the system is defined as the ratio of the electrical power output of the PV cell to the radiative heat transfer from the emitter to the PV cell. This was accomplished by developing novel emitter devices that can sustain temperatures as high as 1270 K and positioning them into the near-field (<100 nm) of custom-fabricated InGaAs-based thin film photovoltaic cells. In addition to demonstrating efficient heat-to-electricity conversion at high power density, we report the performance of thermophotovoltaic devices across a range of emitter temperatures (~800 K–1270 K) and gap sizes (70 nm–7 µm). The methods and insights achieved in this work represent a critical step towards understanding the fundamental principles of harvesting thermal energy in the near-field.

scholarly journals An Interactive Web Application for the Statistical Analysis of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data in Epidemiological Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682098557
Author(s):  
Alysha M. De Livera ◽  
Jonathan E. Shaw ◽  
Neale Cohen ◽  
Anne Reutens ◽  
Agus Salim
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Interactive Software ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Visualization Of Data ◽  
User Friendly

Motivation: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are an essential part of novel technology in diabetes management and care. CGM studies have become increasingly popular among researchers, healthcare professionals, and people with diabetes due to the large amount of useful information that can be collected using CGM systems. The analysis of the data from these studies for research purposes, however, remains a challenge due to the characteristics and large volume of the data. Results: Currently, there are no publicly available interactive software applications that can perform statistical analyses and visualization of data from CGM studies. With the rapidly increasing popularity of CGM studies, such an application is becoming necessary for anyone who works with these large CGM datasets, in particular for those with little background in programming or statistics. CGMStatsAnalyser is a publicly available, user-friendly, web-based application, which can be used to interactively visualize, summarize, and statistically analyze voluminous and complex CGM datasets together with the subject characteristics with ease.

Performance Analysis of Near-Field Thermophotovoltaic With a Multilayer Metallodielectric Emitter

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yang ◽  
J. Y. Chang ◽  
L. P. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Effective Medium Theory ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Alumina Layer ◽  
Photon Transport ◽  
Electrical Power Output

The photon transport and energy conversion of a near-field thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system with a selective emitter composed of alternate tungsten and alumina layers and a photovoltaic cell sandwiched by electrical contacts are theoretically investigated in this paper. Fluctuational electrodynamics along with the dyadic Green’s function for a multilayered structure is applied to calculate the spectral heat flux, and photocurrent generation and electrical power output are solved from the photon-coupled charge transport equations. The tungsten and alumina layer thicknesses are optimized to match the spectral heat flux with the bandgap of TPV cell. The spectral heat flux is much enhanced when plain tungsten emitter is replaced with the multilayer emitter due to the mechanism of surface plasmon polariton coupling in the tungsten thin film. In addition, the invalidity of effective medium theory to predict photon transport in the near field with multilayer emitters is discussed. Effects of a gold back reflector and indium tin oxide front coating with nanometer thickness, which could practically act as the electrodes to collect the photon-generated charges on the TPV cell, are explored. Conversion efficiency of 23.7% and electrical power output of 0.31 MW/m2 are achieved at 100 nm vacuum gap when the emitter and receiver are respectively at temperatures of 2000 K and 300 K.

scholarly journals Evaluating Energy Generation Capacity of PVDF Sensors: Effects of Sensor Geometry and Loading

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1895
Author(s):  
Mohammad Uddin ◽  
Shane Alford ◽  
Syed Mahfuzul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Loading Frequency ◽  
Dielectric Thickness ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Electrical Power Output

This paper focuses on the energy generating capacity of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric material through a number of prototype sensors with different geometric and loading characteristics. The effect of sensor configuration, surface area, dielectric thickness, aspect ratio, loading frequency and strain on electrical power output was investigated systematically. Results showed that parallel bimorph sensor was found to be the best energy harvester, with measured capacitance being reasonably acceptable. Power output increased with the increase of sensor’s surface area, loading frequency, and mechanical strain, but decreased with the increase of the sensor thickness. For all scenarios, sensors under flicking loading exhibited higher power output than that under bending. A widely used energy harvesting circuit had been utilized successfully to convert the AC signal to DC, but at the sacrifice of some losses in power output. This study provided a useful insight and experimental validation into the optimization process for an energy harvester based on human movement for future development.

Effect of Segmented Electrodes on Piezo-Elastic and Piezo-Aero-Elastic Responses of Generator Plates

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos De Marqui ◽  
Alper Erturk ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Elastic Model ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Aeroelastic Response ◽  
Aerodynamic Model ◽  
Frequency Excitation ◽  
Elastic Responses ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Tip Mass

In this paper, the use of segmented electrodes is investigated to avoid cancellation of the electrical outputs of the torsional modes in energy harvesting from piezo-elastic and piezo-aero-elastic systems. The piezo-elastic behavior of a cantilevered plate with an asymmetric tip mass under base excitation is investigated using an electromechanically coupled finite element (FE) model. Electromechanical frequency response functions (FRFs) are obtained using the coupled FE model both for the continuous and segmented electrodes configurations. When segmented electrodes are considered torsional modes also become significant in the resulting electrical FRFs, improving broadband (or varying-frequency excitation) performance of the generator plate. The FE model is also combined with an unsteady aerodynamic model to obtain the piezo-aero-elastic model. The use of segmented electrodes to improve the electrical power generation from aeroelastic vibrations of plate-like wings is investigated. Although the main goal here is to obtain the maximum electrical power output for each airflow speed (both for the continuous and segmented electrode cases), piezoelectric shunt damping effect on the aeroelastic response of the generator wing is also investigated.

Experimental Investigation of a Flat Plate Photovoltaic/Thermal Collector

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Modrek ◽  
Ali Al-Alili
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Electrical Output

Photovoltaic thermal collectors (PVT) combines technologies of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors into a hybrid system by attaching an absorber to the back surface of a PV panel. PVT collectors have gained a lot of attention recently due to the high energy output per unit area compared to a standalone system of PV panels and solar thermal collectors. In this study, performance of a liquid cooled flat PVT collector under the climatic conditions of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates was experimentally investigated. The electrical performances of the PVT collector was compared to that of a standalone PV panel. Moreover, effect of sand accumulation on performance of PVT collectors was examined. Additionally, effect of mass flow rate on thermal and electrical output of PVT collector was studied. Electrical power output is slightly affected by changes in mass flow rate. However, thermal energy increased by 22% with increasing flow rate. Electrical power output of a PV panel was found to be 38% lower compared to electrical output of PVT collectors. Dust accumulation on PVT surface reduced electrical power output up to 7% compared with a reference PVT collector.

scholarly journals Design of a Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal System in Lebanon

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Elie Karam ◽  
Patrick Moukarzel ◽  
Maya Chamoun ◽  
Charbel Habchi ◽  
Charbel Bou-Mosleh
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Thermal System ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Temperature Loss ◽  
Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽  
Electrical Power Output

Due to global warming and the high toxic gas emissions of traditional power generation methods, renewable energy has become a very active topic in many applications. This study focuses on one versatile type of solar energy: Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal System (hybrid PV/T). Hybrid PV/T combines both PV and thermal application and by doing this the efficiency of the system will increase by taking advantage of the temperature loss from PV module. The solar radiation and heat will be harnessed to deliver electricity and hot water simultaneously. In the present study a solar system is designed to recycle the heat and improve the temperature loss from PV module in order to supply both electricity and domestic hot water. The project was tested twice in Zouk Mosbeh - Lebanon; on May 18, 2016, and June 7, 2016. The average electrical efficiency was around 11.5% with an average electrical power output of 174.22 W, while with cooling, the average electrical efficiency reaches 11% with a power output of 200 W. The temperature increases by about 7 degrees Celsius from the inlet. The 1D conduction model is also performed in order to design the hybrid PV/T system.

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