Factors Influencing a Journalist’s Gatekeeping Role in the Coverage of Traumatic Incidents in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-66
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Traumatic Incident ◽  
Depth Interviews

This research study is designed to understand reporting traumatic incidents in Pakistani media and the individual level factors that influence a journalist’s decision while covering a traumatic incident and his/her decision of selecting information to include in or exclude from news.This study uses a qualitative research design to analyze the research question. The researcher used in-depth interviews with journalists in Peshawar and Tribal Districtsof Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Thirtyjournalists were recruited (news reporters, editors and photographers) working for media (print, broadcast and online), whose primary beat is ‘crime’ or “violentevents” along with other beats. The participants of the study were selected by purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Thematic Analysis as a method was used to analyze the data, i.e., interviews with journalists. Thedata was examined through the lens of the Hierarchy of Influences Model (HOI), which is an extension ofthe Gatekeeping Theory. The findingsshow thateducation, training, experience, focus on crime and conflict, newsworthiness of the story, self-promotion, and Job security influence a journalist’s decision while covering a traumatic incident in Pakistani media.

A Culture of Organizational Grit From the Perspective of U.S. Military Officers: A Qualitative Inquiry

2021 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2098519
Author(s):  
Celeste Raver Luning ◽  
Prince A. Attoh ◽  
Tao Gong ◽  
James T. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Military Officers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Professional Pride ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Military

With the backdrop of the utility of grit at the individual level, speculation has begun to circulate that grit may exist as an organizational level phenomenon. To explore this potential construct, this study used an exploratory, qualitative research design. This study explored grit at the organizational level by interviewing leaders’ perceptions of what may be a culture of organizational grit. Participants included 14 U.S. military officers. Seven themes emerged relative to the research question: “What do U.S. military officers perceive as a culture of organizational grit?” Themes included professional pride, team unity, resilience-determination, mission accomplishment, core values, growth mindset, and deliberate practice. This study indicated that a culture of organizational grit is likely a combination of converging organizational elements. Overall, findings indicate that there may be a culture of organizational grit in the military and at the least, more research examining the concept is warranted.

scholarly journals Exploring the role of the industrial-organisational psychologist as counsellor

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanri Barkhuizen ◽  
Lené I. Jorgensen ◽  
Lizelle Brink
Keyword(s):  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
North West ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Counselling Interventions ◽  
Depth Interviews

Orientation: Industrial-organisational (I-O) psychologists are often confronted with counselling interventions in the workplace and thus it is vital that they are effectively prepared for their role as workplace counsellors.Research purpose: The aim of this study was to review the role of I-O psychologists as counsellors and to ascertain whether these practitioners are effectively prepared for this purpose.Motivation for the study: I-O psychologists are mainly concerned with the deep-rooted problems individuals experience in the workplace, and they therefore need appropriate counselling skills. However, it is not clear whether graduates in this discipline receive adequate training for this role.Research design, approach and method: A qualitative research design with convenience and snowball sampling of 22 participants was utilised. Participants were practising I-O psychologists across Gauteng and North West (South Africa). Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to gather data, which were transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis.Main findings: Participants were familiar with the meaning of counselling and confirmed that they are faced with a range of counselling situations requiring a unique set of skills and competencies. Based on these findings, participants made recommendations for the future training of I-O psychologists and recommended that counselling be included in the scope of practice of I-O psychologists.Practical/managerial implications: The role of the I-O psychologist requires training in short-term therapeutic techniques and counselling in tertiary education.Contribution/value-add: The study clarifies the role of the I-O psychologist as a counsellor that will ensure that I-O psychologists can be trained more effectively for this role.

What's Gay about Being Single? A Qualitative Study of the Lived Experiences of Older Single Gay Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu Tung Suen
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Positive Aspect ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gay Community ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sexual Exploration ◽  
Depth Interviews

This paper contributes to the theorization of ‘choice’ within sociological understanding of singlehood. Previous sociological research on singlehood has largely focused on the lives of heterosexual singles. A choice narrative permeates such literature, depicting singlehood as a celebratory story that brings about the potential to disrupt the couplehood culture in society. Based on in-depth interviews with 25 self-identified single gay men over the age of 50 in England, this article finds that although gay singles share similarities with straight singles, there are gay-specific features of singlehood that can be identified, in terms of the limit of ‘choice’. Although some older single gay men drew on the cultural discourse in the gay community, which decentres the conjugal couple, and claimed freedom of sexual exploration as a positive aspect of being single, there was also a strong sense that many older gay men's status of being single was shaped by a larger history, and hence, they were afforded no choice in choosing whether to be single or not. Taking these findings together, this paper suggests that there are ideological, historical and cultural factors that distinguish the lived experiences of single gay men as being different from those of heterosexual singles. This paper argues that although the discourse of ‘choice’ helps sociologists to understand that singlehood need not be understood as necessarily a negative experience, older gay men's experiences of singlehood caution that the choice narrative shall not mislead the analysis to focus singlehood merely on the individual level. Instead, singlehood needs to be understood as deeply socially and historically embedded.

The myth of the secular–Islamist divide in Muslim politics: Evidence from Tunisia

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Mixed Method Design ◽  
Muslim Politics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

Many scholars argue that politics in majority-Muslim societies are marked by deep polarization: dominated by struggles between secularists and Islamists who hold fundamentally divergent ideological positions. Yet, this finding is likely a result of scholarly focus on Islamist organizations and political parties rather than their constituencies. Using Tunisia as a case study, this article investigates attitudinal polarization between secularists and Islamists at the individual level using a mixed-method design combining statistical analyses of survey data with content analyses of in-depth interviews. Statistical results indicate that Islamists are no different from non-Islamists in attitudes about excommunication ( takfir), popular sovereignty, women’s rights, or minority rights, though they are more skeptical of democracy and express less religious tolerance. Interview results show that many political procedures advocated by Islamists resemble the secular procedures they seek to replace and, though secularists tend to have negative views of Islamists, many express support for Islamist ideological positions. Taken together, these findings provide little evidence of attitudinal polarization along the so-called secular–Islamist divide.

“Reinventing the wheel, over and over again”. organizational learning, memory and forgetting in doing diversity work

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke van den Brink
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge of organizational change towards diversity by bringing together concepts from organizational learning and diversity studies. Design/methodology/approach This longitudinal study was conducted over two years. It involved interviews, observation of meetings and consultation of documentation and the analysis focused on organizational learning. The key research question was how do organizational members institutionalize their individual learning process to change in organizational cultures, routines and structures in a sustainable way? Findings The results showed that there had been learning at the individual level but this did not necessarily mean that participants had been able to transfer their learning into behaviour change. Research limitations/implications The research suggested that training alone may not be sufficient to promote effective organizational change regarding diversity. Additional measures are likely to be required, for example, including diversity targets in performance management plans and reviews. Practical implications In order to achieve greater diversity, organizations are likely to need to use a number of methods to supplement initial training. Social implications This research gives insight into how greater diversity may be achieved in organizations. Originality/value Previous literature understates the complexity of the change processes for enhanced diversity to be sustained in organizations. This study has originality in its focus on organizational learning.

Horizontal-Leader Identification in Construction Project Teams in China: How Guanxi Impacts Coworkers’ Perceived Justice and Turnover Intentions

2021 ◽  
pp. 875697282110425
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Ralf Müller ◽  
Bingsheng Liu ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Guobin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Interactional Justice ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Individual

Based on social comparison theory and organizational justice, this research explores how Guanxi with the horizontal leader (HL) influences coworker turnover intention. We used the snowball sampling method to collect survey data from 203 employees in 22 project teams. Overall, Guanxi with the HL had an indirect influence on turnover intention through perceived distributive justice pertaining to HL identification. Additionally, procedural justice had a negative, cross-level moderating effect on the relationship between Guanxi with the HL and perceived distributive justice. However, the individual-level moderating role of interactional justice was not supported. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Learning within sustainable educational innovation: An analysis of teachers’ perceptions and leadership practice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Fix ◽  
M. Rikkerink ◽  
H. T. M. Ritzen ◽  
J. M. Pieters ◽  
W. A. J. M. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sustainable Innovation ◽  
The Individual

AbstractInnovative initiatives in education often have problems with their sustainability. The present study focuses on three educational innovations that have proved to be sustainable over time. We used a qualitative research approach to study and identify essential features of sustainable educational innovation. Two theoretical frameworks were used to guide the study: the integrated model for sustainable innovation (IMSI) and self-determination theory (SDT). Both frameworks take a different perspective upon learning; IMSI presents learning at the individual level, the team level and the organizational level to be the heart of sustainable innovation, and SDT presents how learning can be improved. The research question focused upon how the SDT concepts of autonomy, competence and relatedness were perceived within sustainable innovation, expressed by the IMSI framework, by teachers and school leaders. Based on our findings we demonstrate that the framework of IMSI and SDT can effectively be applied as a frame of analysis to identify essential features of sustainability in educational innovations and we discuss how concepts of SDT deepen the knowledge of sustainable educational innovation.

scholarly journals Wawasan Kebersihan Lingkungan & Keberagamaan; Praktik Kebersihan Lingkungan pada Civitas Akademika UIN Imam Bonjol Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Rulan Permata Sari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Hygiene ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

The basic identity of academic community of UIN Imam Bonjol Padang is Muslim, with sufficient religious knowledge. This study aims to see the correlation of knowledge with behavior in maintaining environmental cleanliness. The research data collection was carried out by survey and in-depth interviews with the academic community of UIN Imam Bonjol. This study found that, first the understanding of the academic community of UIN Imam Bonjol Padang about cleanliness was quite good at the individual level originating from the hadith about cleanliness, both in text and in substance. Second, in maintaining cleanliness, UIN academics are influenced by the lack of available hygiene facilities and infrastructure and the absence of regulation. Third, there is an asymmetrical relationship between the knowledge of the UIN academic community about environmental hygiene and practice because the understanding of environmental hygiene is still in the domestic area and is private in nature, not yet entering the public space.

Producing anti-regime protest news in a polarized and clientelistic media system: A frame building approach

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492110366
Author(s):  
Lindita Camaj
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Frame Building ◽  
System A ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study examines media coverage of the 2019 anti-government protests in Montenegro. Based on 13 in-depth interviews and a quantitative content analysis, the data shed light on ways in which democratization struggles are manifested via protest framing in a polarized media system. This paper argues that media clientelism, as manifested through political parallelism and media instrumentalization, provides a better theoretical and analytical framework to understand not only the influence of structural factors that determine protest coverage, but also the role of ideology and journalism cultures embraced at the individual level. This framework is helpful to understand the role of media in democratic struggle not only in emerging and defective democracies, but also in increasingly polarizing societies in the West.

Individual-based models

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Radchuk ◽  
Stephanie Kramer-Schadt ◽  
Uta Berger ◽  
Cédric Scherer ◽  
Pia Backmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Population Cycles ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
The Individual

Individual-based models (IBMs, also known as agent-based models) are mechanistic models in which demographic population trends emerge from processes at the individual level. IBMs are used instead of more aggregated approaches whenever one or more of the following aspects are deemed too relevant to be ignored: intraspecific trait variation, local interactions, adaptive behaviour, and response to spatially and temporally heterogeneous environments, which often results in nonlinear feedbacks. IBMs offer a high degree of flexibility and therefore vary widely in structure and resolution, depending on the research question, system under investigation, and available data. Data used to parameterise an IBM can be divided into two categories: species and environmental data. Unlike other model types, qualitative empirical knowledge can be taken into account via probabilistic rules. IBM flexibility is often associated with higher number of parameters and hence higher uncertainty; therefore sensitivity analysis and validation are extremely important tools for analysing these models. The chapter presents three examples: a vole–mustelid model used to understand the mechanisms underlying population cycles in rodents; a wild boar–virus model to study persistence of wildlife diseases in heterogeneous landscapes; and a wild tobacco-moth caterpillar model to study emergence of delayed chemical plant defence against insect herbivores. These examples demonstrate the ability of IBMs to decipher mechanisms driving observed phenomena at the population level and their role in planning applied conservation measures. IBMs typically require more data and effort than other model types, but rewards in terms of structural realism, understanding, and decision support are high.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document