scholarly journals Homeopathy and cancer: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
Marina das Neves Gomes ◽  
Carla Holandino
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization states that deaths from cancer are increasing reaching an estimated 12 million deaths by 2030 [1]. In Brazil will be about 480,000 new cases by the end of 2011 [2]. For the treatment of cancer conventional therapies are used, such as chemotherapy[3] and radiotherapy [4] which can cause many adverse reactions. Complementary therapies such as homeopathy can be combined to traditional cancer treatment with the aim of minimizing these adverse reactions, relieving the symptoms of the disease itself and its treatment. Other complementary therapies which can aid in cancer treatment are electrotherapy, acupuncture and electroacupuncture, nutritional supplements, probiotics, phytotherapy, among others[5]. The literature shows the homeopathic medicines can be prescribed using the patient’s physical constitution as one strategy to help cancer patients [6-11]. This work aims to compile the literature review done with in vitro and in vivo models describing the mechanisms of action of homeopathic medicines used to treat different kinds of cancer. The research findings showed that homeopathy can help the patient to come to terms with the disease, after cancer diagnosis which often brings with itself denial, fear and a host of psychological disorders that cause an unbalance in the body. In addition, some works done with in vitro and in vivo models have shown that homeopathic medicines can modulate the immune system, activating macrophages and inducing the release of cytokines. These and other effects may help the body to overcome the cancer. The use of homeopathic therapy as complementary to conventional cancer treatment has promising results and should be further investigated.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF IN VIVO MODELS IN PREDICTING TRANSDERMAL PERMEABILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
S. S. Malchenkova ◽  
◽  
N. S. Golyak ◽  
V. M. Tsarenkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
World Health ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Tape Stripping ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Transdermal Permeability

The article presents the main types of laboratory animals that are used to study the transdermal permeability of chemical compounds. We described the structural features of epidermis, derma and skin appendages in humans and laboratory animals (small rodents, pigs, monkeys). We also emphasized advantages and disadvantages of various laboratory animals as objects for in vivo transdermal modeling. A method of extrapolation called “The parallelogram method” or «Triple Pack» has been singled out to predict the permeability of the human skin in the presence of experimental data on the permeability of the skin of animals in vivo and humans in vitro. The article describes the experimental design (including preparation of animals, premises and the substance applied) to determine transdermal permeability of substances in vivo under the guidelines of the World Health Organization and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Tissue microdialysis in volunteers has been identified as the most perfect and safest ways to promptly detect substances in the derma and tape stripping has been made in the cells of the stratum corneum.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Literatur: Uji In Vivo pada Antiviral Terpilih COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Risqa Novita
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
World Health ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Health Organization

The novel corona virus, Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused COVID-19 established by World Health Organization as global pandemic because it has spread globally and high mortality as above 8%. It needs an action to reduce the mortality rate and morbidity rate of COVID-19. There was no specific antiviral for COVID-19. We used antiviral based on our last experience against another infectious corona virus, MERS and SARS. Antiviral need safety and efficacy test. Antiviral test is start from in vitro, in vivo and clinical testing. Selecting antiviral for COVID-19 should pass through in vivo testing. The purpose of this review is to study which antiviral has passed the in vivo testing. Methods. A method of writing literature review from Google scholar and PubMed, with using keywords : antiviral, animal model and COVID-19. Results. Based on literature review, specific antiviral for COVID-19 has conducted on in vivo testing based on MERS and SARS experience, not for SARS-CoV-2 yet. The antivirals are Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir dan Klorokuin Keywords: antiviral, animal model, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 Abstrak Virus novel korona yaitu Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adalah penyebab COVID-19 yang telah ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai pandemi global karena telah menyebar mendunia dan menyebabkan kematian cukup tinggi di atas 8%. Tindakan pengendalian yang efektif dibutuhkan untuk menekan angka kematian, salah satunya adalah pemberian antiviral. Hingga saat ini belum ada antiviral khusus untuk COVID-19. Antiviral yang digunakan berdasarkan pengalaman terhadap infeksi korona sebelumnya. Pemilihan antiviral yang efektif dan aman sangat diperlukan. Tahapan uji antivial seyogyanya dimulai dari uji in vitro, in vivo dan klinis. Antiviral yang dipilih untuk penderita COVID-19 sebaiknya sudah melalui tahapan in vivo, yaitu di hewan coba. Tulisan penulisan ini untuk mengkaji antiviral untuk COVID-19 yang telah melewati tahapan uji praklinis di hewan coba Metode. Metode tulisan ini berupa kajian dari literatur-literatur yang ada di Google scholar dan Pubmed, dengan pencarian menggunakan kata kunci antiviral, COVID-19 dan hewan model Hasil. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelusuran literatur, didapatkan data bahwa antiviral spesifik yang digunakan untuk penderita COVID-19 yang telah melalui tahapan di hewan model adalah Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir dan Klorokuin, namun antiviral tersebut baru diuji terhadap MERS dan SARS, belum terhadap virus SARS-CoV-2. Kata kunci: antiviral, COVID-19, hewan model, SARS-CoV-2

Antimicrobial peptides for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, allies or foes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1138-1147
Author(s):  
Bruno Rivas-Santiago ◽  
Flor Torres-Juarez
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that has become a serious public health issue in recent years, although increasing incidence has been controlled, deaths caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been accentuated due to the emerging of multi-drug resistant strains and the comorbidity with diabetes mellitus and HIV. This situation is threatening the goals of World Health Organization (WHO) to eradicate tuberculosis in 2035. WHO has called for the creation of new drugs as an alternative for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, among the plausible molecules that can be used are the Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs). These peptides have demonstrated remarkable efficacy to kill mycobacteria in vitro and in vivo in experimental models, nevertheless, these peptides not only have antimicrobial activity but also have a wide variety of functions such as angiogenesis, wound healing, immunomodulation and other well-described roles into the human physiology. Therapeutic strategies for tuberculosis using AMPs must be well thought prior to their clinical use; evaluating comorbidities, family history and risk factors to other diseases, since the wide function of AMPs, they could lead to collateral undesirable effects.

scholarly journals Virtual Screening and Statistical Analysis in the Design of New Caffeine Analogues Molecules with Potential Epithelial Anticancer Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josivan da Silva Costa ◽  
Karina da Silva Lopes Costa ◽  
Josiane Viana Cruz ◽  
Ryan da Silva Ramos ◽  
Luciane Barros Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Binding Free Energy ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Health Organization

About 132 thousand cases of melanoma (more severe type of skin cancer) were registered in 2014 according to the World Health Organization. This type of cancer significantly affects the quality of life of individuals. Caffeine has shown potential inhibitory effect against epithelial cancer. In this study, it was proposed to obtain new caffeine-based molecules with potential epithelial anticancer activity. For this, a training set of 21 molecules was used for pharmacophore perception procedures. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to propose mono-, bi-, tri-, and tetra-parametric models applied in the prediction of the activity. The generated pharmacophore was used to select 350 molecules available at the ZINCpharmer server, followed by reduction to 24 molecules, after selection using the Tanimoto index, yielding 10 molecules after final selection by predicted activity values > 1.5229. These ten molecules had better pharmacokinetic properties than the other ones used as reference and within the clinically significant limits. Only two molecules show minor hits of toxicity and were submitted to molecular docking procedures, showing BFE (binding free energy) values lower than the reference values. Statistical analyses indicated strong negative correlations between BFE and pharmacophoric properties (high influence on BFE lowering) and practically null correlation between BFE and BBB. The two most promising molecules can be indicated as candidates for further in vitro and in vivo analyzes.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effectiveness and Safety of Repurposing Drugs for the Treatment of COVID-19: Position Standing in 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safaet Alam ◽  
Taslima Binte Kamal ◽  
Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker ◽  
Jin-Rong Zhou ◽  
S. M. Abdur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Meta Analyses

COVID-19, transmitted by SARS-CoV-2, is one of the most serious pandemic situations in the history of mankind, and has already infected a huge population across the globe. This horrendously contagious viral outbreak was first identified in China and within a very short time it affected the world's health, transport, economic, and academic sectors. Despite the recent approval of a few anti-COVID-19 vaccines, their unavailability and insufficiency along with the lack of other potential therapeutic options are continuing to worsen the situation, with valuable lives continuing to be lost. In this situation, researchers across the globe are focusing on repurposing prospective drugs and prophylaxis such as favipiravir, remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, lopinavir-ritonavir, azithromycin, doxycycline, ACEIs/ARBs, rivaroxaban, and protease inhibitors, which were preliminarily based on in vitro and in vivo pharmacological and toxicological study reports followed by clinical applications. Based on available preliminary data derived from limited clinical trials, the US National Institute of Health (NIH) and USFDA also recommended a few drugs to be repurposed i.e., hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, and favipiravir. However, World Health Organization later recommended against the use of chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, and lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of COVID-19 infections. Combining basic knowledge of viral pathogenesis and pharmacodynamics of drug molecules as well as in silico approaches, many drug candidates have been investigated in clinical trials, some of which have been proven to be partially effective against COVID-19, and many of the other drugs are currently under extensive screening. The repurposing of prospective drug candidates from different stages of evaluation can be a handy wellspring in COVID-19 management and treatment along with approved anti-COVID-19 vaccines. This review article combined the information from completed clinical trials, case series, cohort studies, meta-analyses, and retrospective studies to focus on the current status of repurposing drugs in 2021.

Biochemic System of Medicine

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-431
Author(s):  
Srijan Goswami ◽  
Sagarika Mitra ◽  
Piyasee Paul ◽  
Dipjyoti Dey ◽  
Sankalan Das
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutrition Science ◽  
The World ◽  
History And Literature ◽  
Health Organization

The biochemic system of medicine, also known as the inorganic cell salt therapy, pioneered by Dr. Wilhelm Heinrich Schuessler, following the footsteps of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, is the oldest form of nutraceutical therapy approved and recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the complementary therapies. The chapter presents the fundamental ideology and concepts that underlies the promising system of biochemic medicine as concisely, simply, and to-the-point as possible. The chapter begins with a brief introduction to biochemic system, nutrition science, and concepts of nutraceuticals, followed by a brief history and literature review. It covers biochemic system of medicine and its relevant concepts before closing the chapter with a conclusion.

scholarly journals Anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity activities of purpurin in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells and in mice fed a high-fat diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Nam ◽  
Seok Hyun Nam ◽  
Sung Phil Kim ◽  
Carol Levin ◽  
Mendel Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
In Cells

Abstract Background The body responds to overnutrition by converting stem cells to adipocytes. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown polyphenols and other natural compounds to be anti-adipogenic, presumably due in part to their antioxidant properties. Purpurin is a highly antioxidative anthraquinone and previous studies on anthraquinones have reported numerous biological activities in cells and animals. Anthraquinones have also been used to stimulate osteoblast differentiation, an inversely-related process to that of adipocyte differentiation. We propose that due to its high antioxidative properties, purpurin administration might attenuate adipogenesis in cells and in mice. Methods Our study will test the effect purpurin has on adipogenesis using both in vitro and in vivo models. The in vitro model consists of tracking with various biomarkers, the differentiation of pre-adipocyte to adipocytes in cell culture. The compound will then be tested in mice fed a high-fat diet. Murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells were stimulated to differentiate in the presence or absence of purpurin. The following cellular parameters were measured: intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane potential of the mitochondria, ATP production, activation of AMPK (adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase), insulin-induced lipid accumulation, triglyceride accumulation, and expression of PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ) and C/EBPα (CCAAT enhancer binding protein α). In vivo, mice were fed high fat diets supplemented with various levels of purpurin. Data collected from the animals included anthropometric data, glucose tolerance test results, and postmortem plasma glucose, lipid levels, and organ examinations. Results The administration of purpurin at 50 and 100 μM in 3T3-L1 cells, and at 40 and 80 mg/kg in mice proved to be a sensitive range: the lower concentrations affected several measured parameters, whereas at the higher doses purpurin consistently mitigated biomarkers associated with adipogenesis, and weight gain in mice. Purpurin appears to be an effective antiadipogenic compound. Conclusion The anthraquinone purpurin has potent in vitro anti-adipogenic effects in cells and in vivo anti-obesity effects in mice consuming a high-fat diet. Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was dose-dependently inhibited by purpurin, apparently by AMPK activation. Mice on a high-fat diet experienced a dose-dependent reduction in induced weight gain of up to 55%.

scholarly journals Accelerated repurposing and drug development of pulmonary hypertension therapies for COVID-19 treatment using an AI-integrated biosimulation platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Chakravarty ◽  
Victor Antontsev ◽  
Aditya Jagarapu ◽  
Yogesh Bundey ◽  
Hypatia Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mechanistic Modeling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Line Of Therapy

Abstract A World Health Organization-declared pandemic, COVID-19, has affected more than 4 million people worldwide with over 100,000 deaths and growing in the United States. Due to the fast-spreading and multi-targeted nature of the virus, it is clear that drugs and/or vaccines need to be developed at an accelerated rate, and a combinatorial approach may stand to be more successful than a single drug therapy. Among several targets and pathways that are under investigation, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and specifically Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and Ca2+ -mediated SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry and replication are noteworthy. A combination of ACE inhibitors (e.g. benazepril) and calcium channel blockers (CCB, e.g. amlodipine), a critical line of therapy for pulmonary hypertension, has shown therapeutic relevance in COVID-19 when investigated independently. To that end, we conducted in silico modeling using BIOiSIM, an AI-integrated mechanistic modeling platform by utilizing known preclinical in vitro and in vivo datasets to accurately simulate systemic therapy disposition and site-of-action penetration of the CCB and ACEI compounds to tissues implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Natural and Synthetic Polymers for Bone Scaffolds Optimization

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Donnaloja ◽  
Emanuela Jacchetti ◽  
Monica Soncini ◽  
Manuela T. Raimondi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Polymeric Scaffold ◽  
Technology Improvement

Bone tissue is the structural component of the body, which allows locomotion, protects vital internal organs, and provides the maintenance of mineral homeostasis. Several bone-related pathologies generate critical-size bone defects that our organism is not able to heal spontaneously and require a therapeutic action. Conventional therapies span from pharmacological to interventional methodologies, all of them characterized by several drawbacks. To circumvent these effects, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are innovative and promising approaches that exploit the capability of bone progenitors, especially mesenchymal stem cells, to differentiate into functional bone cells. So far, several materials have been tested in order to guarantee the specific requirements for bone tissue regeneration, ranging from the material biocompatibility to the ideal 3D bone-like architectural structure. In this review, we analyse the state-of-the-art of the most widespread polymeric scaffold materials and their application in in vitro and in vivo models, in order to evaluate their usability in the field of bone tissue engineering. Here, we will present several adopted strategies in scaffold production, from the different combination of materials, to chemical factor inclusion, embedding of cells, and manufacturing technology improvement.

Biochemic System of Medicine

2022 ◽  
pp. 962-984
Author(s):  
Srijan Goswami ◽  
Sagarika Mitra ◽  
Piyasee Paul ◽  
Dipjyoti Dey ◽  
Sankalan Das
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutrition Science ◽  
The World ◽  
History And Literature ◽  
Health Organization

The biochemic system of medicine, also known as the inorganic cell salt therapy, pioneered by Dr. Wilhelm Heinrich Schuessler, following the footsteps of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, is the oldest form of nutraceutical therapy approved and recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the complementary therapies. The chapter presents the fundamental ideology and concepts that underlies the promising system of biochemic medicine as concisely, simply, and to-the-point as possible. The chapter begins with a brief introduction to biochemic system, nutrition science, and concepts of nutraceuticals, followed by a brief history and literature review. It covers biochemic system of medicine and its relevant concepts before closing the chapter with a conclusion.

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