scholarly journals The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid profile of raw milk

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Ludmila Křížová ◽  
Eva Samková ◽  
Jiří Špička ◽  
Josef Kučera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Chain Branch

Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of cow breed, season and type of diet on the fatty acid (FA) profile of raw milk. A 2-year study was conducted on bulk milk samples collected from eight herds consisting of Czech Fleckvieh (CF, four herds) and Holstein (H, four herds) breeds. One half of the herds of each breed was grazed (G), while the other half was not (N). Samples were collected twice in winter (W) and twice in summer (S). Milk yield in CF (5385.50 kg) was lower than in H (7015.15 kg, P <  0.05). The effect of breed was found in odd-chain, branch-chain and hypercholesterolemic FAs (P <  0.05). The content of fat was lower in summer (S) than in winter (W), being 3.71 and 3.91 g 100 g−1, respectively (P <  0.05). The proportion of saturated and polyunsaturated FAs was lower in S than in W (P <  0.05). The content of monounsaturated FAs was higher in S (30.69 g 100 g−1) than in W (27.72 g 100 g−1, P <  0.05). Milk yield in grazing herds (G, 5197.50 kg) was lower (P <  0.05) than in non-grazing herds (N, 7203.75 kg). The sum of saturated and hypercholesterolemic FAs was lower and the sum of monounsaturated and odd-chain FAs was higher in G than in N (P <  0.05). Content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and C18:3n3 was higher in G (0.93 and 0.64 g 100 g−1) than in N (0.42 and 0.39 g 100 g−1, respectively, P <  0.001).

scholarly journals The effect of cattle breed, season and type of diet on nitrogen fractions and amino acid profile of raw milk

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 709-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Křížová ◽  
O. Hanuš ◽  
P. Roubal ◽  
J. Kučera ◽  
S. Hadrová
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk

Abstract. The aim of the study was to describe the differences in nitrogen fractions and deepen the knowledge in the amino acid profile of raw milk affected by the breed of cattle, season and type of feeding. The study was conducted from June 2005 to February 2007 on 64 bulk milk samples collected from eight herds consisting of Czech Fleckvieh (four herds) and Holstein (four herds) breed. One half of the herds of each breed was grazed while the other half was not. Samples were collected twice in winter and twice in summer. The effect of the breed resulted in differences in milk yield that was lower in Czech Fleckvieh (5 385.50 kg) than in Holstein (7 015.15 kg, P<0.05). The content of nitrogen fractions was higher in Czech Fleckvieh than in Holstein (P<0.05). No effect of the breed on the amino acid profile of milk was observed except on the concentration of Glu (P<0.05). The effect of the season was demonstrated in the decrease of the concentrations of nitrogen fractions and Met during summer in comparison to winter (P<0.05). The effect of the type of feeding resulted in lower milk yield (5 197.50 and 7 203.75 kg) and lower concentrations of nitrogen fractions in grazed herds compared to non-grazed herds (P<0.05), respectively. Furthermore, the amino acid profile of milk differed significantly between grazed and non-grazed herds (P<0.05).

Supplementation with whole cottonseed changes milk composition and milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Dayani ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani ◽  
A. K. Esmailizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Whole Cottonseed

Eight multiparous Holstein cows in mid lactation (average days in milking of 160 ± 40) were used in a replicated 4 by 4 Latin square design, each experimental period lasting 3 weeks, to determine the effects of whole cottonseed (WCS) treatment and dietary crude protein (CP) concentration on the profile of milk fatty acids. Each 3-week experimental period consisted of 2 weeks for ration adaptation followed by 1 week for data collection. The experimental diets consisted of: (1) Control (without WCS), 16% CP; (2) 20% WCS, 16% CP; (3) 20% WCS, 13% CP; and (4) 20% crushed WCS, 13% CP. Minerals and vitamin supplements were the same in all experimental diets. The WCS treatment led to increased DM intake, fat-corrected milk yield, fat concentration, proportion of long-chain fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P < 0.05). Decreased concentration of dietary CP from 16 to 13% (diet 2 compared with diet 3) led to a decrease in both milk yield and milk composition (P < 0.05). WCS crushed in diets with 13% CP (diet 4 compared with diet 3) increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat. The results demonstrated that adding WCS to the diet of lactating cows improves both milk yield and milk fatty acid profile, particularly the proportion of conjugated linoleic acid.

scholarly journals Composition, Physical and Technological Properties of Raw Milk as Affected by Cattle Breed, Season and Type of Diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Křížová ◽  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Sylvie Hadrová ◽  
Josef Kučera ◽  
Eva Samková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
True Protein

AbstractThe aim of the study was to describe the differences in composition, physical and technological properties of raw milk as affected by breed of cattle, season and type of feeding. The study was conducted from June 2005 to February 2007 on bulk milk samples (BMS) collected from 8 commercial dairy herds consisting of Czech Fleckvieh (CF, 4 herds) and Holstein (H, 4 herds) dairy cows. Half of herds in each breed was grazing (G) during summer season while the other half was not (N). Samples were collected regularly two times in winter (W) and two times in summer (S) period resulting in a total of 64 bulk milk samples (BMS) examined. Milk yield in CF (5385.50 kg) was lower (P<0.05) than in H (7015.15 kg). Milk fat in CF was higher (P<0.05) than in H breed being 3.9 and 3.72 g/100 g, respectively. CF cows had higher (P<0.05) content of crude protein, casein, true protein and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) than H. Content of fat, crude protein, casein, true protein and whey protein was lower (P<0.05) in summer (S) than in winter (W). Milk yield in grazing herds (G, 5197.50 kg) was lower (P<0.05) than in non-grazing herds (N, 7203.75 kg). Content of fat was higher (P<0.05) in G (3.89 g/100 g) than in N (3.73 g/100 g). Concentration of lactose, urea, crude protein, casein, true protein, whey protein was lower (P<0.05) in G than in N. In conclusion, the Czech Fleckvieh breed had a lower milk yield but produced milk with higher concentration of the main milk components than the Czech population of the Holstein breed. Large seasonal variations were determined in concentrations of the main milk components. The most pronounced changes in milk composition were caused by the type of feeding with a clear decrease in milk yield and content of lactose and all studied protein fractions and higher content of fat in grazing herds compared to non-grazing herds.

A gas chromatographic study of the conjugated linoleic acid and other fatty acid contents of raw milk samples from Galicia (NW Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1004
Author(s):  
Araceli González-García ◽  
Beatriz Paz-Rodríguez ◽  
Manuel Aboal-Somoza ◽  
María Raquel Domínguez-González ◽  
Pilar Bermejo-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Milk Samples

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile and CLA Content of Goat Milk: Influence of Feeding System

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Tudisco ◽  
Micaela Grossi ◽  
Laura Addi ◽  
Nadia Musco ◽  
Monica Isabella Cutrignelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Alfalfa Hay

<p>There is great interest in producing bioethanol from biomass and there is much emphasis on exploiting The effect of pasture and of diet linseed supplementation on fatty acid profile of milk was evaluated using 45 pluriparous goats, equally divided after kidding into three homogeneous groups (H, P and L). Group H (control) and L were housed in a stall receiving alfalfa hay, while group P was led to pasture. The groups received concentrate which for group L had linseed as ingredient. Average milk yield did not statistically differ between the groups. Groups P showed significantly higher fat content than group H and L (4.62% <em>vs</em> 3.70%, and 3.90% respectively for groups P, H and L; P &lt; 0.01). On the contrary, milk from goats of group H and L had significantly higher content of lactose (4.65% and 4.61% <em>vs</em> 4.57%, respectively for groups H, L and P; P &lt; 0.05). The levels of C18:1 <em>cis9</em>, C18:1 <em>trans11 </em>and MUFA in milk were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased by both the pasture and linseed, while linoleic acid (C18:2) and PUFA were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher in group P compared either to H or to L groups. The highest values of CLAs, either as <em>t11</em> CLA and <em>t10 c12</em> CLA or as SCLA, have been registered in milk of group P, the lowest in group H. These parameters in milk of group L were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) lower or higher than those of group P and H, respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of Maternal Diet on Human Milk Composition Among Lactating Women in Latvia

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Līva Aumeistere ◽  
Inga Ciproviča ◽  
Dace Zavadska ◽  
Juris Andersons ◽  
Viktors Volkovs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Milk Samples

Background and objectives: Many studies indicate that the maternal diet is an important factor affecting human milk composition. Human milk composition among lactating women in Latvia, as well as the maternal diet during lactation, has not been sufficiently studied. The aim of this research was to assess dietary habits and macronutrient intake among lactating women in Latvia and to examine the effect of diet on human milk composition. Materials and Methods: Research was conducted between November 2016 and December 2017. Mature human milk samples (n = 61) along with a 72h food diary, a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and a questionnaire about maternal and infant characteristics were obtained from voluntary women who were recruited via an invitation published in a social media member group for nursing mothers. Fat content in human milk was determined by LVS ISO 2446:2008, protein content was determined by LVS EN ISO 8968-1:2014, lactose was determined by ISO 22662:2007, and the fatty acid profile was analyzed using gas chromatography. Dietary data were evaluated using the Finnish food composition database Fineli, release 19 (3 March 2018). Results: Median values for fat, protein, and lactose in mature human milk were 4.40%, 1.08%, and 6.52%, respectively. Predominant fatty acids in human milk were oleic acid (C18:1 n9c), palmitic acid (C16:0), and linoleic acid (C18:2 n6c) at 34.60%, 24.00%, and 11.00% of total fatty acids, respectively. The trans elaidic acid (C18:1 n9t) level was <0.10% in all human milk samples. Significant, positive associations (p < 0.05) were found between maternal dietary intake of linoleic, α-linolenic, docosahexaenoic, total cis-monounsaturated, total cis-polyunsaturated, and total n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the ratio of n-6/n-3, and the level of these fatty acids in human milk. Total energy and carbohydrate intake among participants were lower, but total fat, saturated fat, and sugar intake were higher than recommended. Protein, linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid intake were adequate, but docosahexaenoic acid intake was noticeably lower than recommended. Women should be supported with information regarding their nutritional needs during lactation and the possible impact of diet on human milk composition. Conclusion: Macronutrient (fat, protein, and lactose) content in human milk is not affected by maternal diet. Conversely, the human milk fatty acid profile is affected by the immediate diet consumed by the mother. Habitual dietary habits can also impact the fatty acid profile of human milk.

scholarly journals Mare’s Milk from a Small Polish Specialized Farm—Basic Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile, and Healthy Lipid Indices

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1590
Author(s):  
Grażyna Czyżak-Runowska ◽  
Jacek Antoni Wójtowski ◽  
Romualda Danków ◽  
Daniel Stanisławski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Bulk Tank

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and values of healthy indices of milk from a specialized farm of Polish Coldblood mares of different ages, birth orders, and lactation stages. Milk samples (n = 48) were collected for analysis in weeks 10, 15, and 25 of lactation from mares aged between five and 14 years. The study showed that the stage of lactation has a significant effect on the fatty acid (FA) profile of the milk produced on the farm. The highest concentration of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs was found in milk produced from the 15th week of lactation. The milk was also characterized by low values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, which indicate the health benefits of milk with respect to the content of fatty acids and their potential to prevent or cause atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The study also found a significant correlation between the number of foalings (birth order), the fatty acid profile, and atherogenic index of milk produced on the farm. The findings from the study indicate that it is possible to modify the fatty acid profile of bulk tank milk through appropriate management of the age structure of the herd of mares. To confirm this dependence, the study will be continued on a larger group of mares.

scholarly journals Nutritional impacts of using graded levels of dietary linoleic acid on egg production, egg quality, and yolk fatty acid profile of laying ducks

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Khaled Abouelezz Fouad Mohammed ◽  
Yanan Zhang ◽  
Dong Ruan ◽  
Weiguang Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Linoleic Acid

scholarly journals Fatty acid profile of "bottled butter fat" produced in the region of Salinas, Minas Gerais

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1615-1620
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Clemente ◽  
Luiz Ronaldo de Abreu ◽  
Sandra Maria Pinto ◽  
Creuza Pedroso Amaral Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Butter Fat

The economic history of Salinas, Minas Gerais is largely based on cattle-breeding. The discoverers found in the city's region a large potential for the progress of their activities, either in agriculture or in cattle-breeding (OLIVEIRA, 2000). Even today, milk production plays an important role in family farming activities, which besides raw milk, provides curdal cheese, cottage cheese, and "bottled butter fat", which is manufactured with fat extracted from whey. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the fatty acid profile of "bottled butter fat" produced in Salinas, in the northern region of Minas Gerais , and also to analyze the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acid of these butters. The fatty acid profile of the "bottled butter fat" was determined by chromatographic analysis, according to methodology advanced by Luddy et al. (1960), and later modified by Abreu (1993). Analysis of variance was applied for comparison of the averages by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The fatty acid profiles of all the "bottled butter fat" were found to be similar. The concentration of saturated fatty acids was higher than that of the unsaturated, with averages of 60,36% and 39,64%, respectively.

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