scholarly journals Ideas and perspectives: Biogeochemistry – some key foci for the future

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3005-3013
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Bianchi ◽  
Madhur Anand ◽  
Chris T. Bauch ◽  
Donald E. Canfield ◽  
Luc De Meester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Current Concern ◽  
Integration Of Disciplines

Abstract. Biogeochemistry has an important role to play in many environmental issues of current concern related to global change and air, water, and soil quality. However, reliable predictions and tangible implementation of solutions, offered by biogeochemistry, will need further integration of disciplines. Here, we refocus on how further developing and strengthening ties between biology, geology, chemistry, and social sciences will advance biogeochemistry through (1) better incorporation of mechanisms, including contemporary evolutionary adaptation, to predict changing biogeochemical cycles, and (2) implementing new and developing insights from social sciences to better understand how sustainable and equitable responses by society are achieved. The challenges for biogeochemists in the 21st century are formidable and will require both the capacity to respond fast to pressing issues (e.g., catastrophic weather events and pandemics) and intense collaboration with government officials, the public, and internationally funded programs. Keys to success will be the degree to which biogeochemistry can make biogeochemical knowledge more available to policy makers and educators about predicting future changes in the biosphere, on timescales from seasons to centuries, in response to climate change and other anthropogenic impacts. Biogeochemistry also has a place in facilitating sustainable and equitable responses by society.

scholarly journals Ideas and perspectives: Biogeochemistry – Its Future Role in Interdisciplinary Frontiers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Bianchi ◽  
Madhur Anand ◽  
Chris T. Bauch ◽  
Donald E. Canfield ◽  
Luc De Meester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Integration Of Disciplines ◽  
Term Monitoring

Abstract. Biogeochemistry has an important role to play in many environmental issues of current concern related to global change and air, water, and soil quality. However, reliable predictions and tangible take-up of solutions offered by biogeochemistry will need further integration of disciplines. Here, we emphasize how further developing ties between biology, geology, and chemistry and social sciences will advance biogeochemistry through: 1) better integration of mechanisms including contemporary evolutionary adaptation to predict changing biogeochemical cycles; 2) better integration of data from long-term monitoring sites in terrestrial, aquatic, and human systems across temporal and spatial scales, including the continental and global scale, for use in modeling efforts; and 3) implementing insights from social sciences to better understand how sustainable and equitable responses by society are achieved. The challenges of 21st century biogeochemists are formidable, and will require both the capacity to respond fast to pressing issues and intense collaboration with government officials, the public, and internationally-funded programs. Keys to its success will be the degree to which biogeochemistry succeeds in making biogeochemical knowledge more available to policy makers and educators, in predicting future changes in the biosphere in response to climate change and other anthropogenic impacts on time scales from seasons to centuries, and in facilitating sustainable and equitable responses by society.

Environment and Energy: A Public Opinion Survey in Davao City

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MAIAN J. COZO
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

For the past decades, environment and its relevant issues are becoming the greatest concern of most countries. Public opinion becomes the interest of most policy makers and sociologist reformist. Improved understanding of public perceptions about global warming and other environmental issues can contribute to informing scientific and policy discussions. The aim of this study is to assess the (1) the extent of concern on the major environmental issues of the city (2) the preference between environmental protection and energy production, and (3) to compare the extent of concern of the public according to their respective district.  A total of 1151 respondents, ages 18 and above was derived using the systematic sampling at 95% confidence interval, and proportionate sampling distribution to ensure representativeness with the population of the city. The results suggest that Dabawenyos are greatly worried about global warming (92%), deforestation and urban flooding (88%), and energy crisis are considered as the most alarming environmental problem in the city. Moreover, they are more favorable to environmentally-friendly solutions in addressing the city’s energy problem, and the government should put greater emphasis on the development of renewable energy (96%). The degree of concerns and emphasis on environmental protection of the community can be directly equated to the traumatic environmental phenomena that had happened in the city.   Keywords: Ecology and Conservation, environmental issues, renewable energy, poll survey, Philippines

Biological Conservation

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-120
Author(s):  
Gerardo P. Reyes ◽  
Nandakumar Kanavillil ◽  
Ryan Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Biological Conservation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Meaningful Engagement

Despite building a clear and compelling message about the importance of conserving biodiversity and what we risk in depleting it, meaningful engagement from implicated stakeholders remains limited. Past studies have examined the gap between the possession of environmental knowledge and displaying behavior that would help to conserve it. Essentially, increasing awareness and interest in environmental issues does not ensure that individuals will make the necessary changes in behaviours detrimental to biological conservation. This is a concern as failure to meaningfully engage the public into acting on conservation strategies will hamper efforts to curb biodiversity loss. Herein the authors investigate why action to address biodiversity loss has been slow or deficient in many jurisdictions. The authors draw from models and theories developed in health and social sciences to provide context to the key factors that prevent action and propose steps that could be taken to stimulate it.

Studying Up: A Scrutiny of South African Tourism Policy

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Briedenhann ◽  
Steve Butts
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Participation Research ◽  
Policy Arena

In recent years structural changes have directly affected the public sector management of South African tourism. This paper provides an understanding of structural and policy changes, and their seeming lack of implementation, through primary research carried out with policy makers, government officials, and other high profile players involved in South African tourism. Access to what is normally such an inaccessible group was obtained by the first author, who held a prominent position in South African tourism. Her post put her in direct contact with informants that established the level of rapport necessary for their participation. Research findings provide insights into the policy arena that would otherwise be challenging, if not impossible, to obtain.

Prophets, policy-makers and advocates: The World Council of Churches and institutional environmental ethics, 1991-2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 445-465
Author(s):  
Daniel Mcfee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
World Council Of Churches ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
World Council

The World Council of Churches (WCC) addresses environmental issues in three modes in its institutional work as a religious non-governmental organization: in the prophetic mode, in the public policy expert mode and in the mode of an advocate. If one is to understand the WCC’s commitment to environmental issues, this three-tiered hermeneutic is necessary so that its complex institutional aims are represented accurately. Moreover, this hermeneutic also aids in sketching the WCC’s larger ethical commitments as a Christian body and as a consultative religious non-governmental organization within the United Nations. This paper affords a more complete vision than many scholars have offered in terms of how religious NGOs approach extraordinarily complex ethical issues in the world today. Le Conseil oecuménique des Églises (COE) s’adresse aux questions environnementales en trois modes dans son travail institutionnel comme organisation non-gouvernementale religieuse : le mode prophétique, le mode d’expert en affaires publiques, et le mode d’un avocat. Si on veut comprendre l’engagement du COE aux problèmes environnementaux, cet herméneutique à trois gradins est necessaire pour que ses objectifs institutionnels complexes soient representés fidèlement. D’ailleurs, cet herméneutique aide aussi à esquisser les engagements moraux plus grands du COE comme organisme chrétien et comme organisation non-gouvernementale religieuse au sein de l’Organisation des nations unies. La communication présente permet une vision plus complète que celles offertes par plusieurs savants en ce qui concerne la manière dans laquelle les ONG religieuses abordent des questions morales extrêmement complexes du monde d’aujourd’hui.

Resolution of Investor-State Controversies in Developing Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Gantz
Keyword(s):  
Government Officials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Process Factors ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Legal Expertise ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe large volume of literature and commentary on resolution of investor-state disputes tends to focus primarily on the rights of the foreign investor and the process through which the investor may protect her interest through investor-state arbitration, either at the World Bank’s ICSID or in some other forum. Where issues relating to governments-as-respondents have been addressed, the emphasis has often been on nations such as the three NAFTA Parties and other relatively large and affluent nations such as Argentina. Until relatively recently, much less attention has been paid to challenges facing small developing respondents, such as the member nations of CAFTA-DR, Chile, Colombia or Ecuador. How, for example, should such governments respond to and manage claims, some of which in magnitude may represent a significant portion of the annual budget of the respondent government, when there is relatively limited in-house legal expertise and experience in such dispute resolution? Fortunately, UNCTAD and others have begun to take such challenges into account and to provide training for respondent government officials. Still, further actions are needed, including educating policy makers and the public as to the risks that arise in the investor-state dispute context and how best to address them. Changes in BITs and FTA investment provisions are also warranted. This article identifies the nature of the challenges presented to such governments and suggests practical means of dealing with them more effectively. It addresses, inter alia, coordination issues for the national administering authority; means of identifying and resolving such disputes before they reach the arbitration stage; effective use of outside legal advisers at various stages of the process; factors relating to the selection of arbitrators; administration of the arbitral process; and making current and future bilateral investment treaties more responsive to the procedural needs of respondent government. The article also draws on the history of a number of nations with experience in responding to and/or litigating investor state disputes.

scholarly journals Assessing Print Media Coverage on Environmental Issues in Pakistan: A Study of Major Newspapers in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Abdul Razaque Chhachhar ◽  
Ghulam Shabir Arain ◽  
Dastar Ali Chandio
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Large Level

Nowadays, Pakistan faces sever environmental problems in spite of existing laws willing to defend the sustainable environment. In today’s environmental crisis, print media has a unique role to play among various stakeholders which consists of policy makers, Government, NGO’s and the public at large level. No one can deny from the role of print media as a source of information about education for millions of readers. There are many newspapers such as national Urdu, English and regional published daily in Pakistan. In Pakistan, media is also divided language with series of media in vernacular languages including Sindhi, Punjabi and Pashto. In this research, the content analysis of three newspapers Daily Dawn, Daily Jang and Daily Kawish was done of 2016, year to check the Length and Frequency of five major environmental issues Water Crisis, Agriculture Crisis, Pollution, Climate change and Deforestation. The data of following issues were analyzed by using tabulations month wise and finally year wise. English newspaper Dawn has given more coverage to these concerned issues, while secondly Urdu Jang newspaper has given coverage and Kawish has covered less number of stories regarding five major environmental issues.

Sociology and institutional racism1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Murji
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Black Power ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Black Power Movement ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Internal View ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter traces the origins of the term ‘institutional racism’ in the 1960s in the Black Power movement, and its adoption and then rejection by policy makers and the academy. This history reflects the rise and fall of institutional racism over at least four decades from the 1960s. Nevertheless, it is a term and an idea that refuses to go away, as events in 2014–16 show. The chapter then links the public face of institutional racism — in relation to the police — with an ‘internal’ view of how it was utilised to critique the whiteness of sociology, itself something that has been revived to denounce universities and the social sciences through campaigns such as ‘Rhodes must fall’.

The Impact of the Public Expenditure Cuts Policy on the Labor Market in Vietnam

2012 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Huong Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
Toan Pham Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public expenditure cuts on employment and income to support policies for the development of the labor mar- ket. Impact evaluation is of interest for policy makers as well as researchers. This paper presents a method – that is based on a Computable General Equilibrium model – to analyse the impact of the public expenditure cuts policy on employment and income in industries and occupations in Vietnam using macro data, the Input output table, 2006, 2008 and the 2010 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey.

How to Tell the Truth without Outraging the Press?

MedienJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Li Xiguang
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chinese News Media

The commercialization of meclia in China has cultivated a new journalism business model characterized with scandalization, sensationalization, exaggeration, oversimplification, highly opinionated news stories, one-sidedly reporting, fabrication and hate reporting, which have clone more harm than good to the public affairs. Today the Chinese journalists are more prey to the manipu/ation of the emotions of the audiences than being a faithful messenger for the public. Une/er such a media environment, in case of news events, particularly, during crisis, it is not the media being scared by the government. but the media itself is scaring the government into silence. The Chinese news media have grown so negative and so cynica/ that it has produced growing popular clistrust of the government and the government officials. Entering a freer but fearful commercially mediated society, the Chinese government is totally tmprepared in engaging the Chinese press effectively and has lost its ability for setting public agenda and shaping public opinions. 

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