Hele-Shaw Cell of Varying Thickness for Modeling of Leakage Pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Trudel ◽  
Ian Frigaard
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Varying Thickness ◽  
Important Player ◽  
Wellbore Leakage ◽  
Well Abandonment ◽  
Hele Shaw Cell

<p>Canada is an important player in the global oil and gas industry and is ranked fourth largest producer of natural gas and crude oil. Alberta and British Columbia are the two largest producing provinces of natural gas with a combined 98% of the national production. Recent development of the Montney formation, a low permeability unit, has led to a rise in the number of unconventional (horizontal and hydraulically fractured) wells drilled in Western Canada. Recent studies have shown that 28.5% of wells drilled starting in 2010 in British Columbia have reported an instance of wellbore leakage, and 4.0% of the wells drilled in Alberta during the same time period have also reported an instance of wellbore leakage resulting in several thousand wells with known leakage issues in these two provinces. Wellbore leakage is the unwanted flow of hydrocarbons from the reservoir, or a formation intersected by the well, through leakage pathways found along the wellbore and discharging to the atmosphere through either the surface casing assembly, surface casing vent flow (SCVF) or a surrounding permeable formation, gas migration (GM). In addition to the greenhouse gas emissions produced by wellbore, groundwater contamination may occur. Provincial regulations state that the remediation of cases of non-serious wellbore leakage, which represents 85.5% of the cases of wellbore leakage in Alberta and over 94% of the cases in British Columbia, can be delayed until the time of well abandonment. Less than 30% of the gas wells in these provinces have been abandoned and both provinces are seeing an alarming number of suspended wells which can be considered ready for abandonment. At which point, wells experiencing wellbore leakage will need to be remediated. Understanding of wellbore leakage, which occurs through leakage pathways such as radial cracks and microannulus, is limited. The model presented in this study relies on flow through a Hele-Shaw cell of varying thickness representing a microannulus. Microannulus thickness data is obtained through experimental data available in the literature. The aim of the model is to determine the flow rate of natural gas through a microannulus of varying thickness and the resulting permeability of the leakage pathways.</p>

Complex Subsurface Well Abandonments Using Relief Well Methodologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Dorey ◽  
Georgy Rassadkin ◽  
Douglas Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Seepage ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Well Abandonment ◽  
Efficient Option ◽  
Practice Methods

Abstract The field experience in the continental US suggests that approximately 33% of plug and abandonment operations are non-routine, and 5% require re-entry (Greer C.R., 2018). In some scenarios, the most cost-efficient option for the intervention is drilling an intercept well to re-enter the target well or multiple wells externally using advanced survey management and magnetic ranging techniques. This paper presents the methods applied of relief well methodologies from the planning to execution of a complex multiple-well abandonment project. Improvements in Active Magnetic Ranging sensor design and applications have improved the availability of highly precise tools for the purpose of locating and intercepting wellbores where access is not possible. These instruments were commonplace on relief well interventions, however, have found a new application in solving one of the major issues facing the oil and gas industry. Subsurface abandonments are a complex task that requires a robust methodology. In this paper, we describe the techniques that have been built upon the best practices from industry experience (ISCWSA WISC eBook). This paper also illustrates how the combination of advanced survey management, gyro surveying, and magnetic ranging can be used following the best industry practices for fast and cost-efficient non-routine plug and abandonment. Case studies of several abandonment projects are presented showing the various technical challenges which are common on idle and legacy wells. The projects include wells that are currently under the ownership of an operator and orphaned wells that have been insufficiently abandoned and left idle over many decades. The case studies outline how the application of relief well methodologies to the execution of complex sub surface interventions led to the successful outcomes of meeting environmental and government regulations for wellbore abandonment. This includes performing multiple zonal isolations between reservoirs, water zones and preventing oil and gas seepage to the surface. The projects and their outcomes prove economically viable strategies for tackling the growing issue of idle and orphaned wells globally in a fiscally responsible manner. Combining industry best practice methods for relief well drilling, along with the technological advancements in magnetic ranging systems is a solution for one of the largest dilemmas facing the oil and gas industry in relation to idle and orphaned wellbores. These applications allow previously considered impossible abandonments to be completed with a high probability of long-term success in permanent abandonment.

Aboriginal employment—Chevron's journey

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Camis Smith
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Corporate Leadership ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Internal Support ◽  
Employer Of Choice ◽  
Energy Companies

Advancing Aboriginal participation in the workplace comes with its challenges, and those experienced in the oil and gas industry are unique. Barriers to participation need to be regularly evaluated and addressed for success. Although Chevron Australia's focus on Aboriginal employment is fairly recent, it receives strong internal support from senior and corporate leadership. It will be important in the future to further this commitment and build ownership throughout the organisation to achieve long-term results and meet business needs and skills gaps. Camis Smith, Chevron Australia's Aboriginal Employment Strategy Manager, will share Chevron's experiences, lessons and challenges in advancing Aboriginal participation in the workplace, and reinforce its reputation as an employer of choice. Chevron is one of the world's leading integrated energy companies and through its Australian subsidiaries, has been present in Australia for more than 60 years. With the ingenuity and commitment of more than 4,000 people, Chevron Australia leads the development of the Gorgon and Wheatstone natural gas projects, and has been operating Australia's largest onshore oilfield on Barrow Island for more than 45 years.

scholarly journals Calculating the Optimum Angle of Filament-Wound Pipes in Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines Using Approximation Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khoshravan Azar ◽  
Ali Akbar Emami Satellou ◽  
Mohammad Shishesaz ◽  
Bahram Salavati
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Approximation Methods ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Optimal Angle ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission

Given the increasing use of composite materials in various industries, oil and gas industry also requires that more attention should be paid to these materials. Furthermore, due to variation in choice of materials, the materials needed for the mechanical strength, resistance in critical situations such as fire, costs and other priorities of the analysis carried out on them and the most optimal for achieving certain goals, are introduced. In this study, we will try to introduce appropriate choice for use in the natural gas transmission composite pipelines. Following a 4-layered filament-wound (FW) composite pipe will consider an offer our analyses under internal pressure. The analyses’ results will be calculated for different combinations of angles 15 deg, 30 deg, 45 deg, 55 deg, 60 deg, 75 deg, and 80 deg. Finally, we will compare the calculated values and the optimal angle will be gained by using the Approximation methods. It is explained that this layering is as the symmetrical.

The natural gas industry: equipment, materials, and corrosion

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Valdez ◽  
Michael Schorr ◽  
Jose M. Bastidas
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Municipal Networks ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Natural Gas Industry ◽  
The Usa

AbstractCorrosion is a crucial worldwide problem that strongly affects the oil and gas industry. Natural gas (NG) is a source of energy used in industrial, residential, commercial, and electric applications. The abundance of NG in many countries augurs a profitable situation for the vast energy industry. NG is considered friendlier to the environment and has lesser greenhouse gas emissions compared with other fossil fuels. In the last years, shale gas is increasingly exploited in the USA and in Europe, using a hydraulic fracturing (fracking) technique for releasing gas from the bedrock by injection of saline water, acidic chemicals, and sand to the wells. Various critical sectors of the NG industry infrastructure suffer from several types of corrosion: steel casings of production wells and their drilling equipment, gas-conveying pipelines including pumps and valves, plants for regasification of liquefied NG, and municipal networks of NG distribution to the consumers. Practical technologies that minimize or prevent corrosion include selection of corrosion-resistant engineering materials, cathodic protection, use of corrosion inhibitors, and application of external and internal paints, coatings, and linings. Typical cases of corrosion management in the NG industry are presented based on the authors’ experience and knowledge.

scholarly journals Characterization and Treatment Technologies Applied for Produced Water in Qatar

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3573
Author(s):  
Hana D. Dawoud ◽  
Haleema Saleem ◽  
Nasser Abdullah Alnuaimi ◽  
Syed Javaid Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Oil Gas

Qatar is one of the major natural gas (NG) producing countries, which has the world’s third-largest NG reserves besides the largest supplier of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Since the produced water (PW) generated in the oil and gas industry is considered as the largest waste stream, cost-effective PW management becomes fundamentally essential. The oil/gas industries in Qatar produce large amounts of PW daily, hence the key challenges facing these industries reducing the volume of PW injected in disposal wells by a level of 50% for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the reservoir. Moreover, it is important to study the characteristics of PW to determine the appropriate method to treat it and then use it for various applications such as irrigation, or dispose of it without harming the environment. This review paper targets to highlight the generation of PW in Qatar, as well as discuss the characteristics of chemical, physical, and biological treatment techniques in detail. These processes and methods discussed are not only applied by Qatari companies, but also by other companies associated or in collaboration with those in Qatar. Finally, case studies from different companies in Qatar and the challenges of treating the PW are discussed. From the different studies analyzed, various techniques as well as sequencing of different techniques were noted to be employed for the effective treatment of PW.

scholarly journals KEY ISSUES OF ACCOUNTING FIXED ASSETS MANAGEMENT OF OIL AND GAS ENTERPRISES: ANALYSIS OF FEATURES, COMPOSITION AND VALUATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Sofia KAFKA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Key Issues

The article deals with the key issues concerning the system of security of fixed assets at the enterprises of the oil and gas industry. The purpose of the article is to investigate the fixed assets features and composition at the the enterprises of oil and gas industry, to determine the approaches to their assessment at the stage of their receipt by the enterprise. The state, dynamics of value and the degree of depreciation of fixed assets in Ukraine for the year 2017 have been analyzed, their features have been distinguished at the enterprises of different branches of the economy. To ensure the effective operation of the enterprises of the oil and gas industry, significant assets are required, and the results of their activities to a large extent depend on the availability and condition of fixed assets that ensure economic sustainability of economic entities. Oil and gas companies include pipelines and related equipment in fixed assets, oil and gas assets, machinery and equipment, buildings, buffer gas, drilling and reconnaissance equipment and other fixed assets. Among the assets of NJSC "NAFTOGAZ OF UKRAINE" for the year 2017, non-current assets occupied 86% of the total assets of the company, of which 94% were fixed assets, what determines the reliability of their accounting as an important element of effective management of enterprises. The dynamics of value and composition of fixed assets of enterprises of the oil and gas industry of Ukraine for 2016-2017 have been determined according to separate economic segments. The cost of fixed assets of NJSC "NAFTOGAZ OF UKRAINE" as of December 31, 2017 amounted to UAH 491 482 million, respectively, according to economic segments, it is structured in such a way that their largest share is concentrated in the system of transportation and distribution of natural gas - almost 48%, for storage of natural gas - 34%, production and sale of natural gas - 12%, and the rest belongs to the economic activities related to oil: the production of crude oil and gas condensate, transportation of crude oil. The composition of fixed assets of extractive enterprises differs from their composition in refineries. Industrial features of mining industry with significant volumes of work related to the disclosure of layers of minerals are characteristic to chemical production with a significant cost of equipment. The main approaches to the evaluation of fixed assets objects at the stage of their entrance to the enterprise have been investigated. The reliability of the accounting information on fixed assets depends on their assessment. When they are received, they are valued at their original cost, that is, by the amount of cash paid or their equivalents or fair value, another form of indemnity granted to obtain the asset at the time of its acquisition or creation, or, if accepted, the amount that is distributed to that asset in the original recognized in accordance with the specific requirements of other IFRSs. After recognition, the entity should choose either a cost model or a revaluation model in its accounting policies and should apply this policy to the entire group of fixed assets. A cessation of recognition occurs after the release of an object or when it does not expect future economic benefits from its use or disposal. In this case, it is recognized as profit or loss.

scholarly journals Current state of development of Kazakhstan’s oil and gas industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (79) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
A. U. Muhammedov ◽  
◽  
A. В. Tasmaganbetov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Average Monthly Salary ◽  
Monthly Salary

The article describes the current state of the domestic oil and gas industry. The volume of crude oil and natural gas production in the oil and gas industry is analyzed. The analysis of the gross output of natural gas and oil production, including gas condensate by region, is given and carried out. The number of employees in the main activity is given. The average monthly salary of employees in the main activity of the industry is determined.

scholarly journals Study of microfine cement use on squeeze cementing operations in plug and abandonment work

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asyri ◽  
Kamarza Mulia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Type Selection ◽  
Formation Zone ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Microfine Cement ◽  
Proper Material ◽  
Well Abandonment

The purpose of this study is to develop guideline and decision tree for selecting proper material of squeeze cementing operation as part of permanent well abandonment project in PT XYZ. The existing guideline in oil and gas industry does not cover the detail of cement type selection prior to do squeeze cementing job and this may cause failure in the operation and give the high cost impact due to remedial job. It is expected that the result of decision tree and guideline in this study can be used as a reference for plug and abandonment project in. The method used in this research is by calculating the value of the injectivity factor obtained from field study as a key factor in determining the type of cement for squeeze cementing operation. If the injector factor value is less than 2000 (<2000), it is concluded that G type cement (G class cement) is preferred to be used to isolate the reservoir formation zone. While for the injectivity factor value more than 2000 (> 2000), the reservoir is considered as tight formation and difficult to penetrate, so the use of microfine cement is expected to isolate the reservoir formation zone.

Modeling and Design of Inertial – Filtering Gas Separators-Condensers for Compressor Units of Oil and Gas Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.I. Sklabinskyi ◽  
А.A. Liaposhchenko ◽  
O.V. Nastenko ◽  
M.M. Al Rammahi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Gas Purification ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Natural Gas Purification

This article deals with a new method for natural gas purification from liquid drops - condensation separation method which is an alternative method as to traditionally used methods for this process organization. Authors present results of the research and models of separation process in the inertial-filtering separators-condensers used in the compressor plants of oil and gas industry.

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