Surface diffuse degassing monitoring of the Tenerife Northeastern Rift Zone (NERZ) volcano, Canary Islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Sáez-Gabarrón ◽  
Jazlyn Beeck ◽  
Sian Reilly ◽  
Mar Alonso ◽  
Víctor Ortega-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sequential Gaussian Simulation ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Average Value ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tenerife Island ◽  
Total Data

<p>The North East Rift volcanic Zone (NERZ) of Tenerife Island is one of the three volcanic rift-zones of the island, oriented NW-SE (NWRZ), NE-SW (NERZ) and a more scattered area on the south (NSRZ). From a volcano-structural point of view, NERZ is more complex than NW or NS rifts due the existence of Pedro Gil stratovolcano that broke the main NE-SW structure. Pedro Gil Caldera was formed  0.8  Ma ago by a vertical collapse of this stratovolcano. The most recent eruptive activity along the NERZ took place during 1704 and 1705 along a 13 km of fissural eruption of Arafo-Fasnia-Siete Fuentes. Diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission surveys have been undertaken in a yearly basis since 2001 in order to provide a multidisciplinary approach to monitor potential volcanic activity changes at the NERZ. The aim of this study is to report the results of the last soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux survey undertaken in summer 2019, with 639 measuring sites homogeneously distributed in an area of 210 km<sup>2</sup>. In-situ measurements of CO<sub>2</sub> efflux from the surface environment of NERZ were performed by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) following the accumulation chamber method. Soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux contour maps were constructed to identify spatio-temporal anomalies and to quantify the total CO<sub>2</sub> emission using the sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) interpolation method. The CO<sub>2</sub> efflux values ranged from non-detectable (0.5 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>) up to 72,3 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, with an average value of 10,9 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>. Statistical-graphical analysis of the 2019 data show two different geochemical populations; background (B) and peak (P) represented by 70.4% and 1.9% of the total data, respectively. The geometric means of the B and P populations are 0.4 and 4.3 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate was estimated in 2,205 t d<sup>-1</sup>. Studying the long-term variations on the diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission since 2001, two main pulses are identified: one in 2007 and a second one sustained over time between 2014 and 2019. Enhanced endogenous contributions of deep-seated CO<sub>2</sub> might have been responsible for the higher CO<sub>2</sub> emissions values observed during those pulses. The 2014-2019 pulse appears to be related to the seismic activity that started taking place in Tenerife at the end of 2016. This study denotes the importance of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux surveys at the NERZ volcano of Tenerife Island as an effective volcanic monitoring tool.</p>

Diffuse CO2 degassing monitoring of the Tenerife North–South Rift Zone (NSRZ) volcano, Canary Islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cordero-Vaca ◽  
Carolina A. Figueiredo ◽  
Nicole L. Czwakiel ◽  
Eleazar Padrón ◽  
Gladys V. Melián ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Rift Zone ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Sequential Gaussian Simulation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Effusive Activity ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Tenerife Island

<p>Tenerife (2,034 km<sup>2</sup>) is the largest of the Canary Islands and the North South Rift Zone (NSRZ) is one of the three active volcanic rift-zones of the island. The NSRZ (325 km<sup>2</sup>) is characterized mainly by effusive activity of basaltic lavas forming spatter and cinder cones and comprises 139 monogenetic cones representing the most common eruptive activity occurred on the island during the last 1Ma. In order to provide a multidisciplinary approach to monitor potential volcanic activity changes at the NSRZ volcano, diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission surveys have been undertaken since 2002. This study shows the results of the last soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux survey undertaken in summer 2019, with ⁓600 soil gas sampling sites homogenously distributed in the study area. Soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux measurements were performed at the surface environment by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) LICOR Li820 following the accumulation chamber method. Soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux values ranged from non-detectable (⁓0.5 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>) up to 30 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, with an average value of 2.6 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>. In order to distinguish the existence of different geochemical populations on the soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux data, a Sinclair graphical analysis was done. The average value of background population was 2.1 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1 </sup>and that of peak population was 18.5 g m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>, representing the 97% and the 1% of the total data, respectively. To quantify the total CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate from the NSRZ volcano a sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) was used as interpolation method. The diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate for the studied area was estimated in 2019 in 819 ± 18 t d<sup>-1</sup>, ranging from 466 to 819 t d<sup>-1</sup> between 2002 and 2019, with the highest value measured in 2015 (707 t d<sup>-1</sup>). The temporal evolution of diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission at the NSRZ shows a clear relationship with the volcano seismic activity in and around Tenerife Island, which started to taking place from the end of 2016. This study demonstrates the importance of studies of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux at the NSRZ volcano of Tenerife island as an effective volcanic monitoring tool, especially in areas where there is no visible degassing (fumaroles, etc.)</p>

Monitoring of diffuse CO2 degassing at NERZ, NWRZ and NSRZ volcanic systems of Tenerife, Canary Islands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Rodríguez ◽  
Eleazar Padrón ◽  
Gladys Melián ◽  
María Asensio-Ramos ◽  
Mar Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rift Zone ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Sequential Gaussian Simulation ◽  
Rift System ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Volcanic Seismicity

<p>One of the main volcano-structural and geomorphological feature in Tenerife (2,034 km<sup>2</sup>) is the triple rift system, formed by aligned of hundreds of monogenetic eruptive products of shield basaltic volcanism. At the intersection of this triple rift system rises the Teide-Pico Viejo volcanic complex. These volcanic rifts are considered as active volcanic edifices. The North East volcanic Rift Zone (NERZ, 210 km<sup>2</sup>) form a main NE-SW structure. The North West volcanic Rift Zone (NWRZ, 72 km<sup>2</sup>) is oriented in NW-SE direction and the North South volcanic Rift Zone (NSRZ, 325 km<sup>2</sup>) comprises a more scattered area on the south of these monogenetic cones. The most recent eruptive activity of Tenerife has taken place in these rift systems. NERZ host the fissural eruption of Arafo-Fasnia-Siete Fuentes (1704-1705). NWRZ host two historical eruptions: Arenas Negras in 1706 and Chinyero in 1909. Recently the eruption of Boca Cangrejo (1492) has been added to the historical register through <sup>14</sup>C dating. NSRZ does not host historical volcanism, although it is recent, up to 10,000 years old.</p><p>In order to provide a multidisciplinary approach to monitor potential volcanic activity changes at the NERZ, NWRZ and NSRZ, diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission surveys have been undertaken since 2000, in general in a yearly basis, but with a higher frequency when seismic swarms have occurred in and around NWRZ volcano. Each study area for NERZ, NWRZ and NSRZ comprises hundreds of sampling sites homogenously distributed. Soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux measurements at each sampling site were conducted at the surface environment by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) LICOR Li820 following the accumulation chamber method. To quantify the CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate from the NERZ, NWRZ and NSRZ a sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) was used as interpolation method.</p><p>The diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate for the NERZ ranged from 532 up to 2823 t d<sup>-1 </sup>between 2001 and 2020, with the highest value measured in 2020. In the case of NWRZ, the diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate ranged from 52 up to 867 t d<sup>-1 </sup>between 2000 and 2020, with the highest value measured in one of the surveys of 2005. Finally, and for NSRZ, the diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate ranged from 78 up to 819 t d<sup>-1 </sup>between 2002 and 2020, with the highest value measured in 2019. The temporal evolution of diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission at the NERZ, NWRZ and NSRZ shows a nice and clear relationship with the volcanic seismicity in and around Tenerife Island, which started to take place from the end of 2016. The good temporal correlation between the volcanic seismicity and the increase trend observed in the time series of diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rates at NERZ, NWRZ and NSRZ is also coincident with the observed increase of diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission rate at the summit crater of Teide. This work demonstrates the importance of performing soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux surveys at active rift systems in volcanic oceanic islands as an effective geochemical monitoring tool.</p>

Spatial-temporal variations of surface diffuse CO2 degassing at El Hierro volcano, Canary Islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro A. Hernández ◽  
Christopher A. Skeldon ◽  
Jingwei Zhang ◽  
Fátima Rodríguez ◽  
Cecilia Amonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Submarine Eruption ◽  
El Hierro ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Destructive Processes

<p>El Hierro (278 km<sup>2</sup>), the youngest, smallest and westernmost island of the Canarian archipelago, is a 5-km-high edifice constructed by rapid constructive and destructive processes in ~1.12 Ma, with a truncated trihedral shape and three convergent ridges of volcanic cones. It experienced a submarine eruption from 12 October, 2011 to 5 March 2012, off its southern coast that was the first one to be monitored from the beginning in the Canary Islands. As no visible emanations occur at the surface environment of El Hierro, diffuse degassing studies are a useful geochemical tool to monitor the volcanic activity in this volcanic island. Diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission surveys have been performed at El Hierro Island since 1998 in a yearly basis, with much higher frequency during the period 2011-2012. At each survey, about 600 sampling sites are selected to obtain a homogeneous distribution. Measurements of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux are performed in situ following the accumulation chamber method. During pre-eruptive and eruptive periods, the diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission released by the whole island experienced significant increases before the onset of the submarine eruption and the most energetic seismic events of the volcanic-seismic unrest (Melián et al., 2014. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 119, 6976–6991). The most recent diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> efflux survey was carried out in July 2019. Values ranged from non-detectable to 28.9 g m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. Statistical-graphical analysis of the data shows two different geochemical populations; Background (B) and Peak (P) represented by 97.5% and 0.5% of the total data, respectively, with geometric means of 1.2 and 23.6 g m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Most of the area showed B values while the P values were mainly observed at the interception center of the three convergent ridges and the north-east of the island. To estimate the diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission for the 2019 survey, we ran about 100 sGs simulations. The estimated 2019 diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> output released to atmosphere by El Hierro was 214 ± 10 t d<sup>-1</sup>, value lower than the background average of CO<sub>2</sub> emission estimated on 412 t d<sup>-1</sup> and slightly higher than the background range of 181 t d<sup>-1</sup> (−1σ) and 930 t d<sup>-1</sup> (+1σ) estimated at El Hierro volcano during the quiescence period 1998-2010 (Melián et al., 2014, JGR). Monitoring the diffuse CO<sub>2</sub> emission has proven to be a very effective tool to detect early warning signals of volcanic unrest at El Hierro.</p>

Past Verses Present; Metamorphosis in Different Spheres of Guwahati: A Study of Srutimala Duara’s Mindprints of Guwahati

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ankita Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
River Bank ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Indian State ◽  
The City ◽  
Beautiful City

Guwahati derives its name from the Assamese word “Guwa” means areca nut and “Haat” means market. However, the modern Guwahati had been known as the ancient Pragjyotishpura and was the capital of Assam under the Kamrupa kingdom. A beautiful city Guwahati is situated on the south bank of the river Bramhaputra. Moreover, It is known as the largest city in the Indian state of Assam and also the largest metropolis in North East India. It has also its importance as the gateway to the North- East India. Assamese and English are the spoken languages in Guwahati.  In 1667, the Mogul forces were defeated in the battle by the Ahom forces commanded by Lachut Barphukan. Thus, in a sense Guwahati became the bone of contention among the Ahoms, Kochas and the Moguls during the medieval period.  Guwahati the administrative headquarters of Lower Assam with a viceroy or Barbhukan was made by the Ahom king.  Since 1972 it has been the capital of Assam. The present paper will discuss the changes happened in Guwahati over the period of late 1970s till the present time. It will focus on the behavior of people, transformed temples, Panbazar of the city, river bank of Bramhaputra, old Fancy Bazaar, chaotic ways, festivals and seasons including a fifth man made season etc. It will also deal how over the years a city endowed with nature’s gifts and scenic views, has been changing as “a dirty city”. Furthermore, it will also present the insurgencies that have barged into the city. The occurrence of changes will be discussed through the perspective and point of view of Srutimala Duara as presented in her book Mindprints of Guwahati.

THE NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX AS AN INDICATOR OF DYNAMICS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haddad Amar ◽  
Beldjazia Amina ◽  
Kadi Zahia ◽  
Redjaimia Lilia ◽  
Rached-Kanouni Malika
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Aleppo Pine ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Pine Trees

Mediterranean ecosystems are considered particularly sensitive to climate change. Any change in climatic factors affects the structure and functioning of these ecosystems and has an influence on plant productivity. The main objective of this work is to characterize one of the Mediterranean ecosystems; the Chettaba forest massif (located in the North-East of Algeria) from a vegetation point of view and their link with monthly variations using Landsat 8 satellite images from five different dates (June 25, 2017, July 27, 2017, August 28, 2017, October 15, 2017). The comparison of NDVI values in Aleppo pine trees was performed using analysis of variance and the use of Friedman's non-parametric test. The Mann-Kendall statistical method was applied to the monthly distribution of NDVI values to detect any trends in the data over the study period. The statistical results of NDVI of Aleppo pine trees indicate that the maximum value is recorded in the month of June, while the lowest values are observed in the month of August where the species studied is exposed to periods of thermal stress.

scholarly journals Once More on the Etymology of the Russian Word Mazurik ‘Cheater’ (in Light of the Cultural and Linguistic Image of Mazur in Slavic Traditions)

Slovene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-448
Author(s):  
Elena L. Berezovich ◽  
Valeria S. Kuchko
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Source Language ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Different Origin

The article proves the hypothesis of the origin of the Russian colloquial word mazurik as deriving from the name of the Polish ethnographic group mazury ‘Mazurs’—inhabitants of Mazovia (in central and south-eastern Poland) as well as immigrants from this area to other places, mainly in the north-east. This hypothesis had previously been stated in the literature, but it had not been demonstrated rigorously. The authors show that the word mazurik is included in the big semantic word family that is derived from mazur, by studies focused on nationwide usage and through dialects. Using data from the lexical system and from folklore, the linguistic portrait of the Mazurs in the Russian tradition is reconstructed, and it is compared with linguistic stereotypes of the Mazurs in the source language (Polish) and the languages of peoples in close contact with the Mazurs (Ukrainian and Belarusian). The main features of these portraits are the same in these languages, and they create a negative image of the Mazur in the Slavic tradition, making the “Polish” etymological version semantically legitimate. In addition, the authors prove this hypothesis from the point of view of word formation, linguogeography, and sociolinguistic characteristics of the words under consideration. It is noted that the derivatives of the word family derived from mazur are attracted to the lexemes which have similar form and meaning but different origin, in particular, to derivatives of the verb mazatʹ and the words murza and zamurzannyi. The article contains an overview with commentary of hypotheses about the origin of the Russian mazurik existing in Slavic etymological literature.

scholarly journals Catalan ethnoflora: a meta-analytic approach to life forms and geographic territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Airy Gras ◽  
Montse Parada ◽  
Joan Vallès ◽  
Teresa Garnatje
Keyword(s):  
Global Analysis ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
New Approach ◽  
North East ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Large Distribution

Abstract Background Catalonia (in the north east of the Iberian Peninsula) is among the most prospected territories in Europe, from the ethnobotanical point of view. The aim of the present paper is to undertake a global analysis in the area considered, including plants, plant life forms, and ethnobotanical data within a physiographic and geographic framework. Methods Data from 21 ethnobotanical prospection areas in Catalonia were collected, analyzed, and compared, with the focus on plant life forms and geographic divisions. Results A total of 824 taxa constitute the Catalan ethnoflora, and 316 of them are shared by the six physiographic zones recognized in Catalonia. When three major geographic areas are considered (Pyrenean, inland, and littoral), 394 taxa have been reported in only one out of the three areas. Concerning life forms, phanerophytes and chamaephytes together, i.e., those taxa present all through the year, are the most cited (37.12%). Conclusions This first study constitutes a new approach to ethnobotanical data analysis. The results show the particular importance of plants with a large distribution area and plants with available biomass throughout the year. Apart from this, other kind of plants, e.g., those present in only one territory, are of interest for its originality and sometimes for the local significance.

scholarly journals Variability of economically valuable traits of spring wheat and their contribution to productivity stabilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Ivanova ◽  
L. V. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

The article discusses the results of a four-year study (2016-2019) of breeding lines of spring soft wheat of the selection of Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky in the soil and climatic conditions of the central and southern parts of the Volga-Vyatka region. The promising lines C-65, C-103, H-154 were selected as they exceeded the regionalized standard variety Simbirtsit in average yields (3.41...3.56 t/ha; the increase is 0.04...0.19 t/ha), and in terms of potential yield (5.61…6.93 t / ha; the increase is 0.48...1.80 t/ha). According to the long-term average indicators of the crop structure, the selection lines П-57, P-63, С-65 and С-103 were attributed to the sources of valuable properties. Genotypes P-63, H-154 showed higher values and stability of gluten formation in grain relative to the variety Simbirtsit (22.8-24.1%; the increase to the standard is 3.1 - 4.4%). Using the variation coefficient, the degree of variability of economically useful traits (productive bushiness, plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear, grain weight per ear, 1000 grain mass, yield, gluten content in grain) was determined in different ecological environments. It has been established that the variability values of individual characteristics of productivity in one variety are not always consistent with each other and have genotypic conditionality. Yield stability can be closely related to the level of variation of individual elements of its structure. Genotypes that were more stable in yield indicated high variability of productive bushiness and low variability of plant height, grain weight per spike, and mass of 1000 grains. It has been shown that from practical point of view the most valuable genotypes were the ones with steadily high values of the spike length and the number of spike grains, as having a high adaptive response to cultivation conditions.Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Role of Media and Government towards Sustainable Development in Assam

2019 ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Mohsina Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Welfare Department ◽  
The Government

<p>The North-East of India has been a hotly debated territory of India with voices coming up from different states such as Nagaland, Manipur and Assam demanding separate nations for themselves. These separatist agitations have got further confounded with a constant influx of Muslim immigrants from Bangladesh which began to impinge on the local cultural identities and demographics. This resulted in a prolonged militancy coupled with agitations yielding space for the Pakistani/Sri Lanka/Bangladesh based militants to infiltrate into India through porous borders of the North East and engage some disgruntled ultra outfits in the North East to wage a battle against India. In fact, Naga agitation for separate country bears a lot of similarity with the LTTE’s struggle for separate Eelam in Sri Lanka. Both have a lot of diaspora support and web-based campaign movements (Maya Ranganathan, 2010: 127-149). All these developments have complicated the prospects of the economic and industrial growth in this region. This resulted in the staggering illiteracy and unemployment for over a decade. Towards addressing the problems of the region, the government of India has taken a political decision to establish as many as seven central universities under its direct funding to ensure that the region gets the best education which might contribute further for enhanced employment opportunities in the region. Also, various department under Assam Government such as the Tourism Department, Health Department, Education Department, Social welfare Department etc has been provided with e-governance facilities for the users. The study assumes significance from the point of view that how far the e-services of various departments leads to the sustainable growth of the state and what is the role of media, government and educational institutes to improve the sustainable growth of the states through e-services.</p>

scholarly journals The Sites of the Early Nomads on the North-East Periphery of the Sarmatian World

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Aleksander Tairov
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The paper publishes new materials of the early Sarmatian time from the North-East periphery of the Sarmatian World – the Southern forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Trans-Ural region within the bounds of the modern Chelyabinsk region. The territory of the Southern forest-steppe is represented by the materials of the ruined burial, which is situated on the shore of the lake Smolino within the bounds of Chelyabinsk. It is dated by the early 4th century BC. There are three accidental finds from this region: iron daggers as well. The daggers with curved bar-shaped pommels and arcuate cross-guards are classified as daggers of “transitional type” and are dated by the 4th century BC. The third dagger with a semicircular pommel and a straight cross-guard is included in the group of classical Prokhorovka daggers and is dated the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC. This paper presents the materials of two peculiar burial complexes from the steppe zone of the Southern Trans-Urals. The burial near Mogutovka village is the only one burial (without a barrow) of the early Sarmatian time, which was investigated in the Southern Trans-Ural region. It is situated on the first terrace above the floodplain of the Kamysty-Ayat river. The localization of the burial is not typical for the sites of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the 1st millennium BC. The early Sarmatian burial of the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC was excavated in Druzhinskiy burial site. It was made in the burial pit, which combines signs of a catacomb and an alcove. A child buried here was dressed in a shirt, whose collar and sleeves were decorated with beading. Publishing materials will help to expand the point of view on burial rites and material culture of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the early Sarmatian time, which exists in scientific literature.

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