A thermal dissociation CAPS for detection of NOy species within the MetNO2 project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Kuß ◽  
Dagmar Kubistin ◽  
Robert Holla ◽  
Christian Plaß-Dülmer ◽  
Erasmus Tensing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Dissociation ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Alkyl Nitrates ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Chemiluminescence Detector

<p>As a toxic and reactive gas, nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) influences air quality and health, the self-cleaning power of the atmosphere and photochemical smog formation. Reliable scientific data with high quality and comparability are required for national and international decision-makers. The quality of the NO<sub>2</sub> measurements is crucially dependent on the quality of the calibration standards. In order to achieve the quality goals required, the MetNO2 project within the EMPIR (European Metrology Program for Innovation and Research) program aims to provide accurate and stable NO<sub>2</sub> calibration standards for operational use at air quality stations.</p><p>To characterise the impurities of the newly developed standards a Thermal Dissociation - Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift (TD - CAPS) system has been set up, based on the design from Sadanaga et al. (2016). The device includes four heated channels for the differentiation of NO<sub>2</sub>, peroxy and alkyl nitrates and HNO<sub>3</sub>. In parallel, a gold converter coupled with a chemiluminescence detector was deployed for detection of the total sum of NO<sub>y</sub>. First results of the performance of the TD-CAPS used for impurity analysis of NO<sub>2</sub> standards will be presented.</p><p> </p><p>Reference: Sadanaga et al. Review of Scientific Instruments 87.7 (2016), 074102</p>

P–447 Challenging cases in Oncofertility: Insights from a national specialized e-meeting for fertility preservation specialists

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khiat ◽  
M Pibarot ◽  
J Roux ◽  
P Bottin ◽  
J Saïas-Magnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Hematological Cancers ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Complex Cases

Abstract Study question How a new specialized e-meeting for complex cases in oncofertility is used by fertility preservation specialists (FPS)? Summary answer The e-meeting for complex oncofertility cases is an innovative tool that fulfils the needs of FPS and could help them to improve their oncofertility practice. What is known already Little is known about the management of fertility preservation (FP) in rare cancer that could be challenging for FPS due to lack of experience and scientific data. To our knowledge, there is no specially dedicated meeting reported in published literature to provide highly specialized advices to FPS in these challenging situations of FP. Study design, size, duration We present three years of activity of a national French e-meeting dedicated to the management of challenging oncofertility cases. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all submitted cases. Second, a survey was conducted to evaluate the use of this e-meeting at participating FPS. Participants/materials, setting, methods The E-meeting for Complex Cases in Oncofertility was created in 2016 September in France, allowing for National oncofertility experts to share viewpoints about challenging cases for which they do not have experience and/or no sufficient data available in published literature. Demographic and clinical data, number of replies and proposal for each case were collected retrospectively. A survey to investigate the use and the interest of FPS for this tool was sent to its members. Main results and the role of chance: One hundred and four experts have joined the e-meeting since its set-up and 109 challenging cases have been submitted. Mean age of patients was 22.0 ± 8.9 years old and 87% were female. Most of cases were hematological cancers (n = 32/109; 29%), gynecologic cancers (n = 30/109; 27%) and neurological cancers (n = 12/109; 10.9%). Each submitted case received on average 2 ± 1 different strategy for FP and the opinion of 7 ± 2 experts. Among the FPS who submitted cases, seeking the opinions from others FPS allowed them to confirm their care plan (N = 49; 84%), to offer different options to their patient (N = 34; 58%) and to compare their practices with other specialists (N = 23; 39%). All respondents reported a self-perceived improvement in their practice of oncologic FP (n = 80; 100%). Limitations, reasons for caution Although this study showed a perceived improvement at FPS in the management of challenging oncofertility cases, we did not study in details their adherence to the e-meeting’s proposals. The value of this new tool has also not been assessed regarding patient’s quality of life and further fertility. Wider implications of the findings: Specific attention should be paid for challenging cases in oncofertility for which only experiences of individual exist. Enhancing communication between FPS through national and international networks, pooling experiences and collecting the most complex cases are required in order to improve the management of these patients. Trial registration number Not applicable

scholarly journals KTP—Collectively Improving Air Quality in Krakow: A New Air Quality Plan for the Małopolska Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Włodarczyk-Gębik ◽  
Aleksandra Gabriel ◽  
Maria Dubis ◽  
Monika Machowska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
New Policies ◽  
User Centered

AbstractKTP’s project relates to the challenge of air pollution and the need to improve quality of life in Kraków and the Kraków Metropolitan Area. The aim is to improve the quality of the air by motivating citizens to change their ecological attitudes, transport and heating habits and support decision makers with relevant tools and instruments for better co-creation of local new policies with a user-centered approach.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and Regional Fire on the Air Quality of Medellín, Colombia

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1137
Author(s):  
Juan J. Henao ◽  
Angela M. Rendón ◽  
K. Santiago Hernández ◽  
Paola A. Giraldo-Ramirez ◽  
Vanessa Robledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
Fire Activity ◽  
Local Emissions

Governments’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic provide a unique opportunity to study the effects of restricted socioeconomic activity on air quality. Here, we study the changes in air pollution levels during the lockdown in Medellín and its metropolitan area, Colombia, for periods with and without enhanced regional fire activity, considering the effects of meteorology using random forest and multiple linear regression methods. The lockdown measures, which reduced mean traffic volume by 70% compared to 2016–2019, resulted in reductions for PM2.5 (50–63%), PM10 (59–64%), NO (75–76%), NO2 (43–47%), and CO (40–47%), while O3 concentration increased by 19–22%. In contrast, when fire activity was high, the effects of the lockdown on air quality were shadowed by the long-range transport of biomass burning emissions, increasing fine particulate matter and ozone. This study shows that healthier levels are achievable through significant efforts from decision-makers and society. The results highlight the need to develop integral measures that do not only consider reductions in the local emissions from transportation and industry, but also the role of fire activity in the region, as well as the difficulties of achieving reductions in ozone from measures that are effective at reducing primary pollutants.

scholarly journals Thermal dissociation cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer for detecting NO<sub>2</sub>, RO<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> and RONO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunmeng Li ◽  
Haichao Wang ◽  
Xiaorui Chen ◽  
Tianyu Zhai ◽  
Shiyi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Thermal Dissociation ◽  
Lookup Table ◽  
Organic Nitrates ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
Alkyl Nitrates ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Enhanced Absorption ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. We developed a thermal dissociation cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (TD-CEAS) for the in-situ measurement of NO2, total peroxy nitrates (PNs, RO2NO2), and total alkyl nitrates (ANs, RONO2) in the atmosphere. PNs and ANs are thermally converted to NO2 at the corresponding pyrolysis temperatures and detected by CEAS at 435–455 nm. The instrument samples sequentially from three channels at ambient temperature, 453 K and 653 K, with a cycle of 3 minutes, for measuring NO2, NO2+PNs, and NO2+PNs+ANs, respectively. The absorptions between the three channels are used to derive the mixing ratios of PNs and ANs by the spectral fitting. The limit of detection (LOD) is estimated to be 97 pptv (1σ) at 6 s intervals for NO2. The measurement uncertainty of NO2 is estimated to be 8 %, while the uncertainties of PNs and ANs detection is larger than NO2 due to some chemical interferences in the heating channels, such as the reaction of NO (or NO2) with the peroxy radicals produced by the thermal dissociation of organic nitrates. Based on the laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, we set up a lookup table method to correct these interferences in PNs and ANs channel under various concentrations of ambient organic nitrates, NO, and NO2. Finally, we present the first field deployment and compared it with other instruments during a field campaign in China, the advantage and limitations of this instrument are outlined.

scholarly journals Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Tobias Maurer ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Benefit Assessment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University

Abstract Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry. Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.

scholarly journals Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Tobias Maurer ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Benefit Assessment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University

Abstract Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry.Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.

scholarly journals Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Tobias Maurer ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Benefit Assessment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University

Abstract Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry. Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.

scholarly journals Geo-chemo-mechanical characterization of a polluted marine basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 18001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Sollecito ◽  
Federica Cotecchia ◽  
Matilda Mali ◽  
Daniela Miccoli ◽  
Claudia Vitone
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Geotechnical Characterization ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Marine Basin

The work shows the first results of the characterization of the heavily polluted sediments in the Mar Piccolo basin (Taranto, south of Italy), obtained thanks to an integrated investigation method. In the field of the actions promoted by the Italian Government to select the most sustainable remediation strategies, a multidisciplinary investigation of the site has been carried out involving the reconstruction of the geological set-up of the basin, the analysis of the chemical contamination and the geo-mechanical properties of the sediments collected up to 30 m below the sea floor. The devices and methodologies used for the off-shore sampling, storage and transport of the sediments and for the laboratory testing were specifically designed to obtain the best possible picture of the site. The quality of the soil sampling resulted to be high enough for chemical, geochemical and geotechnical characterization and to develop integrated analyses. With this purpose, the paper discusses preliminary correlations of data, focusing on the geotechnical properties of plasticity that have been interpreted in the light of soil composition and chemical and geological facets of the sediments.

VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document