scholarly journals Geo-chemo-mechanical characterization of a polluted marine basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 18001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Sollecito ◽  
Federica Cotecchia ◽  
Matilda Mali ◽  
Daniela Miccoli ◽  
Claudia Vitone
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Geotechnical Characterization ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Marine Basin

The work shows the first results of the characterization of the heavily polluted sediments in the Mar Piccolo basin (Taranto, south of Italy), obtained thanks to an integrated investigation method. In the field of the actions promoted by the Italian Government to select the most sustainable remediation strategies, a multidisciplinary investigation of the site has been carried out involving the reconstruction of the geological set-up of the basin, the analysis of the chemical contamination and the geo-mechanical properties of the sediments collected up to 30 m below the sea floor. The devices and methodologies used for the off-shore sampling, storage and transport of the sediments and for the laboratory testing were specifically designed to obtain the best possible picture of the site. The quality of the soil sampling resulted to be high enough for chemical, geochemical and geotechnical characterization and to develop integrated analyses. With this purpose, the paper discusses preliminary correlations of data, focusing on the geotechnical properties of plasticity that have been interpreted in the light of soil composition and chemical and geological facets of the sediments.

A thermal dissociation CAPS for detection of NOy species within the MetNO2 project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Kuß ◽  
Dagmar Kubistin ◽  
Robert Holla ◽  
Christian Plaß-Dülmer ◽  
Erasmus Tensing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Dissociation ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Alkyl Nitrates ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Chemiluminescence Detector

<p>As a toxic and reactive gas, nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) influences air quality and health, the self-cleaning power of the atmosphere and photochemical smog formation. Reliable scientific data with high quality and comparability are required for national and international decision-makers. The quality of the NO<sub>2</sub> measurements is crucially dependent on the quality of the calibration standards. In order to achieve the quality goals required, the MetNO2 project within the EMPIR (European Metrology Program for Innovation and Research) program aims to provide accurate and stable NO<sub>2</sub> calibration standards for operational use at air quality stations.</p><p>To characterise the impurities of the newly developed standards a Thermal Dissociation - Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift (TD - CAPS) system has been set up, based on the design from Sadanaga et al. (2016). The device includes four heated channels for the differentiation of NO<sub>2</sub>, peroxy and alkyl nitrates and HNO<sub>3</sub>. In parallel, a gold converter coupled with a chemiluminescence detector was deployed for detection of the total sum of NO<sub>y</sub>. First results of the performance of the TD-CAPS used for impurity analysis of NO<sub>2</sub> standards will be presented.</p><p> </p><p>Reference: Sadanaga et al. Review of Scientific Instruments 87.7 (2016), 074102</p>

Characterization of Medicinal Plants Sorting Process by Planar Sieving through Mechanical Oscillations Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Augustina Pruteanu ◽  
Mihai Matache ◽  
Ladislau David ◽  
Catalin Persu ◽  
M. Duţu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Oscillations ◽  
Separation Degree ◽  
Sorting Process ◽  
Working Set ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Optimum Working

The mechanical sorting process of granular and vegetal materials is a complex technological process influenced by a series of factors from which we remind: mechanical vibratory motion, geometrical measures of the sorting equipment and technological factors. Based on correlations between the presented elements one can establish the technological parameters of the sorting process so that to realize a quality separation.In the paper we present a method for determination of mechanical oscillations influence on the quality of the sorting process with planar sieves. The experiments performed on a dimensional sorter with planar sieves aimed at identification of an optimum working set-up in terms of frequency and amplitude of the sorter’s vibrators, for a quality separation degree.

scholarly journals Characterization and first results of an ice nucleating particle measurement system based on counterflow virtual impactor technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 10585-10617 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Schenk ◽  
S. Mertes ◽  
U. Kästner ◽  
F. Frank ◽  
B. Nillius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Virtual Impactor ◽  
First Results ◽  
Aerosol Instrumentation ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. A specific instrument combination was developed to achieve a better microphysical and chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosol particles that have the potential to act as ice nucleating particles (INP). For this purpose a pumped counterflow virtual impactor system called IN-PCVI was set up and characterized to separate ice particles that had been activated on INP in the Fast Ice Nucleus Chamber (FINCH) from interstitial, non-activated particles. This coupled setup consisting of FINCH (ice particle activation and counting), IN-PCVI (INP separation and preparation), and further aerosol instrumentation (INP characterization) had been developed for the application in field experiments. The separated INP were characterized on-line with regard to their total number concentration, number size distribution and chemical composition, especially with the Aircraft-based Laser Ablation Aerosol Mass Spectrometer ALABAMA. Moreover, impactor samples for electron microscopy were taken. Due to the coupling the IN-PCVI had to be operated with different flow settings than known from literature, which required a further characterization of its cut-off-behavior. Taking the changed cut-off-behavior into account, the INP number concentration measured by the IN-PCVI system was in good agreement with the one detected by the FINCH optics for water saturation ratios up to 1.01 (ice saturation ratios between 1.21–1.34 and temperatures between −18 and −26 °C). First field results of INP properties are presented which were gained during the INUIT-JFJ/CLACE 2013 campaign at the high altitude research station Jungfraujoch in the Bernese Alps, Switzerland (3580 m a.s.l.).

scholarly journals Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Tobias Maurer ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Benefit Assessment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University

Abstract Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry. Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.

scholarly journals NMR Tracing of Food Geographical Origin: The Impact of Seasonality, Cultivar and Production Year on Data Analysis

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Olimpia Masetti ◽  
Angela Sorbo ◽  
Luigi Nisini
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact

The traceability of typical foodstuffs is necessary to protect high quality of traditional products. It is well-known that several factors could influence metabolites content in certified foods, but soil composition, altitude, latitude and coded production protocols constitute the territorial conditions responsible for the peculiar organoleptic and nutritional properties of labelled foods. Instead, regardless of origin, seasonality, cultivar, collection year can affect all agricultural products, so it is appropriate to include them in data analysis in order to obtain a correct interpretation of the differences linked to growing areas alone. Therefore, it is useful to use a flexible all-round technique, and NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analysis is considered a powerful means of assessing food authenticity. The purpose of this review is to investigate the relevance of year, cultivar, and seasonal period in the determination of food geographical origin using NMR spectroscopy. The strategy for testing these three factors may differ from author to author, but a preliminary study of cultivar or collection year effects on NMR spectra is the most popular method before starting the geographical characterization of samples. In summary, based on the available literature, the most significant influence is due to cultivar, followed by harvesting year, however seasonality is not considered a source of variability in data analysis.

scholarly journals Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Tobias Maurer ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Benefit Assessment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University

Abstract Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry.Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.

scholarly journals Corona children studies "Co-Ki": First results of a Germany-wide registry on mouth and nose covering (mask) in children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz ◽  
Ekkehart Jenetzky ◽  
Hanno Krafft ◽  
Tobias Maurer ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Benefit Assessment ◽  
First Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University

Abstract Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: At the University of Witten/Herdecke an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry. Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average wearing time of the mask was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registryed indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children: adults need to collecticely reflect the circumstances under which they would be willing to take a residual risk upon themselves in favor of enabling children to have a higher quality of life without having to wear a mask.

scholarly journals Avaliação Tecnológica e Aproveitamento dos Granitos e Sienitos da Região de Encruzilhada do Sul e Cachoeira do Sul, RS - Brasil

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
RUY PAULO PHILIPP ◽  
REJANE MARIA SCOPEL
Keyword(s):  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
National Market ◽  
First Results ◽  
Thermal Dilatation ◽  
Flexural Resistance

The areas of Encruzilhada do Sul and southern part of Cachoeira do Sul are the main producers of ornamental rocks in the Rio Grande do Sul State, south Brazil. Granite and syenitic rocks are exploited in this region, being consumed by the national market and exported for countries such as Japan, Italy, Germany and United States. In spite of long tradition in the extraction of ornamental rocks, the knowledge about their quality is almost totally empiric. This work presents the first results of laboratory tests for the technological characterization of five types of granites and two types of syenites in the studied area. The studies involved petrography, determination of physicals indexes, impact resistance, flexural resistance, abrasive waste (AMSLER), thermal dilatation coefficient and brightness. The selected samples also exhibited with the range of values found for the granites and syenites extracted in others states of Brazil. The results of the technological characterization tests assure the quality of granites and syenites extracted in Rio Grande do Sul, stimulating the investments in an activity of crescent economic importance. 

Rapid, Refined, and Robust Method for Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Human Amyloid-beta M1-42

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Prakash ◽  
Travis Lantz ◽  
Krupal P. Jethava ◽  
Gaurav Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Short Time

Amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients primarily consists of amyloid beta 1-42 (Ab42). Commercially, Ab42 is synthetized using peptide synthesizers. We describe a robust methodology for expression of recombinant human Ab(M1-42) in Rosetta(DE3)pLysS and BL21(DE3)pLysS competent E. coli with refined and rapid analytical purification techniques. The peptide is isolated and purified from the transformed cells using an optimized set-up for reverse-phase HPLC protocol, using commonly available C18 columns, yielding high amounts of peptide (~15-20 mg per 1 L culture) in a short time. The recombinant Ab(M1-42) forms characteristic aggregates similar to synthetic Ab42 aggregates as verified by western blots and atomic force microscopy to warrant future biological use. Our rapid, refined, and robust technique to purify human Ab(M1-42) can be used to synthesize chemical probes for several downstream in vitro and in vivo assays to facilitate AD research.

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