Co-evolutionary macro-economy and river system modeling framework

<p>This study introduces a co-evolutionary macro-economy and river system simulation framework that integrates a monthly river system simulation model with a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. At each annual time step, the two models perform iterative bidirectional communication. The CGE model quantifies changes to annual water and electricity demands and non-hydro electricity generation capacity, and the river system model seeks to meet the water and electricity demands subject to the spatial and temporal availability of river flow, infrastructure capacities (i.e., reservoir storage, non-hydro, and hydro capacities), and infrastructure operating rules. The co-evolutionary modeling framework is based on open-source modeling tools. This multi-sector simulation framework is demonstrated on the Eastern Nile River System to examine the benefits of a flexible collaborative management approach for the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), whereby the GERD helps meet water demands in Egypt during multi-year droughts and increases water storage during periods of high flows. The performance of the flexible collaborative approach is compared to a recent GERD operation proposal negotiated by Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt in Washington D.C. but has not been accepted by Ethiopia. The two GERD operating approaches are examined across multiple 30-year river flow sequences to test the river system resilience to inter-annual flow variability.</p>

Download Full-text

A multiple-reach model describing the migratory behavior of Snake River yearling chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f97-281 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 658-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Richard W Zabel ◽

James J Anderson ◽

Pamela A Shaw

Keyword(s):

Chinook Salmon ◽

Migration Rate ◽

River Flow ◽

Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽

Nonlinear Models ◽

Columbia River ◽

River System ◽

Snake River ◽

Migration Route ◽

Time Step

A multiple-reach model was developed to describe the downstream migration of juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River system. Migration rate for cohorts of fish was allowed to vary by reach and time step. A nested sequence of linear and nonlinear models related the variation in migration rates to river flow, date in season, and experience in the river. By comparing predicted with observed travel times at multiple observation sites along the migration route, the relative performance of the migration rate models was assessed. The analysis was applied to cohorts of yearling chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) captured at the Snake River Trap near Lewiston, Idaho, and fitted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags over the 8-year period 1989-1996. The fish were observed at Lower Granite and Little Goose dams on the Snake River and McNary Dam on the Columbia River covering a migration distance of 277 km. The data supported a model containing two behavioral components: a flow term related to season where fish spend more time in regions of higher river velocity later in the season and a flow-independent experience effect where the fish migrate faster the longer they have been in the river.

Download Full-text

Simulating long-term past changes in the balance between water demand and availability and assessing their main drivers at the river basin management scale

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-11-12315-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 12315-12364 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Fabre ◽

D. Ruelland ◽

A. Dezetter ◽

B. Grouillet

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Demand ◽

River Flow ◽

Climatic Variability ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Ebro Basin ◽

Anthropogenic Pressures ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

Time Step

Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess the balance between water demand and availability and its spatial and temporal variability from 1971 to 2009 in the Herault (2500 km2, France) and the Ebro (85 000 km2, Spain) catchments. Natural streamflow was evaluated using a conceptual hydrological model. The regulation of river flow was accounted for through a widely applicable demand-driven reservoir management model applied to the largest dam in the Herault basin and to 11 major dams in the Ebro basin. Urban water demand was estimated from population and monthly unit water consumption data. Water demand for irrigation was computed from irrigated area, crop and soil data, and climatic forcing. Finally, a series of indicators comparing water supply and water demand at strategic resource and demand nodes were computed at a 10 day time step. Variations in water stress in each catchment over the past 40 years were successfully modeled, taking into account climatic and anthropogenic pressures and changes in water management strategies over time. Observed changes in discharge were explained by separating human and hydro-climatic pressures on water resources: respectively 20 and 3% of the decrease in the Ebro and the Herault discharges were linked to human-induced changes. Although key areas of the Herault basin were shown to be highly sensitive to hydro-climatic variability, the balance between water uses and availability in the Ebro basin appears to be more critical, owing to high agricultural pressure on water resources. The proposed modeling framework is currently being used to assess water stress under climatic and socio-economic prospective scenarios. Further research will investigate the effectiveness of adaptation policies aimed at maintaining the balance between water use and availability.

Download Full-text

Simulating past changes in the balance between water demand and availability and assessing their main drivers at the river basin scale

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-19-1263-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 1263-1285 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. Fabre ◽

D. Ruelland ◽

A. Dezetter ◽

B. Grouillet

Keyword(s):

Water Demand ◽

River Flow ◽

Climatic Variability ◽

Water Shortage ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Ebro Basin ◽

Anthropogenic Pressures ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

Time Step ◽

Basin Scale

Abstract. In this study we present an integrative modeling framework aimed at assessing the balance between water demand and availability and its spatial and temporal variability over long time periods. The model was developed and tested over the period 1971–2009 in the Hérault (2500 km2, France) and the Ebro (85 000 km2, Spain) catchments. Natural streamflow was simulated using a conceptual hydrological model. The regulation of river flow was accounted for through a widely applicable demand-driven reservoir management model applied to the largest dam in the Hérault Basin and to 11 major dams in the Ebro Basin. Urban water demand was estimated from population and monthly unit water demand data. Water demand for irrigation was computed from irrigated area, crop and soil data, and climatic forcing. Water shortage was assessed at a 10-day time step by comparing water demand and availability through indicators calculated at strategic resource and demand nodes. The outcome of this study is twofold. First, we were able to correctly simulate variations in influenced streamflow, reservoir levels and water shortage between 1971 and 2009 in both basins, taking into account climatic and anthropogenic pressures and changes in water management strategies over time. Second, we provided information not available through simple data analysis on the influence of withdrawals and consumptive use on streamflow and on the drivers of imbalance between demand and availability. Observed past variations in discharge were explained by separating anthropogenic and climatic pressures in our simulations: 3% (20%) of the decrease in the Hérault (Ebro) discharge were linked to anthropogenic changes. Although key areas of the Hérault Basin were shown to be highly sensitive to hydro-climatic variability, the balance between water demand and availability in the Ebro Basin appears to be more critical, owing to high agricultural pressure on water resources. The modeling framework developed and tested in this study will be used to assess water balance under climatic and socioeconomic prospective scenarios and to investigate the effectiveness of adaptation policies aimed at maintaining the balance between water demand and availability.

Download Full-text

Morphotectonic Analysis of Tanjung Bungo Area Based on Geological Structure Control, Central Sumatera Basin

Proc. Indon. Petrol. Assoc., Digital Technical Conference, 2020 ◽

10.29118/ipa20-sg-254 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

D., A., L., A. Putri

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

River Flow ◽

Measurement Data ◽

River System ◽

Flow Patterns ◽

Source Rocks ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

Geological Structures

Tectonic activity in an area could result in various impacts such as changes in elevation, level of slope percentages, river flow patterns and systems, and the formation of geological structures both locally and regionally, which will form a new landscape. The tectonic activity also affects the stratigraphic sequences of the area. Therefore, it is necessary to study morphotectonic or landscape forms that are influenced by active tectonic activities, both those occur recently and in the past. These geological results help provide information of the potential of natural resources in and around Tanjung Bungo area. Morphological data are based on three main aspects including morphogenesis, morphometry, and morphography. The data are collected in two ways, the first is field survey by directly observing and taking field data such as measuring geological structures, rock positions, and outcrop profiles. The second way is to interpret them through Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and aerial photographs by analyzing river flow patterns and lineament analysis. The field measurement data are processed using WinTensor, Dips, and SedLog Software. The supporting data such as Topographic Maps, Morphological Elevation Maps, Slope Maps, Flow Pattern Maps, and Lineament Maps are based on DEM data and are processed using ArcGis Software 10.6.1 and PCI Geomatica. Morphotectonically, the Tanjung Bungo area is at a moderate to high-class level of tectonic activity taken place actively resulted in several joints, faults, and folds. The formation of geological structures has affected the morphological conditions of the area as seen from the development of steep slopes, structural flow patterns such as radial, rectangular, and dendritic, as well as illustrated by rough surface relief in Tanjung Bungo area. This area has the potential for oil and gas resources as indicated by the Telisa Formation, consisting of calcareous silts rich in planktonic and benthonic fossils, which may be source rocks and its contact with the Menggala Formation which is braided river system deposits that could be good reservoirs. Further research needs to be done since current research is only an interpretation of surface data. Current natural resources being exploited in Tanjung Bungo region are coals. The coals have thicknesses of 5-7 cm and are classified as bituminous coals.

Download Full-text

The occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in the Karst river system in Kaiyang, Southwest China

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2018.026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2044-2052 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shengzhang Zou ◽

Fuyang Huang ◽

Liang Chen ◽

Fei Liu

Keyword(s):

Southwest China ◽

River Flow ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

River System ◽

Contamination Source ◽

Antibiotic Concentration ◽

Detection Frequency ◽

Karst River ◽

Flow Quantity ◽

Total Concentrations

Abstract To our knowledge, this was the first study to investigate the occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in the Karst river system in Kaiyang, Southwest China. Ten water samples were collected from the Karst river in Kaiyang, Southwest China. Thirty-five antibiotics, including nine sulfonamides, four tetracyclines, five macrolides, sixteen quinolones and chloramphenicol, were analyzed. The results suggest that antibiotics are widely prevalent in the Karst river, with macrolides and quinolones being the most dominant and occupying 47% and 43% of total antibiotic concentration, respectively. The maximum total concentrations of sulfonamides, tetracyclines, macrolides, and quinolones were 30.4, 421, 884, and 1,807 ng/L, respectively. Lincomycin, roxithromycin, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin were detected in all samples with a detection frequency of 100%. The main sources of antibiotics were wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and rural dumps that did not contain sanitary treatment, which accounted for 33% and 40% of the total antibiotics present in the Karst river. Due to an increase in river flow quantity, the presence of WWTPs and rural dumps did not affect the concentration and distribution of antibiotics in the Karst river; however, the mass flux of antibiotics were significantly affected by the contamination source and the poor natural attenuation.

Download Full-text

Extending Geant4 based particle therapy system simulation framework to medical imaging applications

2015 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) ◽

10.1109/nssmic.2015.7581923 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

T. Aso ◽

K. Mastushita ◽

T. Nishio ◽

S. Kabuki ◽

T. Sasaki

Keyword(s):

Medical Imaging ◽

System Simulation ◽

Particle Therapy ◽

Simulation Framework

Download Full-text

A Long–Term Response-Based Rainfall-Runoff Hydrologic Model: Case Study of The Upper Blue Nile

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology6030069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 69 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eatemad Keshta ◽

Mohamed A. Gad ◽

Doaa Amin

Keyword(s):

River Flow ◽

Hydrologic Model ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Time Step ◽

Data Set ◽

Blue Nile ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

Surface And Groundwater

This study develops a response-based hydrologic model for long-term (continuous) rainfall-runoff simulations over the catchment areas of big rivers. The model overcomes the typical difficulties in estimating infiltration and evapotranspiration parameters using a modified version of the Soil Conservation Service curve number SCS-CN method. In addition, the model simulates the surface and groundwater hydrograph components using the response unit-hydrograph approach instead of using a linear reservoir routing approach for routing surface and groundwater to the basin outlet. The unit-responses are Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-pre-calculated on a semi-distributed short-term basis and applied in the simulation in every time step. The unit responses are based on the time-area technique that can better simulate the real routing behavior of the basin. The model is less sensitive to groundwater infiltration parameters since groundwater is actually controlled by the surface component and not the opposite. For that reason, the model is called the SCHydro model (Surface Controlled Hydrologic model). The model is tested on the upper Blue Nile catchment area using 28 years daily river flow data set for calibration and validation. The results show that SCHydro model can simulate the long-term transforming behavior of the upper Blue Nile basin. Our initial assessment of the model indicates that the model is a promising tool for long-term river flow simulations, especially for long-term forecasting purposes due to its stability in performing the water balance.

Download Full-text

FLAME GPU: Complex System Simulation Framework

2017 International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS) ◽

10.1109/hpcs.2017.12 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Paul Richmond ◽

Mozhgan K. Chimeh

Keyword(s):

Complex System ◽

System Simulation ◽

Simulation Framework

Download Full-text

Effects of hydrological change and the cessation of stocking on a stream population of Salmo trutta L

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9880337 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 337 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

PE Davies ◽

RD Sloane ◽

J Andrew

Keyword(s):

Brown Trout ◽

Salmo Trutta ◽

River Flow ◽

River System ◽

Riparian Habitat ◽

Mean Flow ◽

Age Composition ◽

The North ◽

Trout Population ◽

Class Strength

The North Esk-St Patricks river system, northern Tasmania, was electrofished at 27 sites in 1985, 30 years after the same sites had been electrofished in a previous study on the survival of released brown trout. All sites were dominated by brown trout, Salmo trutta L. Before 1955, stocking of brown trout fry and yearlings had been heavy. Stocking ceased after 1956 and few releases were made to 1985. At all but 4 sites, the number and total biomass of brown trout were higher in 1985 than in 1955. The estimated total population of brown trout had increased by 63%, accompanied by a 55% increase in the number of fish of legal size (>22 cm). Previously described 'nursery streams' still maintained high densities of 0+ fish, despite considerable changes in the age composition at other sites. Little or no change had occurred in riparian habitat at 23 of 27 sites. Change in year-class strength was highly correlated with change in total annual river flow in the natal year. This is explained in terms of mortality in 'nursery streams' during periods of low river flow. At 19 sites out of 21, changes in age composition were related to relative changes in year-class strength due to interannual variability in river flow. Four sites where major changes in riparian habitat occurred exhibited decreased brown trout biomass but still showed changes in age structure due to variation in annual flow. Mean annual river flow had increased by three times since the 1950s and this was attributed to a doubling in the proportion of cleared land in the catchments. Effects of changes in river hydrology on the trout population are discussed. Growth of S. trutta was essentially independent of density. The number of anglers, total effort and the total harvest in 1985/86-1986/87 were significantly higher than in 1945/46-1953/54. A shift toward higher catch per season per angler was observed in 1985/86-1986/87 compared to the 1945/46- 1953/54 seasons, but catch per day had not changed. Total annual mortality remained at 70%. The effects of increased mean flow and interannual flow variability on the brown trout population of the North Esk river system are discussed.

Download Full-text