Interaction of ions of heavy metals and organic toxicants with humic substances in system ‘atmospheric precipitation - lysimetric waters - lake waters’ of the Reserve of the European Territory of Russia: climatic, technogenic, geochemical fact

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dinu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Alkaline Lake ◽  
Autochthonous Organic Matter ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Lysimetric Waters

<p>The reactions of toxicants with organic substances of a humic nature are complex and depend on many geochemical factors. Differences in the mechanisms of the selected toxicants binding with organic natural substances of various natural waters - atmospheric precipitation, lake waters (acidic and alkaline), lysimetric waters are especially interesting. Due to significant concentration differences, features of functional groups and size distribution of components, the inactivation features of humic substances are selective and highly variable. We studied the waters of an acid lake near the city of Valday (Valday National Park, conditionally a background lake) and alkaline lake Valday (city of Valday, local technogenic influence). Near each lake there was a sediment collector (a container for collecting atmospheric precipitation) and a lysimeter (a container under the soil for collecting soil moisture) under the humus horizon (about 20 cm). Particular attention was paid to soil (lysimetric) waters with varying degrees of anthropogenic impact. We considered the behavior of a large group of heavy metals, as well as benzopyrene. To assess the composition and qualitative features of organic substances, gas chromatography-mass spectrometric methods of analysis were used. Chromatographic methods were used to assess the molecular weight distribution of the components. Possible reaction mechanisms were studied by IR spectral methods. Evaluation of the reactivity of organic substances was carried out by the methods of dynamic light scattering (zeta potential, MM, size) using the "Zeta-sizer nano". In addition to humic substances in the waters, the contents of autochthonous organic matter were estimated, especially in an alkaline lake, which in some periods prevailed over humic ones. In addition to humic substances in the waters, the contents of autochthonous organic matter were estimated, especially in an alkaline lake, which in some periods prevailed over humic ones. For separation, exchange technique and fluorometric evaluations were used. We conducted research in the period 2015-2020, sampling was carried out in spring, summer, autumn. Thus, we studied the circulation (in miniature) of changes in the protective properties of humic substances, depending on a large number of factors.</p>

Allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter in natural waters: Kinetic and thermodynamic patterns of transformation and quantitative and qualitative compositions

2017 ◽  
Vol 477 (2) ◽  
pp. 1510-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Lozovik ◽  
M. V. Zobkova ◽  
A. V. Ryzhakov ◽  
M. B. Zobkov ◽  
T. A. Efremova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Autochthonous Organic Matter

scholarly journals Novel and Eco-Friendly Washing Agents to Remove Heavy Metals from Soil by Soil Washing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Mariusz Gusiatin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Remediation Technology ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Negative Effect

Soil washing is a remediation technology that can efficiently remove heavy metals from soil and decrease environmental risk. Due to the negative effect of conventional washing agents on soil quality, their replacement with novel, eco-friendly agents is necessary. This paper gives a basic presentation of the most promising washing agents that have high potential to be used at field scale: biodegradable chelators, biosurfactants, plant extracts, and dissolved organic matter including soluble low-weight organic matter and soluble humic substances. The main advantages of these novel agents are highlighted

Toxicity of Heavy Metals to the Marine Diatom Ditylum Brightwellii (West) Grunow: Correlation between Toxicity and Metal Speciation

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Canterford ◽  
D. R. Canterford
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Dissolved Organic Compounds ◽  
Inorganic Ligands

The possibility of dissolved organic compounds acting as complexing or chelating agents in natural waters has received considerable attention in the last two to three decades. Stumm & Morgan (1970) have expressed doubts about the existence of humicmetal ion complexes in natural waters. Strickland (1972) has also stated that although the addition of chelating agents to sea water often improved the growth of phytoplankton, there was little evidence that the function of dissolved organic matter in oceans and lakes was to complex metals so as to increase or decrease their availability to phytoplankton. Strickland argued that even if all dissolved organic carbon were present as a compound of strong complexing ability it would not be able to compete for most metals with inorganic ligands such as chloride, sulphate and hydroxide. However, there is an increasing amount of data indicating that metals in natural waters may exist in chelated forms with dissolved organic matter (see, for example, Davey, Morgan & Erickson, 1973; Chau & Lum-Shue-Chan, 1974).

scholarly journals The influence of humic acid quality on the sorption and mobility of heavy metals

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Barančíková ◽  
J. Makovníková
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
High Degree

Mobile and potentially mobile forms of heavy metals are probably one of the most important toxic hazards in the environment. Besides pH, which is a factor influencing the mobility/availability of heavy metals to the greatest extent, the content and mainly the quality of soil organic matter play a very important role in the evaluation of heavy metal behaviour in the environment. The fraction of metals bound to organic compounds is exclusively associated with humic substances and particularly with humic acids (HA). A relationship between the parameters reflecting the actual structure of humic acids and mobile or potentially mobile fractions of heavy metals was studied in 12 soil localities representing different soil types. It can be stated on the basis of the acquired data that heavy metals tend to form complexes with soil organic matter that are different for each metal. The results suggest that copper is bound mainly in an unavailable form (significant correlations of fraction IV with HA parameters) and cadmium prefers exchangeable forms (significant correlations of fraction I with HA parameters) and is more available. It can be assumed on the basis Spearman’s correlations that mobile fractions of cadmium are predominantly bound to the aliphatic part of humic substances, and copper prefers strong bonds to humic acids with a high degree of humification.

scholarly journals Plant hormones in marine phytoplankton, zooplankton and sea water

1960 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce A. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Trace Organic

Studies by many workers on the subtle ecological relationships of marine organisms suggest that the distribution of these organisms may be controlled, at least in part, by trace organic substances in their environment. These substances may range from ‘toxins to vitamins and hormones’ (Lucas, 1955). Saunders (1957) has reviewed the interrelations ofdissolved organic matter and phytoplankton and considered the possible roles of organic metabolites in the growth of the algae. The presence of several vitamins, for example, B12, thiamin, niacin and biotin, has been demonstrated in natural waters, but the possible occurrence of plant hormones has not previously been considered.

scholarly journals Investigation of Complex Formation Process of Copper with Macromolecular Organic Substances, Isolated from Natural Waters

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Giorgi Makharadze ◽  
Tamar Makharadze
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Complex Formation Process

Natural macromolecular organic substances-fulvic acids take an active part in complex formation processes and stipulate migration forms of heavy metals in natural waters The calculation of the migration forms of heavy metals is one of the problematic issue of the contemporary chemistry, which couldn’t be solved without using the conditional stability constants of fulvate complexes. In spite of researches, experimental data on stability constants of complex compounds of fulvic acids with heavy metals ( among them copper) are heterogeneous and they differ in several lines from each other. One of the reason of such condition is ignoring an average molecular weight of the associates of fulvic acids, which finally causes the wrong results. Complex formation process between copper (II) and fulvic acids was studied by the solubility method at pH=9.0. Cu(OH)2 suspension was used as a solid phase. Fulvic acids were isolated from Paravani lake by the adsorption –chromatographic method. In this article is shown that, during complex formation process every 1/4 part of an associate of fulvic acids(Mw=7610), inculcates into copper's inner coordination sphere as an integral ligand, so it may assume, that the average molecular weight of the associate of fulvic acids which takes part in complex formation process equals to 1903. This part of the associate of fulvic acids was conventionally called an“active associate".The average molecular weight of the“active associate”was used for determination the composition of copper fulvate complex, the concentration of free ligand and stability constant, which equals to 2,25x107   

scholarly journals Many-year dynamics of humic substances content in the drained high bog waters in Western Siberia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Peat Deposit ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Bog Waters ◽  
The Many

Analysis of the many-year dynamics of the humic substances content in forest/melioration site bog waters has been presented. Spectral, correlation and factor analysis have been carried out. The investigations have shown a 2-4 years cyclic recurrence in high drained bog waters humic substances content, as well as statistically significant trend to the humic acids concentration decrease over the many-year period. As for the seasonal dynamics, an appropriate increase of humic acids content in bog waters has been detected in the middle of the vegetation period (July-August). Correlation analysis enabled to state a relationship between the humic acids quantity and the peat reserve redox potential. In some years connections between the humic substances amount in water with the bog water level, peat humidity, peat deposit temperature, air temperature, and atmospheric precipitation were recorded. At that, the temperature regime was a limiting factor determining the humic acids quantity in bog waters, while the peat deposit moisture load determined fulvoacids quantity. It has been shown that as a result of a high bog drainage the increase of vegetative remains and peat organic matter transformation intensity and increase of humic substances in bog waters (14% increase of humic acids and 18% increase of fulvoacids) in comparison with the region background high bogs has occurred. Therefore, economic use of peat bogs, air temperature and atmospheric precipitation increase associated with climate change will facilitate the increase of organic matter both in bog waters and, probably, in groundwaters and river waters of the region.

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