scholarly journals Element and radionuclide concentrations in soils and wildlife from forests in north-eastern England with a focus on species representative of the ICRP's Reference Animals and Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 3021-3038
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Barnett ◽  
Nicholas A. Beresford ◽  
Michael D. Wood ◽  
Maria Izquierdo ◽  
Lee A. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Element Concentration ◽  
Open Government ◽  
International Database ◽  
Data Centre ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Stable Element ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract. There are international recommendations that the environment (i.e. wildlife) is assessed for the potential impact of releases of ionizing radiation. The transfer of radionuclides to wildlife from media (e.g. soil, water) is usually described using the whole-organism concentration ratio (CRwo-media), and a number of assessment models use these values to estimate radiation exposure and risk to wildlife; however, there are many gaps in knowledge. This paper describes a study conducted in 2015–2016 to sample terrestrial wildlife, soil and water from two forests in north-eastern England. Sampling was targeted towards species representative of the International Commission on Radiological Protection's (ICRP) terrestrial Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs): Wild Grass (Poaceae family), Pine Tree (Pinaceae family), Earthworm (Lumbricidae family), Bee (Apidae family), Rat (Muridae family), Deer (Cervidae family) and Frog (Ranidae family); opportunistic sampling of plant and fungi species was also conducted. The dataset comprises stable-element concentrations for 30 elements, radionuclide activity concentrations for K-40 and Cs-137, and radionuclide and stable-element concentration ratios. These data have significantly increased the number of CRwo-media values available for the ICRP RAPs and will contribute to the development of the databases underpinning the ICRP's environmental protection framework. Data will be included in the international database of wildlife transfer parameters for radioecological models and hence are likely to contribute to model developments in the future. All data and supporting documentation are freely available from the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC; https://eidc.ac.uk/, last access: 13 November 2020) under the terms and conditions of the Open Government Licence (Barnett et al., 2020 https://doi.org/10.5285/8f85c188-a915-46ac-966a-95fcb1491be6).

scholarly journals Element and radionuclide concentrations in soils and wildlife from forests in north-east England with a focus on species representative of the ICRP's Reference Animals and Plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Barnett ◽  
Nicholas A. Beresford ◽  
Michael D. Wood ◽  
Maria Izquierdo ◽  
Lee A. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Element Concentration ◽  
Open Government ◽  
International Database ◽  
Data Centre ◽  
North East ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Stable Element ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract. There are international recommendations that the environment (i.e. wildlife) is assessed for the potential impact of releases of ionising radiation. The transfer of radionuclides to wildlife from media (e.g. soil, water) is usually described using the whole-organism concentration ratio (CRwo-media) and a number of assessment models use these values to estimate radiation exposure and risk to wildlife; however, there are many gaps in knowledge. This paper describes a study conducted in 2015–2016 to sample terrestrial wildlife, soil and water from two forests in north-east England. Sampling was targeted towards species representative of the International Commission on Radiological Protection's (ICRP) terrestrial Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs): Wild Grass (Poaceae family), Pine Tree (Pinaceae family), Earthworm (Lumbricidae family), Bee (Apidae family), Rat (Muridae family), Deer (Cervidae family) and Frog (Ranidae family); opportunistic sampling of plant and fungi species was also conducted. The dataset comprises stable element concentrations for 30 elements, radionuclide activity concentrations for K-40 and Cs-137, and radionuclide and stable element concentration ratios (CRwo-media). These data have significantly increased the number of CRwo-media values available for the ICRP RAPs and will contribute to the development of the ICRP's environmental protection framework. Data will be included in the international database of wildlife transfer parameters for radioecological models and hence are likely to contribute to model developments in the future. All data and supporting documentation are freely available from the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC; https://eidc.ac.uk/) under the terms and conditions of the Open Government Licence (Barnett et al., 2020 https://doi.org/10.5285/8f85c188-a915-46ac-966a-95fcb1491be6).

WA-27I-P, EXMOUTH SUB-BASIN—INTEGRATED PROSPECTIVITY EVALUATION

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
S.M. Polomka ◽  
J. Bruins ◽  
G.A. Spanninga ◽  
I.P. Mennie
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The North ◽  
Reservoir Development ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
Data Acquisition Program ◽  
Seismic Anomalies

Permit WA-271-P in the southern Exmouth Sub-basin was initially gazetted as W96–20 in the 1996 gazettal round.It was recognised at an early stage that fluids found in Novara-1 (14° API oil), Pyrenees-1 and Macedon-1 (19° API oil and gas) made economic viability of traditional Barrow Group prospects in WA-271-P problematic and dependant upon the accurate prediction of reservoir development and fluid type.After award, Woodside embarked upon an intensive data acquisition program that included 800 km2 3D, 1,600 km 2D seismic, and 34,000 line km of aeromagnetic data. The integration of this data was completed in the latter part of 1998. The evaluation of the exploration 3D survey in the north eastern portion of the permit included volume interpretation and 3D visualisation, the results of which were integrated with an aeromagnetic and gravity study of the permit. The resultant interpretation clearly defined fault patterns and confidently identified and distinguished seismic anomalies caused by fluid effects from those generated by igneous bodies. This interpretation was supported by the application of quantitative interpretation techniques to Near, Full, Far stacks and DMO gathers with the knowledge then extrapolated to the regional 2D seismic grid beyond the 3D survey area.Environmental risk awareness and contingency planning formed an integral part of the early work within the permit. A metocean survey and spill modelling study were conducted leading to the production of a Resource Atlas. The results of the environmental studies were incorporated into the timing of exploration activities to minimise any potential impact on the environment.In summary, a focussed and multidisciplinary approach to the evaluation of the prospectivity of the permit was achieved through an integrated work flow. This has resulted in an attractive portfolio of prospects and leads from a number of play fairways, improved risk assessment, and the development of new plays within the permit, including both the traditional Barrow Group plays, and Jurassic and Triassic deep water plays. This approach has added considerable value to the permit by introducing new technologies and successfully managing risk with old play types.The first prospect drilled in the permit in December 1998, Vincent–1, was an oil and gas discovery.

Pine-Pine Gall Rust on Young Jack Pine in Northwestern Ontario

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Jennifer Juzwik ◽  
Nancy Chong
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Stand Management ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Endocronartium Harknessii ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract Pine-pine gall rust, caused by Endocronartium harknessii, accounted for >99% of all stem rusts encountered during a 1987 survey of jack pine in 71 plantations regenerated with planted stock or by seeding between 1979 and 1984 in northwestern Ontario. Significant differences in rust incidence were detected among the six districts in the region (P < 0.05) with mean incidence ranging from 6.7 to 17.2%. Trees with main stem galls were found more frequently than trees with only branch galls. The majority of main stem infections in 44 plantations where incidence of main stem galls was >5% were in the potential impact class where deformity or mortality was imminent (P < 0.05). The average level of mortality attributed to rust was low (3.4%). Implications of the results to the region's jack pine tree improvement program and to stand management are discussed. North. J. Appl. For. 7:133-136, September 1990.

scholarly journals Post-Chernobyl surveys of radiocaesium in soil, vegetation, wildlife and fungi in Great Britain

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Chaplow ◽  
N. A. Beresford ◽  
C. L. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Natural Environment Research Council ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Data Centre

Abstract. The data set "Post Chernobyl surveys of radiocaesium in soil, vegetation, wildlife and fungi in Great Britain" was developed to enable data collected by the Natural Environment Research Council after the Chernobyl accident to be made publicly available. Data for samples collected between May 1986 (immediately after Chernobyl) to spring 1997 are presented. Additional data to radiocaesium concentrations are presented where available. The data have value in trying to assess the contribution of new sources of radiocaesium in the environment, providing baseline data for future planned releases and to aid the development and testing of models. The data are freely available for non-commercial use under Open Government Licence terms and conditions. doi:10.5285/d0a6a8bf-68f0-4935-8b43-4e597c3bf251. Supporting information to assist with the reuse of this data is available from the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) (http://eidc.ceh.ac.uk/).

scholarly journals SMART GOVERNMENT DALAM RANGKA MEWUJUDKAN SMART CITY DI KOTA BANDUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Eko Budi Santoso ◽  
Annisa Rahmadanita
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Data Centre ◽  
Smart Government

Artikel ini mengulas hasil penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan smart government dalam mendukung terwujudnya smart city di Kota Bandung, khususnya pada penerapan smart government. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif berdasarkan konsep smart government menurut Cohen (2014), yang mencakup 3 dimensi yaitu online services, infrastructure, serta open government. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Smart government dalam rangka mewujudkan smart city di Kota Bandung yang dilihat dari 3 dimensi tersebut, secara umum menunjukkan karakteristik yang mendukung terwujudnya smart city di Kota Bandung. Dari ketiga aspek tersebut, terdapat 1 (satu) dimensi yang karakteristiknya kurang mendukung, yaitu aspek infrastructure. Pada dimensi infrastruktur ini terdapat permasalahan dari sisi kekurangan fiber optik, kepemilikan server dan data centre. Juga belum ada pemetaan infrastruktur sesuai kebutuhan Pemerintah Kota Bandung dalam menerapkan smart government. Oleh karena disarankan agar Pemerintah Kota Bandung dapat menyusun peta rencana kebutuhan dan pengembangan infrastruktur pada penerapan smart government dalam rangka mewujudkan smart city di Kota BandungArtikel ini mengulas hasil penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan smart government dalam mendukung terwujudnya smart city di Kota Bandung, khususnya pada penerapan smart government. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif berdasarkan konsep smart government menurut Cohen (2014), yang mencakup 3 dimensi yaitu online services, infrastructure, serta open government. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Smart government dalam rangka mewujudkan smart city di Kota Bandung yang dilihat dari 3 dimensi tersebut, secara umum menunjukkan karakteristik yang mendukung terwujudnya smart city di Kota Bandung. Dari ketiga aspek tersebut, terdapat 1 (satu) dimensi yang karakteristiknya kurang mendukung, yaitu aspek infrastructure. Pada dimensi infrastruktur ini terdapat permasalahan dari sisi kekurangan fiber optik, kepemilikan server dan data centre. Juga belum ada pemetaan infrastruktur sesuai kebutuhan Pemerintah Kota Bandung dalam menerapkan smart government. Oleh karena disarankan agar Pemerintah Kota Bandung dapat menyusun peta rencana kebutuhan dan pengembangan infrastruktur pada penerapan smart government dalam rangka mewujudkan smart city di Kota Bandung

Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesselin Alexandrov ◽  
Josef Eitzinger ◽  
Vesna Cajic ◽  
Michael Oberforster
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
Potential Impact

Enhanced natural radioactivity in leachate and groundwater of Belgian landfills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pepin ◽  
B. Dehandschutter ◽  
J. Claes ◽  
G. Biermans ◽  
S. Nootens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Potential Impact

To investigate the potential impact on ground- or surface water of natural radionuclides present in waste disposed onto landfills, activity concentrations in leachates, waste water treatment plant discharge and groundwater of several landfills in Belgium have been analysed. 16 currently in operation landfills for hazardous and non-hazardous waste and 10 legacy landfills have been investigated. Results indicate the presence of a slightly enhanced concentration of uranium and other radionuclides in some leachates of landfills in operation. For legacy landfills, enhanced uranium concentration is also observed in some groundwater wells. The presence of uranium in groundwater around landfills is always accompanied by a contamination with other heavy metals and chlorides. No clear linear correlation between concentration of uranium and other metals could be found however. Isotopic ratio between U-238 and U-234 has been calculated in the different water matrices and is close to one in contaminated groundwater, probably indicating an anthropogenic contamination. In all cases, the concentrations of natural radionuclides do not reach values of concern from radiation protection point of view.

Assessing the potential impact of invasive cane toads on a commercial freshwater fishery in tropical Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchira Somaweera ◽  
Michael R. Crossland ◽  
Richard Shine
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Prey Type ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cane Toad ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Tropical Australia ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Context The toxins produced by cane toads (Rhinella marina) are fatal to many Australian predators that ingest these invasive anurans. To date, the potential economic impact of the cane toad invasion has attracted little attention. Toads have recently arrived at a large impoundment (Lake Argyle) in north-eastern Western Australia, that supports a commercial fishery for silver cobbler (shovel-nosed catfish, Arius midgleyi), raising concern that the toads may inflict significant economic damage by killing fish. Aims Our research aimed to clarify the vulnerability of silver cobblers to the eggs and larvae of cane toads by determining (a) whether catfish are adversely affected if they prey on toad eggs or tadpoles, and (b) whether surviving catfish learn to avoid cane toad eggs and tadpoles in subsequent encounters. Methods We conducted laboratory feeding trials to examine feeding responses of catfish to cane toad eggs and tadpoles in early and late developmental stages. Fish that survived exposure to toad eggs and/or tadpoles were re-tested with potential prey of the same sizes and developmental stages four days later. Key results Our laboratory trials confirmed that some catfish eat toad eggs and die; but most catfish avoided the eggs. Catfish readily consumed toad tadpoles at both early and late developmental stages, but without experiencing mortality; and soon learned not to consume this toxic new prey type. Conclusions and implications Despite potential frequent episodes of mortality of small numbers of catfish during the wet season, the overall impacts of cane toads on the Lake Argyle fishery likely will be minimal.

Changes in corneocyte element concentrations occur in skin inner stratum corneum

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-147
Author(s):  
R. R. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Intercellular Lipid

Keratinocytes undergo maturation during their transit through the viable layers of skin, and then abruptly transform into flattened, anuclear corneocytes that constitute the cellular component of the skin barrier, the stratum corneum (SC). The SC is generally considered to be homogeneous in its structure and barrier properties, and is often shown schematically as a featureless brick wall, the “bricks” being the corneocytes, the “mortar” being intercellular lipid. Previously we showed the outer SC was not homogeneous in its composition, but contained steep gradients of the physiological inorganic elements Na, K and Cl, likely originating from sweat salts. Here we show the innermost corneocytes in human skin are also heterogeneous in composition, undergoing systematic changes in intracellular element concentration during transit into the interior of the SC.Human skin biopsies were taken from the lower leg of individuals with both “good” and “dry” skin and plunge-frozen in a stirred, cooled isopentane/propane mixture.

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