scholarly journals Short communication: The Topographic Analysis Kit (TAK) for TopoToolbox

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Forte ◽  
Kelin X. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Topographic Analysis ◽  
Runtime Environment ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Programming Skills ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Channel Steepness

Abstract. Quantitative analysis of digital topographic data is an increasingly important part of many studies in the geosciences. Initially, performing these analyses was a niche endeavor, requiring detailed domain knowledge and programming skills, but increasingly broad, flexible, open-source code bases have been developed to increasingly democratize topographic analysis. However, many of these analyses still require specific computing environments and/or moderate levels of knowledge of both the relevant programming language and the correct way to take these fundamental building blocks and conduct an efficient and effective topographic analysis. To partially address this, we have written the Topographic Analysis Kit (TAK), which leverages the power of one of these open code bases, TopoToolbox, to build a series of high-level topographic analysis tools to perform a variety of common topographic analyses. These analyses include the generation of maps of normalized channel steepness, or χ, and selection and statistical analysis of populations of watersheds. No programming skills or advanced mastery of MATLAB is required for effective use of TAK. In addition – to expand the utility of TAK along with the primary functions, which like the underlying TopoToolbox functions require MATLAB and several proprietary toolboxes to run – we provide compiled versions of these functions that use the free MATLAB Runtime Environment for users who do not have institutional access to MATLAB or all of the required toolboxes.

scholarly journals Short communication: The Topographic Analysis Kit (TAK) for TopoToolbox

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Forte ◽  
Kelin X. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Topographic Analysis ◽  
Runtime Environment ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Programming Skills ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Channel Steepness

Abstract. Quantitative analysis of digital topographic data is an increasingly important part of many studies in the geosciences. Initially, performing these analyses was a niche endeavor, requiring detailed domain knowledge and programming skills, but increasingly broad, flexible, open source code bases have been developed to increasingly democratize topographic analysis. However, many of these still require specific computing environments and/or moderate levels of knowledge of both the relevant programming language and the correct way to take these fundamental building blocks and conduct an efficient and effective topographic analysis. To partially address this, we have written the Topographic Analysis Kit (TAK) which leverages the power of one of these open source libraries, TopoToolbox, to build a series of high-level topographic analysis tools to perform a variety of common topographic analyses, including generation of maps of normalized channel steepness or chi and selection and statistical analysis of populations of watersheds. No programming skills or advanced Matlab capability is required for effective use of TAK. In addition, to expand the utility of TAK, along with the primary functions, which like the underlying TopoToolbox functions require Matlab and several proprietary toolboxes to run, we provide compiled versions of these functions that use the free Matlab Runtime Environment for users who do not have institutional access to Matlab or all of the required toolboxes.

scholarly journals SDN Programming for Heterogeneous Switches with Flow Table Pipelining

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junchang Wang ◽  
Shaojin Cheng ◽  
Xiong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Flow Rule ◽  
Link Failures ◽  
Flow Table ◽  
Network Link ◽  
Rule Sets ◽  
Rule Set ◽  
State Changes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use

High-level programming is one of the critical building blocks of the effective use of software-defined networking (SDN). Existing solutions, however, either (1) cannot utilize the state-of-the-art switches with flow table pipelining, a key technique to prevent flow rule set explosion or (2) force programmers to manually organize and manage hardware flow table pipelines, which is time-consuming and error-prone. This paper presents a high-level SDN programming framework to address these issues. The framework can automatically (1) generate rule sets for heterogeneous switches with different flow table pipelining designs and (2) update installed rules when the network state changes. As a result, the framework can not only generate efficient rule sets for switches but also provide programmers a centralized, intuitive, and hence easy-to-use programming API. Experiments show that the framework can generate compact rule sets that are 29–116 times smaller than those generated by other open-source SDN controllers. Besides, the framework is 5 times faster to recover from network link failures in comparison to other controllers.

scholarly journals Identification of biological mechanisms by semantic classifier systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwig Lausser ◽  
Florian Schmid ◽  
Lea Siegle ◽  
Rolf Hühne ◽  
Malte Buchholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Classifier Systems ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Classifier System ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe interpretability of a classification model is one of its most essential characteristics. It allows for the generation of new hypotheses on the molecular background of a disease. However, it is questionable if more complex molecular regulations can be reconstructed from such limited sets of data. To bridge the gap between complexity and interpretability, we replace the de novo reconstruction of these processes by a hybrid classification approach partially based on existing domain knowledge. Using semantic building blocks that reflect real biological processes these models were able to construct hypotheses on the underlying genetic configuration of the analysed phenotypes. As in the building process, also these hypotheses are composed of high-level biology-based terms. The semantic information we utilise from gene ontology is a vocabulary which comprises the essential processes or components of a biological system. The constructed semantic multi-classifier system consists of expert base classifiers which each select the most suitable term for characterising their assigned problems. Our experiments conducted on datasets of three distinct research fields revealed terms with well-known associations to the analysed context. Furthermore, some of the chosen terms do not seem to be obviously related to the issue and thus lead to new, hypotheses to pursue.Author summaryData mining strategies are designed for an unbiased de novo analysis of large sample collections and aim at the detection of frequent patterns or relationships. Later on, the gained information can be used to characterise diagnostically relevant classes and for providing hints to the underlying mechanisms which may cause a specific phenotype or disease. However, the practical use of data mining techniques can be restricted by the available resources and might not correctly reconstruct complex relationships such as signalling pathways.To counteract this, we devised a semantic approach to the issue: a multi-classifier system which incorporates existing biological knowledge and returns interpretable models based on these high-level semantic terms. As a novel feature, these models also allow for qualitative analysis and hypothesis generation on the molecular processes and their relationships leading to different phenotypes or diseases.

Generic tasks as building blocks for knowledge-based systems: the diagnosis and routine design examples

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Knowledge Based Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Generic Tasks ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe level of abstraction of much of the work in knowledge-based systems (the rule, frame, logic level) is too low to provide a rich enough vocabulary for knowledge and control. I provide an overview of a framework called the Generic Task approach that proposes that knowledge systems should be built out of building blocks, each of which is appropriate for a basic type of problem solving. Each generic task uses forms of knowledge and control strategies that are characteristic to it, and are in general conceptually closer to domain knowledge. This facilitates knowledge acquisition and can produce a more perspicuous explanation of problem solving. The relationship of the constructs at the generic task level to the rule-frame level is analogous to that between high-level programming languages and assembly languages in computer science. I describe a set of generic tasks that have been found particularly useful in constructing diagnostic, design and planning systems. In particular, I describe two tools, CSRL and DSPL, that are useful for building classification-based diagnostic systems and skeletal planning systems respectively, and a high level toolbox that is under construction called the Generic Task toolbox.

scholarly journals E-learning-Oriented Software Architecture Design and Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Peng Lu ◽  
Xiao Cong ◽  
Dongdai Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Application Framework ◽  
Component Library ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

Nowadays, E-learning system has been widely applied to practical teaching. It was favored by people for its characterized course arrangement and flexible learning schedule. However, the system does have some problems in the process of application such as the functions of single software are not diversified enough to satisfy the requirements in teaching completely. In order to cater more applications in the teaching process, it is necessary to integrate functions from different systems. But the difference in developing techniques and the inflexibility in design makes it difficult to implement. The major reason of these problems is the lack of fine software architecture. In this article, we build domain model and component model of E-learning system and components integration method on the basis of WebService. And we proposed an abstract framework of E-learning which could express the semantic relationship among components and realize high level reusable on the basis of informationized teaching mode. On this foundation, we form an E-learning oriented layering software architecture contain component library layer, application framework layer and application layer. Moreover, the system contains layer division multiplexing and was not built upon developing language and tools. Under the help of the software architecture, we could build characterized E-learning system flexibly like building blocks through framework selection, component assembling and replacement. In addition, we exemplify how to build concrete E-learning system on the basis of this software architecture.

scholarly journals Short Communication: The higher laccase enzyme producer, Cerrena sp. BMd.TA.1, isolated from Gunung Rinjani National Park, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH ASIH FAULINA ◽  
ASEP HIDAYAT ◽  
SYAMSUL FALAH ◽  
Apri Heri Iswanto
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
National Park ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Fungal Enzymes ◽  
Fungal Laccase ◽  
Synthetic Dye ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Faulina SA, Irfani M, Falah S, Hidayat A, Iswanto AH. 2020. Short Communication: The higher laccase enzyme producer, Cerrena sp. BMd. TA.1, isolated from Gunung Rinjani National Park, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3837-3842. Lies in the Wallace line, Gunung Rinjani National Park (GRNP) offers unique biodiversity, fungi included. Fungal enzymes have been unceasingly searched and studied for various applications, particularly for biodegradation. Fungal laccase enzyme showed prospective environmental-friendly approach in treating industrial effluent, remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) which is used as a synthetic dye. This study aimed to explore the laccase-producing fungi from the GNRP, as well as investigate their ability in decolorizing RBBR. The study discovered that the most prospective fungi isolate, molecularly identified as Cerrena sp. BMd.TA.1, produced a high level of laccase (> 2300 U mL-1) and manganese peroxidase (MnP, 300 U mL-1). In the application of this isolate, the laccase showed as predominant enzyme in RBBR decolorization process and the RBBR could be decolorized more than 80% at 24 h reaction. It suggested that Cerrena sp BMd.TA.1 isolate is highly potential as laccase enzyme producer and may be considered for further investigations in its applications for biodegradation, especially of dyes effluent.

scholarly journals The Potential of Building Tourist Cities by Using Existing Resources in Uzbekistan with an Innovative Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madina M. Khashimova ◽  
Shakhzod F. Turakulov
Keyword(s):  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Training Area

This article reflects the construction of tourist cities using the resources available on the territory of Uzbekistan. The benefits of utilisation for the development of tourism infrastructure from geological cities that are not exploited, included in the available resources, have been analyzed. The high level of efficiency in the use of geological cities is based on the availability of economic infrastructure, which is recognized as the application of this infrastructure in the construction of tourist cities is low in costs. The article shows the specific natural anchors of three ecotouristic objects, the srategic plans for effective use of these anchors. Proposals on the expediency of the establishment of camps, bags, summer recreation zones are included in these facilities. The abundance of excursion facilities and attractions in the objects of ecotourism expressed their views on the possibility of opening remarkable travel destinations. And the steep slopes of the mountain are shown to be a special training area for training highly qualified climbers. Reflecting the peculiarities of the nature of the objects of the ecosystem, the role of these settlements with unique natural conditions in the development of tourism is established. The potential for the construction of such ecotouristic cities in the Republic of Uzbekistan is high, and the growth in the efficiency of the use of such potentials is reported to increase the number of tourists coming from foreign countries to Uzbekistan.

Seismic anisotropy

Geophysics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Seismic Anisotropy ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Principal Reason ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use

The topic of seismic anisotropy in exploration and exploitation has seen a great deal of progress in the past decade‐and‐a‐half. The principal reason for this is the increased (and increasing) quality of seismic data, of the processing done to it, and of the interpretation expected from it. No longer an academic subject of little practical interest, it is now often viewed as one of the crucial factors which, if not taken into account, severely hampers our effective use of the data. The following brief overview is not intended to be exhaustive, since any such attempt would surely be incomplete. However, it does provide a high‐level survey of the advances seen (at the end of this period) to be important by one who was closely involved, and it directly extrapolates this history to predict the future development of the topic.

Introduction to Smart Environments

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Smart Environments ◽  
Smart Environment ◽  
Smart Spaces ◽  
Cooperative Activity ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Now the Internet of Things (IoT) is growing fast into a large industry with huge potential economic impact expected in near future. The IoT technology evolves to a substrate for resource interconnection and convergence. The users' needs go beyond the existing web-like services, which do not provide satisfactory coupling and automatic composition when the user tries to solve tasks from her/his everyday life. New generation of services (named “smart services”) emerges. In this chapter, we introduce the problem of effective use of the multitude of IoT-enabled devices and other digital resources that now surround our lives. The devices support and assist human by provision of digital services. This is the key objective of a smart environment. Our focus is on such a particular class of smart environments as smart spaces. This class targets IoT-enabled computing environments, where a smart space is created and then provides an infrastructure for applications to construct and deliver value-added services based on cooperative activity of environment participants, either human or machines.

Optical Music Analysis for Printed Music Score and Handwritten Music Manuscript

2011 ◽  
pp. 108-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kia Ng
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Divide And Conquer ◽  
Music Score ◽  
Segmentation Approach ◽  
Printed Music ◽  
High Level ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Readable Format

This chapter describes an optical document imaging system to transform paper-based music scores and manuscripts into machine-readable format and a restoration system to touch-up small imperfections (for example broken stave lines and stems), to restore deteriorated master copy for reprinting. The chapter presents a brief background of this field, discusses the main obstacles, and presents the processes involved for printed music scores processing; using a divide-and-conquer approach to sub-segment compound musical symbols (e.g., chords) and inter-connected groups (e.g., beamed quavers) into lower-level graphical primitives (e.g., lines and ellipses) before recognition and reconstruction. This is followed by discussions on the developments of a handwritten manuscripts prototype with a segmentation approach to separate handwritten musical primitives. Issues and approaches for recognition, reconstruction and revalidation using basic music syntax and high-level domain knowledge, and data representation are also presented.

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