scholarly journals 3D MODELING OF RIO MIERA WRECK SHIP MERGING OPTICAL AND MULTIBEAM HIGH RESOLUTION POINTS CLOUD

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
E. Prado ◽  
M. Gómez-Ballesteros ◽  
A. Cobo ◽  
F. Sánchez ◽  
A. Rodriguez-Basalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy ◽  
Merging Procedure ◽  
Cantabrian Coast ◽  
Underwater Exploration ◽  
First Time

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> 3D reconstruction and virtual reality (VR) technology provide many opportunities for the documentation and dissemination of underwater cultural heritage. Advances in the development of underwater exploration technology have allowed for the first time to accurately reconstruct a complete 3D model of the cargo Río Miera in the Cantabrian Sea. Sunk on December 6, 1951 after a strong collision, the cargo ship Río Miera rests on a sandy bottom about 40 meters deep, very close to the Cantabrian coast. Located in an area of strong currents is a classic objective of the region for the most experienced divers. The survey was carried out this summer in R/V Ramón Margalef of the IEO, acquiring acoustic data with multibeam echo sounders and hundreds of images acquired by a remotely piloted underwater vehicle. The campaign is part of the PhotoMARE project - Underwater Photogrammetry for MArine Renewable Energy. This work describes the workflow regarding the survey, images and acoustic data acquisition, data processing, optic 3D point cloud color enhancement and acoustic and optic dataset merging procedure to obtain a complete 3D model of wreck Río Miera in Cantabrian Sea. Through this project, Spanish Institute of Oceanography – IEO have advanced – combining acoustic and image methods - in the generation of 3D models of archaeological sites and submerged structures.</p>

scholarly journals UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL (DSM) OF THE SUBMERGED SITE OF THE ANCIENT LIGHTHOUSE NEAR QAITBAY FORT IN ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdelaziz ◽  
M. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Surface Model ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
3D Photogrammetry ◽  
First Time

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Underwater photogrammetry in archaeology in Egypt is a completely new experience applied for the first time on the submerged archaeological site of the lighthouse of Alexandria situated on the eastern extremity of the ancient island of Pharos at the foot of Qaitbay Fort at a depth of 2 to 9 metres. In 2009/2010, the CEAlex launched a 3D photogrammetry data-gathering programme for the virtual reassembly of broken artefacts. In 2013 and the beginning of 2014, with the support of the Honor Frost Foundation, methods were developed and refined to acquire manual photographic data of the entire underwater site of Qaitbay using a DSLR camera, simple and low cost materials to obtain a digital surface model (DSM) of the submerged site of the lighthouse, and also to create 3D models of the objects themselves, such as statues, bases of statues and architectural elements. In this paper we present the methodology used for underwater data acquisition, data processing and modelling in order to generate a DSM of the submerged site of Alexandria’s ancient lighthouse. Until 2016, only about 7200&amp;thinsp;m<sup>2</sup> of the submerged site, which exceeds more than 13000&amp;thinsp;m<sup>2</sup>, was covered. One of our main objectives in this project is to georeference the site since this would allow for a very precise 3D model and for correcting the orientation of the site as regards the real-world space.</p>

scholarly journals SELF-ASSEMBLED ROV AND PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEYS WITH LOW COST TECHNIQUES

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-2 ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
E. Costa ◽  
F. Guerra ◽  
P. Vernier
Keyword(s):  
Reference System ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Geometric Accuracy ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Scientific Application ◽  
Self Assembled

In last years, ROVs, have been employed to explore underwater environments and have played an important role for documentation and surveys in different fields of scientific application. In 2017, the Laboratorio di Fotogrammetria of Iuav University of Venice has decided to buy an OpenRov, a low cost ROV that could be assembled by ourselves to add some external components for our necessities, to document archaeological sites.<br> The paper is related to the photogrammetric survey for the documentation of underwater environments and to the comparison between different solutions applied on a case studio, five marble columns on a sandy bottom at 5 meters deep. On the lateral sides of the ROV, we have applied two GoPro Hero4 Session, which have documented the items both with a series of images and with a video. The geometric accuracy of the obtained 3D model has been evaluated through comparison with a photogrammetric model realized with a professional reflex camera, Nikon D610. Some targets have been topographically surveyed with a trilateration and have been used to connected in the same reference system the different models, allowing the comparisons of the point clouds. Remote Operating Vehicles offer not only safety for their operators, but are also a relatively low cost alternative. The employment of a low-cost vehicle adapted to the necessities of surveys support a request for safer, cheaper and efficient methods for exploring underwater environments.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF SPATIAL CORRELATION OF 3D MODELS IN AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
D. Kaimaris ◽  
T. Roustanis ◽  
K. Klimantakis ◽  
I. A. Karolos ◽  
P. Patias
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Augmented Reality Application ◽  
Building Walls ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

Abstract. The use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology is widespread in countless archaeological sites and a variety of applications. Archaeological excavations lead to archaeological finds, some of which are transported for preservation and then for exhibition in museums (jewelry, vases, etc.), while another part of them is documented in detail and remains in situ (eg building walls), roads, grave covers, etc.). However, after the registration of the archaeological finds, it is impossible to observe them. As part of our research project, we will develop for the first time AR methodology and procedures for the observation of covered archaeological finds on mobile devices (smart phones, tablets), which were registered after their documentation. AR technology in recent years has seen great growth in terms of implementation platforms and available software, as well as the tools developed to support it. These tools either make their appearance in the form of frameworks, extending the capabilities of an existing engine, or function as independent services. At the same time, progress has been made in the field of sensors of mobile devices, which makes the compatibility of hardware and software another issue to be researched. As part of the development of the above application for mobile devices, an evaluation is made of the most widespread AR Frameworks that support the Unity3d Game Engine and the compatibility / interoperability with the sensors of different categories of mobile devices. The frameworks were checked and evaluated for placement and tracking of the positions of the 3D covered objects. In this paper also, methodologies and techniques used in space detection and tracking are presented and evaluated.

scholarly journals Voxel-Based 3D Object Reconstruction from Single 2D Image Using Variational Autoencoders

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 2288
Author(s):  
Rohan Tahir ◽  
Allah Bux Sargano ◽  
Zulfiqar Habib
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Object Reconstruction ◽  
Data Set ◽  
3D Object ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
3D Object Reconstruction ◽  
First Time ◽  
Memory Efficient

In recent years, learning-based approaches for 3D reconstruction have gained much popularity due to their encouraging results. However, unlike 2D images, 3D cannot be represented in its canonical form to make it computationally lean and memory-efficient. Moreover, the generation of a 3D model directly from a single 2D image is even more challenging due to the limited details available from the image for 3D reconstruction. Existing learning-based techniques still lack the desired resolution, efficiency, and smoothness of the 3D models required for many practical applications. In this paper, we propose voxel-based 3D object reconstruction (V3DOR) from a single 2D image for better accuracy, one using autoencoders (AE) and another using variational autoencoders (VAE). The encoder part of both models is used to learn suitable compressed latent representation from a single 2D image, and a decoder generates a corresponding 3D model. Our contribution is twofold. First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time that variational autoencoders (VAE) have been employed for the 3D reconstruction problem. Second, the proposed models extract a discriminative set of features and generate a smoother and high-resolution 3D model. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method, experiments have been conducted on a benchmark ShapeNet data set. The results confirm that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals 3D Modeling of Dwellings from Russian Archaeological Sites in Siberia: Reliability of Approximation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 164-176
Author(s):  
Larisa V. Tataurova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Life Support ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Life Support System ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
The Irtysh River

Purpose. The dwelling, as one of the basic elements of the life-support system, more and more often is becoming a focus of researchers’ interest when they excavate archaeological sites where Russian population lived during the New Age in Siberia. On the basis of materials obtained from the excavations, various types of reconstruction are carried out, including 3D models. Written and ethnographic sources are used to create such models as comparative materials. Results. The sources studied give information about the area of the buildings, but indicators of the possible height of these constructions in the 17th – 18th centuries remain hypothetical. Our material is based on representative ethnographic information and archaeological materials on the dwellings of Russian population in the Irtysh River area near Tara, Mangazeya and Sayan ostrog. We used published written sources that contained information about probable height characteristics of dwellings during the 17th – 18th centuries, made our calculations and created 3D models of dwellings, which were analyzed. Conclusion. The main conclusion drawn from the results of our work is that the accuracy of reproduction of certain properties of the original object while making a 3D model should be based not only on the search for analogues, but also take into account the cultural landscape surrounding the object in the studied period of time.

scholarly journals 3D DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHEOLOGICAL REMAINS IN THE UNDERWATER PARK OF BAIAE

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W5 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bruno ◽  
A. Lagudi ◽  
A. Gallo ◽  
M. Muzzupappa ◽  
B. Davidde Petriaggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Bathymetric Map

This paper presents some experimentations, which have been conducted in the submerged archeological Park of Baiae, aimed to identify the problems related to the underwater 3D documentation process. The first test has been addressed to verify if a dense stereo mapping technique, usually employed in terrestrial and aerial applications, might be employed in critical underwater conditions by assessing the influence of different factors on the results. In the second test, the accuracy of the 3D model obtained through this technique has been evaluated. The third test deals with the geo-localization of the 3D models, conducted by merging the optical and acoustic data, through a multi-resolution bathymetric map of the site as a reference.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED METHODS FOR THE CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES. AN EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATION ON THE “BALNEUM” OF PIAZZA DANTE IN CATANIA (ITALY)

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 661-668
Author(s):  
G. Sanfilippo ◽  
A. Mondello ◽  
F. M. La Russa ◽  
L. La Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
The Road ◽  
Experimental Application ◽  
Integrated Methods ◽  
Very High

Abstract. Archaeological sites in urban areas are often poorly integrated with the modern urban fabric and appear as “trenches” at a lower level than the road. They become neglected and unvalued places. The study of archaeological ruins in urban centres must involve archaeologists and architects to integrate restoration, enhancement and improvement of physical and visual accessibility projects. New digital technologies can improve these activities thanks to 3D models, “digital replicas” that allow even remote study (especially during a pandemic). The paper presents the case study of a private Roman-imperial bath in Catania. The open-air site is located at a depth of 3 metres above the road level and is not exploited. Our study consisted of historical-bibliographical research, direct and SfM surveys that allowed creating a high-resolution textured 3D model. We have extracted orthophotos and sections for geometric and technical-constructive analyses and recognition of decay from this model. We drew up an archaeological restoration and valorisation design. In addition, we imported the model into the Sketchfab portal. So, we enriched the mesh with information from the analyses employing specific tags about annotations, 2D drawings, historical and technical-scientific information. In this way, the model becomes an interactive document to monitor over time the conservation state, validate the restoration design and contribute to the valorisation of the site. This is an easy tool of exchange between all involved users (researchers, professions and students). Thus, the digital replica also represents a very high potential for dissemination purposes.

scholarly journals Quartz Crystallite Size and Moganite Content as Indicators of the Mineralogical Maturity of the Carboniferous Chert: The Case of Cherts from Eastern Asturias (Spain)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Celia Marcos ◽  
María de Uribe-Zorita ◽  
Pedro Álvarez-Lloret ◽  
Alaa Adawy ◽  
Patricia Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Infrared And Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Geological Formations

Chert samples from different coastal and inland outcrops in the Eastern Asturias (Spain) were mineralogically investigated for the first time for archaeological purposes. X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopy and total organic carbon techniques were used. The low content of moganite, since its detection by X-ray diffraction is practically imperceptible, and the crystallite size (over 1000 Å) of the quartz in these cherts would be indicative of its maturity and could potentially be used for dating chert-tools recovered from archaeological sites. Also, this information can constitute essential data to differentiate the cherts and compare them with those used in archaeological tools. However, neither composition nor crystallite size would allow distinguishing between coastal and inland chert outcrops belonging to the same geological formations.

Experimental and numerical investigations on novel models for mechanical behaviors of the elastic ring in aero-engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110130
Author(s):  
Zhong Luo ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Xiaojie Hou ◽  
Jiaxi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Elastic Ring ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Stiffness Characteristics ◽  
First Time

The elastic ring is widely used in elastic support structures of aero-engine because of its simple structure and convenient manufacturing. In this paper, two elastic ring models, 3D and 2D models, are proposed, where the fillets between the bulges and ring are considered. The 2D model is more efficient for the calculation of stiffness characteristics. The 3D model can be used to obtain the maximum stress position in the axial direction. Then the experimental testing is carried out to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed models. Based on the proposed models, the stiffness nonlinearity and critical load of the elastic ring are found for the first time, which can be used to determine the normal working load range. Moreover, the elastic ring models with and without fillets are developed, and the effect of the fillets on stress is discussed. The results show that the stress is reduced by considering the fillets, which are not considered in the existing literature.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Chronology of the Shigir and Gorbunovo Archaeological Bog Sites, Middle Urals, Russia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 783-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia E Zaretskaya ◽  
Sönke Hartz ◽  
Thomas Terberger ◽  
Svetlana N Savchenko ◽  
Mikhail G Zhilin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Late Mesolithic ◽  
Ams Dates

Two well-known archaeological sites, the peat bogs of Shigir and Gorbunovo (Middle Urals, Russia), have been radiocarbon dated (61 conventional and accelerator mass spectrometry [AMS] dates from various natural and artifact samples). For the first time, a detailed chronology of Early to Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic occupation for this region has been obtained, and a paleoenvironmental history reconstructed. Based on these results, we propose that the Mesolithic settlement of the Middle Urals region started in the early Holocene, at the same time as in central and eastern Europe.

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