scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COMMON QUALITY PROBLEMS IN COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION BETWEEN REFERENCE COORDINATE SYSTEM AND GEOCENTRIC COORDINATE SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 1281-1286
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Base Station ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Reference Coordinate System ◽  
Station Coordinates ◽  
Transformation Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geocentric Coordinate System

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the working of the existing reference coordinate system transformed into the coordinate system of the geocentric coordinate system, many experts and scholars have in-depth research on the transformation methods such as geodetic control point results (including GNSS base station coordinates, GNSS control point coordinates, triangle point coordinates), basic geographic information data results (including DLG, DOM, DEM, DRG, DSM, etc.) and other spatial information data. On the basis of these studies, many provinces and cities have completed the coordinate system transformation of surveying and mapping results in China. This paper expounds the method of transforming the existing reference coordinate system into the geocentric coordinate system, summarizes and sorts out the common quality problems in the process of different data and different methods, and analyses the causes of the problems and the impact on the transforming results. Based on the above work, The paper provides reference and suggestions for the transforming work, which is aimed to improve the transformation quality in the future.</p>

On the evolution of acceleration discontinuities in van der Waals dusty magnetogasdynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobhit Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Rahul Kumar Chaturvedi ◽  
Lal Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Transport Equation ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Quasilinear System ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Reference Coordinate System ◽  
Cylindrically Symmetric ◽  
Propagating Waves ◽  
Fundamental Equations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The article presents the study of the evolutionary behavior of plane and cylindrically symmetric acceleration discontinuities along the characteristic path under the effect of dust particles in a non-ideal magnetogasdynamic flow. Implications regarding the propagation of disturbances in planar and cylindrically symmetric flows have been shown. Using the characteristics of the governing quasilinear system as a reference coordinate system, we transform the fundamental equations and find the solution. It is explored how the dust particles, along with the nonideal parameter, will influence the steepening or flattening of the propagating waves in magnetic and nonmagnetic cases. The transport equation leading to the evolution of acceleration discontinuities is determined, which provides the relation for the occurrence of shock. The impact of non-idealness of the gas and dust on the evolutionary process of propagating waves for the magnetic and nonmagnetic cases are discussed. The comparison between the flow patterns and distortion of the propagating waves for planar and cylindrically symmetric flows is demonstrated under the various parameter effects.

2.2. Working Group 2: Conceptual Definitions of Reference Coordinate Systems for Earth Dynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Working Group ◽  
General Character ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Reference Coordinate System ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Earth Dynamics

An ideal definition of a reference coordinate system should meet the following general requirements:1. It should be as conceptually simple as possible, so its philosophy is well understood by the users.2. It should imply as few physical assumptions as possible. Wherever they are necessary, such assumptions should be of a very general character and, in particular, they should not be dependent upon astronomical and geophysical detailed theories.3. It should suggest a materialization that is dynamically stable and is accessible to observations with the required accuracy.

scholarly journals Seaweed aquaculture: a preliminary assessment of biosecurity measures for controlling the ice-ice syndrome and pest outbreaks of a Kappaphycus farm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicilia S. B. Kambey ◽  
Iona Campbell ◽  
Elizabeth J. Cottier-Cook ◽  
Adibi R. M. Nor ◽  
Azhar Kassim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Seaweed Aquaculture ◽  
Critical Control Point ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Pest Outbreaks ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe application of biosecurity in seaweed aquaculture plays an important role in reducing the impact of disease and pest outbreaks. The continuous occurrence of seaweed pests including the macroalgal epiphytes, epi-endophytic filamentous algae and biofilms on Kappaphycus farms may also potentially induce further incidences of the ice-ice syndrome. In this study, on-farm biosecurity management measures were tested on the commercially grown seaweeds Kappaphycus malesianus and Kappaphycus alvarezii during peak ice-ice season at Gallam-Gallam Village, Sabah, Malaysia. The investigation was focused on preventative control measures including the early detection of the ice-ice syndrome and pests through propagule health checks, regular cleaning of the crop thallus and associated long-line ropes and monitoring of the environment. Farm procedures and practices were also assessed in terms of their biosecurity ‘risk’ using the hazard analysis and critical control point (HCCAP) approach. Observations were replicated in two different farm management systems; one system adopted routine biosecurity measures and the other had no biosecurity measures. The results showed that the ice-ice syndrome and pest outbreak was significantly decreased by 60–75% for K. malesianus and 29–71% for K. alvarezii at the farm which adopted the routine biosecurity measures compared with the no biosecurity treatment. The biosecurity measures also significantly improved growth rate and seaweed quality. The infection levels of the epi-endophyte Melanothamnus sp. contributed to the ice-ice syndrome in K. malesianus, whilst the epiphyte coverage was correlated to the ice-ice incidence in K. alvarezii. This study provides the first evidence of biosecurity management measures significantly decreasing the incidence of the ice-ice syndrome and pests on a commercial seaweed farm.

scholarly journals Impact of Scene Content on High Resolution Video Quality

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2872
Author(s):  
Miroslav Uhrina ◽  
Anna Holesova ◽  
Juraj Bienik ◽  
Lukas Sevcik
Keyword(s):  
Video Compression ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Opinion Score ◽  
Scene Description ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with the impact of content on the perceived video quality evaluated using the subjective Absolute Category Rating (ACR) method. The assessment was conducted on eight types of video sequences with diverse content obtained from the SJTU dataset. The sequences were encoded at 5 different constant bitrates in two widely video compression standards H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC at Full HD and Ultra HD resolutions, which means 160 annotated video sequences were created. The length of Group of Pictures (GOP) was set to half the framerate value, as is typical for video intended for transmission over a noisy communication channel. The evaluation was performed in two laboratories: one situated at the University of Zilina, and the second at the VSB—Technical University in Ostrava. The results acquired in both laboratories reached/showed a high correlation. Notwithstanding the fact that the sequences with low Spatial Information (SI) and Temporal Information (TI) values reached better Mean Opinion Score (MOS) score than the sequences with higher SI and TI values, these two parameters are not sufficient for scene description, and this domain should be the subject of further research. The evaluation results led us to the conclusion that it is unnecessary to use the H.265/HEVC codec for compression of Full HD sequences and the compression efficiency of the H.265 codec by the Ultra HD resolution reaches the compression efficiency of both codecs by the Full HD resolution. This paper also includes the recommendations for minimum bitrate thresholds at which the video sequences at both resolutions retain good and fair subjectively perceived quality.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Packet Forwarding Scheme Based on Fuzzy Decision-Making in Underwater Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4368
Author(s):  
Jitander Kumar Pabani ◽  
Miguel-Ángel Luque-Nieto ◽  
Waheeduddin Hyder ◽  
Pablo Otero
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Packet Forwarding ◽  
Node Number ◽  
The Impact

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are subjected to a multitude of real-life challenges. Maintaining adequate power consumption is one of the critical ones, for obvious reasons. This includes proper energy consumption due to nodes close to and far from the sink node (gateway), which affect the overall energy efficiency of the system. These wireless sensors gather and route the data to the onshore base station through the gateway at the sea surface. However, finding an optimum and efficient path from the source node to the gateway is a challenging task. The common reasons for the loss of energy in existing routing protocols for underwater are (1) a node shut down due to battery drainage, (2) packet loss or packet collision which causes re-transmission and hence affects the performance of the system, and (3) inappropriate selection of sensor node for forwarding data. To address these issues, an energy efficient packet forwarding scheme using fuzzy logic is proposed in this work. The proposed protocol uses three metrics: number of hops to reach the gateway node, number of neighbors (in the transmission range of a node) and the distance (or its equivalent received signal strength indicator, RSSI) in a 3D UWSN architecture. In addition, the performance of the system is also tested with adaptive and non-adaptive transmission ranges and scalable number of nodes to see the impact on energy consumption and number of hops. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol performs better than other existing techniques or in terms of parameters used in this scheme.

Accounting Institute: on the Genesis and Impact of Management Revolutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. s243-s261
Author(s):  
Nataliia Semenyshena ◽  
Nadiya Khorunzhak ◽  
Inna Lazaryshyna ◽  
Oleksandr Yurchenko ◽  
Yuliia Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Empirical Generalization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Logical Dependence ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to establish the presence of a causal relationship between the historical development of the accounting system (its modification) with management revolutions, identification of new characteristic features and accounting functions arising from changes in management approaches and requirements for accounting information for management purposes. Achieving the goal of the study involves identifying opportunities for further improving the accounting system based on the experience of its genesis under the influence of managerial revolutions. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of cognition. The use of the historical method allowed to establish the logical dependence of the evolution of accounting on the requirements of the management system. Analytical and systematic methods were used to identify and form descriptions of the relationship of the accounting system in budgetary institutions with the processes of management system transformation and management revolutions. The impact of managerial revolutions on the accounting system in Ukraine and their consequences are established on the basis of an empirical generalization of historical archival and literary descriptions, as well as a critical analysis of the regulatory regulation of accounting, its norms and practices. The existence of a direct influence of managerial revolutions on the content, requirements, principles and methods of accounting is justified. The above result is based on the results of the analysis of the historical content of accounting, its evidence (accounting documents), as well as the assessment of the functions of the persons who carried out the accounting. The study of works on the history of accounting made it possible to assess the genesis of the introduction of the institutional approach and accounting as the basis for its transformational changes aimed at strengthening compliance with management needs. The study showed that accounting is changing under the influence of transformations in management, changes in its requests, determined by the existing needs of management. 

scholarly journals Water Accounting Plus (WA+) – a water accounting procedure for complex river basins based on satellite measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2459-2472 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Karimi ◽  
W. G. M. Bastiaanssen ◽  
D. Molden
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Water Depletion ◽  
Water Accounting ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Coping with water scarcity and growing competition for water among different sectors requires proper water management strategies and decision processes. A pre-requisite is a clear understanding of the basin hydrological processes, manageable and unmanageable water flows, the interaction with land use and opportunities to mitigate the negative effects and increase the benefits of water depletion on society. Currently, water professionals do not have a common framework that links depletion to user groups of water and their benefits. The absence of a standard hydrological and water management summary is causing confusion and wrong decisions. The non-availability of water flow data is one of the underpinning reasons for not having operational water accounting systems for river basins in place. In this paper, we introduce Water Accounting Plus (WA+), which is a new framework designed to provide explicit spatial information on water depletion and net withdrawal processes in complex river basins. The influence of land use and landscape evapotranspiration on the water cycle is described explicitly by defining land use groups with common characteristics. WA+ presents four sheets including (i) a resource base sheet, (ii) an evapotranspiration sheet, (iii) a productivity sheet, and (iv) a withdrawal sheet. Every sheet encompasses a set of indicators that summarise the overall water resources situation. The impact of external (e.g., climate change) and internal influences (e.g., infrastructure building) can be estimated by studying the changes in these WA+ indicators. Satellite measurements can be used to acquire a vast amount of required data but is not a precondition for implementing WA+ framework. Data from hydrological models and water allocation models can also be used as inputs to WA+.

The Effect of Hospital Resource Unavailability and Ambulance Diversions on the EMS System

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith W. Neely ◽  
Robert L. Norton ◽  
Gary P. Young
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Hospital Resource ◽  
Multilinear Regression ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Intended Destination

AbstractHypotheses:1) There is no increase in transport or scene time of diverted patients and no increase in distances traveled; 2) hospital resource shortages bear no relationship to the number of patients diverted; and 3) paramedics are able to match their patient correctly with the resources available at a given hospital.Methods:This was a five-month, prospective, observational study in an urban area with a population of 600,000 comparing all 9-1-1 ambulance diversions against a randomly selected sample of 5% of all other 9-1-1 originated patients. All patient diversions that originated from the 9-1-1 center are included in the study.Results:Hospitals identify their diversion status on a community-wide computer system monitored at the 9-1-1 center and base station. Accepted categories include: 1) diversion of all patients through the 9-1-1 center from the emergency department (ED); 2) trauma system patients (T); 3) psychiatric secure beds (PSB); 4) general acute ward beds (AW); 5) critical care (CC); 6) computed tomography scan (CT); 7) labor and delivery (LD); and 8) pediatric beds (PEDS). Data were abstracted from 481 patients' records. A total of 111 were diverted from their intended destination. Transport times were longer and diverted patients traveled further (p <.002). Hospitals showing ED and LD diversion categories were more likely to have patients diverted away (r2 = .895, multilinear regression, p <.001). Of the 111 patients, 21 (19%) were diverted because of CC unavailability. Six of these (28%) were inappropriate because they did not fit the CC definition.Conclusions:In this system, hospital diversions increase transport times and distances traveled. Diversion of patients correlated strongly to unavailability of specific categories. Paramedics make errors in determining appropriate CC diversions. Systems reviewing their diversion problems need to assess the impact of longer out-of-hospital times and of certain diversion categories, and to clarify definitions.

The Research and Implementation of Coordinates Transformation Algorithm on Three-Dimensional City Map

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 2400-2403
Author(s):  
Hua Ying Liu ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Fang Zhou Zhang ◽  
Miao Gong ◽  
Xu Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Affine Transformation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Transformation Algorithm ◽  
Transformation Methods ◽  
Coordinates Transformation

There are several transformation methods between different coordinate system. This article adopts affine transformation and least square principle, deduces from conversion between geographic coordinates system and the pixel coordinate system theoretically, and conducts a better control aiming at the error. Finally, an example was demonstrated in this article to prove the rationality and practical value of this algorithm.

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