scholarly journals CULTURE-LED URBAN DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE IN A WORLD HERITAGE CITY: THE CASE STUDY OF THE OLD CITY OF DAMASCUS IN SYRIA

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 573-580
Author(s):  
R. Aboukhater
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Old City ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Observation Results

Abstract. This paper deals with the process of transformation of a cultural quarter developed at al-Amin district inside the Old City of Damascus. In 2006, approximately 25–30 artists, moved to this historical neighbourhood and settled in its traditional houses, changing their function into studios/ateliers. One year later, the district was called “The Artists’ Quarter” with the acknowledgment of local and international institutions. The presence of artists’ studios and many cultural events in the area has contributed to the discovery of the rich architectural and cultural heritage of the neighbourhood and the development of a new sphere of public encounters. This quarter became a destination for tourists as well as for locals. Unfortunately, during the war in Syria, started in 2011, different negative changes have happened at al-Amin district. The study aims to (1) Highlight the origin and development of the quarter from the point of view of the artists and the dwellers; (2) Study the spatial and socio-economic effects caused by the “Artists’ Quarter”; (3) Evaluate the changes in the traditional houses due to change of their function; (4) Investigate the actual situation due to the war. Information was collected mainly from interviews with several artists, with hotels' managers and shopkeepers in the quarter, in addition to literature review, consultation of maps and plans and on-site observation. Results of the study will help in understanding this model of urban development and try to set up recommendations for integrated development and heritage management of this neighbourhood.

Socio-economic effects of agricultural land conversion for urban development: Case study of Hanoi, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Ha Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Van Tuan Tran ◽  
Quang Thanh Bui ◽  
Quang Huy Man ◽  
Timo de Vries Walter
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Land Conversion

scholarly journals Elucidating the Importance of Numeracy Skills for Undergraduate Students in Life Sciences Using the Oxygen Requirement in Yeast as an Example

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayendran Raghavendran ◽  
Karel Olavarria ◽  
Andreas Karoly Gombert
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Numeracy Skills ◽  
Set Up

Current education in biology is devoid of mathematics in many countries, probably because many relevant biological processes are explained from a qualitative point of view rather than addressing the quantitative aspects of these phenomena. Here, we employ a case study from the yeast physiology to illustrate the importance of numeracy skills for a deeper understanding of relevant biological problems. Yeast anaerobic growth on sugars is a widespread process as it is the basis for beer, bread, and winemaking and it is much akin to lactic acid fermentation in muscle cells in response to an increased energy demand. To study the physiology of yeasts under controlled conditions and being able to compare the results quantitatively, one ought to perform measurements and calculations involving concentrations of oxygen, biomass, and organic compounds. To set-up an “anaerobic” culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a defined medium, one needs to calculate how much oxygen must enter the cultivation system, to meet the requirements for ergosterol and oleic acid biosyntheses, both of which require oxygen. Using basic physicochemical principles and simple mathematical skills, students will be able to compute the oxygen requirement for yeast growth under such “anaerobic” conditions.

scholarly journals Estimation of consumers demand functions of cut-flowers products: A case study of Pakistani, Punjab

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
High Preference ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Set Up

The objective of this study was to estimate purchase frequency of the selected cut-flower items and demand functions in Punjab and Pakistan. Simple random sampling technique was employed to collect primary data from 120 consumers using a well-structured and field pretested questionnaire during the year 2012-13. The results of the findings revealed that the average price was the highest in case of flowers stage decoration (Rs. 9546), followed by jewelry set (Rs. 677), flower basket (Rs. 394), mala (Rs. 334,), bouquets (Rs. 259), garland (Rs. 41), and gajjra (Rs. 21). Most of the selected consumers (61%) occasionally purchased flowers. The reason of occasionally purchasing was that mostly the consumers purchased the flowers at the occasions of various ceremonial days, i.e., Valentines Day, birth of baby, and death of a relative, etc. About 45% of the selected consumers preferred rose flower. The reasons of high preference for rose flowers were that this is a common flower, mostly grown in all areas of Pakistan and everyone is familiar to it. After rose the jasmine flower (27%) is preferred due to its attractive smell and fragrance, it is also a common flower and mostly grown in Pakistan. It is the national flower of Pakistan. The results of the demand function revealed that the variable of age was significant for the selected cut-flower items, but the variable of education of the consumers was insignificant in case of flowers car decoration. The consumers are restrained to decide about the rational price of the item purchased. There is a limited number of cut-flower shops. Majority of the shops are located in the rich areas of the cities. Common consumers are to travel long distances to purchase flower items. More retail flower shops should be set up by the local bodies in all parts of the cities. The market committees should standardize prices for cut-flower items for the benefit of consumers. Policy need to be designed to increase the demand of flowers by electronic and press media.

scholarly journals Ecological Family Agriculture Held In Remígio, PB, Brazil:

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
Janice Rodrigues Placeres Borges ◽  
Alexandra Leite Faria
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reflexive Practice ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Set Up

This article describes, identify and analyze the social and technological, innovation and the production of knowledge among the family farmers syndicated in the municipality of Remígio, Paraíba’s State, located in the Brazilian semi-arid and belonging to the so-called Polo da Borborema - a network of labour unions and rural workers. The said Polo has been practising innovation in ecological-based agriculture and with an emphasis on existing social relations, knowledge and local expertise. Thus, the case study and the qualitative approach were chosen. The collection of the data was carried out through a half-structured interview with farmers. The main results indicate that ecological agriculture practiced in the municipality of Remígio is an advanced process of local and private development. The local and particular aspect refers to the important feature that is the aspect of providing innovation from the experimentation and the necessity of each farmer, respecting their particularity and knowing. This process of producing knowledge and innovations is mainly based on the reflexive practice and the contextualization of knowledge through daily and informal processes of innovation. As important innovations that arise through these processes, there were several techniques and actions deployed, such as seed bank, solidarity rotary funds, among others, that take on innovative role, awareness and the growing change in Thought of the farmers. Some of these innovations are set up as "novelties", since they are based on external models. It is concluded by reaffirming the rich process of innovations and knowledge produced by these ecological farmers in communion with their old acquaintances allied to those brought by the Polo da Borborema, reaffirming and valuing the identities of these farmers

scholarly journals Estimating Supply Response Function for Wheat: A Case Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
M.S. EI-Habbab ◽  
K.H. Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Response Function ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Partial Adjustment ◽  
Supply Response ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Yield Risk ◽  
One Year

To increase wheat production, governments can subsidize wheat farmers by purchasing their produce at a price higher than the world price. This policy did not succeed in increasing wheat production in the Irbid Governorate of Jordan, our case study area. The agricultural sector in the study area was characterized by risk in production and prices. In our study, the supply response function based on the Nerlovian Model was estimated for wheat produced in Irbid Governorate. Wheat area, in the model, was the dependent variable in the supply response function. The independent variables were: wheat planted area in Dunums in the current and previous year respectively, the weighted price of wheat in the previous year deflated by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the holding fragmentation coefficient in the previous year, the yield risk, and the amount of rain in millimeters during the early months of the season (October, November, and December). The study reached the following conclusions: Firstly, holdings fragmentation was the major factor that negatively affects wheat production. Since the heritage system is the main factor that affects holding fragmentation, the policy makers need to find a way that can decrease this effect. Secondly, lagged weighted prices were found more suitable than the current weighted prices from an economic and statical point of view. Thirdly, the partial adjustment coefficient was low (i.e. less than one), which means that the farmers need more than one year to change their producing habits. Finally, the farmers were found to be risk-neutral, because their decisions depend mainly on the level and distribution of rainfall during the rainy season.  

scholarly journals Editorial vs Political Commentary: Establishment of the Genres in Siberian Regional Press (a Case Study of Minusinsk Newspaper Texts in the Period of 1906-1917)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-299
Author(s):  
Julia Kostyakova
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Political Commentary ◽  
Current State ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Newspaper Text ◽  
Set Up

The article deals with editorial and political commentary as journalistic genres, reveals their typological features, similarities and differences. The author gives reasons for saving these genres and considering them as those belonging to the group of analytical genres, since their basis is the logical analysis of real events, phenomena or facts. The author studies the historical transformation of editorial and political commentary in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods, and determines the causes of the changes. The author infers that currently, editorial is best developing in the context of columnism, whereas political commentary is most successful in the Internet. This foregrounds the study of both current state and historical conditions for the development of these genres, especially in Siberian regional press at the establishment stage in the early XX century. The analysis of papers issued consecutively from 1906 to 1917 in Minusinsk, the central town of Yenisei province, shows the main trends in the change of the content of these types of newspaper text. An editorial containing comments on political issues was an indicator of particular quality of the newspaper, since the readers were provided with the editors or leading journalists reasoned point of view on the events and phenomena of those days. The choice of the topic and the content of the coverage were determines by the censorship and historical conditions, availability of information sources and the writers experience. Despite similarities in the topic and content, editorial and political commentary had different headlines and references to the author. Moreover, in the Bolshevists press, which became legalized in the time of the February Revolution, editorial was used as a means of agitation, and thus set up the tradition for the Soviet press.

scholarly journals The First Women Bank-Why and for Whom?

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (4II) ◽  
pp. 745-753
Author(s):  
Faiz Bilquees
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Bank Staff ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Women In India

The First Women Bank which commenced operations in December 1989, has over a period of one year, set up 10 branches in the big cities of the country. The name of the bank suggested that it would function on the same lines as the Grameen Bank of Bangladesh. It was widely believed that the Bank was meant to assist the very poor women in their economic uplift. However, with the exception of two branches (one in Gurumander, Karachi and the second in Sukkur), the branches of the bank have been set up in posh localities like Defence, Cantonment, Blue Area and Mall Roads. The expensive location and the expensive set-up of these banks has created the image that these banks are meant to cater for the rich, elite women, rather than the poor deserving women. The very poor earning women in low-income localities are totally unaware of this bank's existence because it has not been advertised to them through audio or video media. However they envied poor women in India who benefited from the credit schemes for women, as shown on Indian television.l This paper attempts to look into the factors behind the establishment of the bank and its working strategy, to clarify, to whatever extent possible, the confusions or contradictions associated with this bank. Section II puts forward the various factors underlying the establishment of a separate bank for women in Pakistan. Section III describes the operational strategy of the bank with special focus on the nature of clientele and credit services of the bank. Section IV puts forward the conclusions and Section V gives some policy recommendations. The paper is based on the published material made available by the bank i.e. the brochure of the bank (the first annual statement of the bank had not been published at the time of writing this paper), informal discussions with the bank staff, and personal observations of the author during the working hours of the bank.

The Revolutionizing of the Revolution

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
French Government ◽  
Thing In Itself ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The French Revolution ◽  
The Revolution

In 1792, the French Revolution became a thing in itself, an uncontrollable force that might eventually spend itself but which no one could direct or guide. The governments set up in Paris in the following years all faced the problem of holding together against forces more revolutionary than themselves. This chapter distinguishes two such forces for analytical purposes. There was a popular upheaval, an upsurge from below, sans-culottisme, which occurred only in France. Second, there was the “international” revolutionary agitation, which was not international in any strict sense, but only concurrent within the boundaries of various states as then organized. From the French point of view these were the “foreign” revolutionaries or sympathizers. The most radical of the “foreign” revolutionaries were seldom more than advanced political democrats. Repeatedly, however, from 1792 to 1799, these two forces tended to converge into one force in opposition to the French government of the moment.

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