Editorial vs Political Commentary: Establishment of the Genres in Siberian Regional Press (a Case Study of Minusinsk Newspaper Texts in the Period of 1906-1917)
The article deals with editorial and political commentary as journalistic genres, reveals their typological features, similarities and differences. The author gives reasons for saving these genres and considering them as those belonging to the group of analytical genres, since their basis is the logical analysis of real events, phenomena or facts. The author studies the historical transformation of editorial and political commentary in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods, and determines the causes of the changes. The author infers that currently, editorial is best developing in the context of columnism, whereas political commentary is most successful in the Internet. This foregrounds the study of both current state and historical conditions for the development of these genres, especially in Siberian regional press at the establishment stage in the early XX century. The analysis of papers issued consecutively from 1906 to 1917 in Minusinsk, the central town of Yenisei province, shows the main trends in the change of the content of these types of newspaper text. An editorial containing comments on political issues was an indicator of particular quality of the newspaper, since the readers were provided with the editors or leading journalists reasoned point of view on the events and phenomena of those days. The choice of the topic and the content of the coverage were determines by the censorship and historical conditions, availability of information sources and the writers experience. Despite similarities in the topic and content, editorial and political commentary had different headlines and references to the author. Moreover, in the Bolshevists press, which became legalized in the time of the February Revolution, editorial was used as a means of agitation, and thus set up the tradition for the Soviet press.