scholarly journals A study on fire spreading model for the safety distance between the neighborhood occupancies and historical buildings in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W7 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
C.H Chen ◽  
S.W Chien ◽  
M.C Ho
Keyword(s):  
Fire Spread ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Safety Distance ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Fire Spreading ◽  
Fire Outbreak

Cultural heritages and historical buildings are vulnerable against severe threats from fire. Since the 1970s, ten fire-spread events involving historic buildings have occurred in Taiwan, affecting a total of 132 nearby buildings. Developed under the influence of traditional Taiwanese culture, historic buildings in Taiwan are often built using non-fire resistant brick-wood structure and located in proximity to residential occupancies. Fire outbreak in these types of neighborhood will lead to severe damage of antiquities, leaving only unrecoverable historical imagery. This study is aimed to investigate the minimal safety distance required between a historical building and its surroundings in order to reduce the risk of external fire. This study is based on literature analysis and the fire spread model using a Fire Dynamics Simulator. The selected target is Jingmei Temple in Taipei City. This study explored local geography to identify patterns behind historical buildings distribution. In the past, risk reduction engineering for cultural heritages and historical buildings focused mainly on fire equipment and the available personnel with emergency response ability, and little attention was given to external fire risks and the affected damage. Through discussions on the required safety distance, this research provides guidelines for the following items: management of neighborhoods with historical buildings and consultation between the protection of cultural heritages and disaster prevention, reducing the frequency and extent of fire damages, and preserving cultural resource.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF DESIGN PARAMETERS FACADE FIRE-FIGHTING EAVES FOR PREVENT THE SPREAD OF FIRES ON FACADE STRUCTURES OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

Fire Safety ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Ya. Ballo ◽  
R. Yakovchuk ◽  
V. Nizhnyk ◽  
O. Sizikov ◽  
A. Kuzyk
Keyword(s):  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Numerical Algorithms ◽  
Equation System ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Fire Spreading

Purpose. The research based on FDS modeling aims to identify design parameters influence of the façade firefighting eaves at fire compartment border on the prevention of fire spreading in high-rise buildings.Methods. To calculate the temperature in high-rise building model Pyrosim computer system is used which serves as the user's shell application Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). This FDS system uses numerical algorithms to solve the complete Navier-Stokes differential equation system to determine the temperature and other hazardous factors during a fire.Results. This article deals with the results of using the FDS modeling to substantiate fire-fighting eaves design parameters, which are extended beyond the facade and are located at fire compartment border along the perimeter of high-rise buildings with a conventional height of more than 73.5 m. A comparative analysis of eaves' design parameters and their effect on the temperature distribution along the building facade during a possible fire was conducted. Comparative dependences of tempera-ture distribution on building facades were constructed, as well as their heating areas were determined.Scientific novelty. According to national and foreign regulations requirement analytical research and information sources on the of high-rise buildings design, fire safety requirements to the high-rise public buildings facades with a conventional height of more than 73.5 m were scientifically substantiated in terms of the requirements formation for limiting the fire spreading, smoke and building facades exterior constructions heating.Practical value. Obtained data was analyzed as a result of FDS modeling under the same reference conditions to provide a conclusion on facade fire-fighting eaves design parameters effectiveness at fire compartment border and further improvement ways of their construction and fire spread prevention in high-rise buildings.

scholarly journals Attachment and Associational Dimensions in the Architecture of Historical Building Conversion in Thailand Between 1997 and 2012

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Peeraya Boonprasong
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Initial Survey

The research on The Initial Survey of Evolution of Adaptive Reuse of Historic Buildings in Thailand is aimed at constructing knowledge for the module named Reuse and Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings. This module is part of the curriculum of Bachelor of Architecture, which studies the role of architecture fabricated within historical buildings. In the era between 1997 and 2012 in Thailand, there was a notable transformation from conservation to contemporary conversion. A review of conservation perspectives indicates a combined multi-disciplinary cooperation between architectural design and conservation. To establish issues regarding the knowledge of conversion, a research question is raised: how do architectural elements play its role through changing of use? Aimed at understanding the complexity among conversion ideologies, issues surrounding architectural elements of historical buildings are rationally explored. Based on significant conversion projects from 1996 to 2012, architectural elements were referenced as to how concepts and objectives were associated.  Qualitative research was conducted through a study of primary sources; survey and classification of representative samples, and secondary documents, records and architectural drawings. The controlling significance of the buildings led to a discussion and an analysis of the architectural designs through new additions and amendments made on the historical fabric. Included in this discussion are the principles of conversion as they relate to the architecture of historic buildings and the ideology of the modification. It is found that understanding a change to architectural elements through an ontological perspective, that of attachment and associational approaches, could clearly reveal the construction programme that felicitates the historical building for which conservation or adaptation is determined. A dialogue on relevant contexts surrounding amendments of architectural elements demonstrated that a strong emphasis towards particular objectives of use could coincidentally harm the historical building’s architectural dimension framework. This leads to the notion that architecture for adaptive reuse should include knowledge of the original construction, a balance among conditions of the existing building, its programming and further habitation. 

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF FUZHOU HISTORICAL BUILDING MANAGEMENT PLATFORM BASED ON DATA WAREHOUSE TECHNOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
W. B. Li ◽  
G. L. Li ◽  
Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Management Indicators ◽  
Building Management

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In order to solve the problem of "data island" in the management of Fuzhou historical buildings. This paper analyzes historical building management needs and historical building management indicators. Then the data warehouse model of historic buildings is constructed by using dimension modeling method, and a set of data warehouse of Fuzhou historic buildings is designed and established. Finally, a historical building management platform was built on the basis of the historical building data warehouse, which realized the entry, standardization, extraction and cleaning of historical building management data. It provides data support for data mining of historic buildings in order to realize the protection, activation, utilization and standardized management of Fuzhou historic buildings.</p>

scholarly journals RENOVATION OF ROOF STRUCTURE OF HISTORICAL BUILDING – CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Marcela Spišáková ◽  
Daria Mokrenko
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Cost Parameters

On the present, the problem of renovation of historical buildings is becoming more and more actual. The role of society is to protect and renovate the historical monuments. The presented article focuses on the problem of renovation of historic buildings from a structural, technological and cost point of view. During the solution of the case study "Renovation of roof structure of the Old Town Hall in Košice", a variant solution of the historic roof renovation was designed in accordance with the principles of historical buildings renovation. Subsequently, the evaluation of the technological and cost parameters for renovation; and determination of the optimal variant for renovation of the historical roof was processed through the methods of multicriterial analysis.

scholarly journals Considerations on the Protection of Historic Buildings in Wuhan：Starting from Tanhualin Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 03077
Author(s):  
Yulu Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Historical Architecture

This paper takes the historical and cultural area of Tanhualin in Wuchang District as an example, from the historical construction present situation, the value of historical architecture, discusses three aspects of the historical building protection measures, and finally draws the conclusion: historical building protection needs to emphasize on protection, do repair old as before, to protect the culture at the same time also should pay attention to regain its vitality, achieve sustainable development, and carefully reconsider historical buildings in the present age, the function of space positioning.

Using a statistical model of past wildfire spread to quantify and map the likelihood of fire reaching assets and prioritise fuel treatments

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen F. Price ◽  
Michael Bedward
Keyword(s):  
Fire Spread ◽  
R Package ◽  
Wildland Urban Interface ◽  
Ignition Probability ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Asset Location ◽  
Wildfire Spread ◽  
Fire Spreading

We present a method to quantify and map the probability of fires reaching the vicinity of assets in a wildfire-prone region, by extending a statistical fire spread model developed on historical fire patterns in the Sydney region, Australia. It calculates the mean probability of fire spreading along sample lines around assets, weights the probability according to ignition probability and also estimates the change in spread probability that fuel reduction in treatment blocks would achieve. We have developed an R package WildfireRisk to implement the analysis and demonstrate it with two case studies in forested eastern Australia. The probability of a fire reaching the vicinity of an asset was highest in the heavily forested parts of each case study, but when weighted for ignition probability, the high probability shifted to the wildland–urban interface. Further, when weighted by asset location, high-priority areas for treatment were in blocks next to the wildland–urban interface. This method is objective, fast and based on the behaviour of real historical fires. We recommend its use in wildfire risk planning, as an adjunct to heuristic methods and simulations. Additional functionality can be incorporated into our method, for instance via a function for building impact.

scholarly journals HEAT RELEASE RATE AS A PARAMETER FOR FIRE SPREAD – A CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Darko N. Zigar ◽  
Dusica J. Pesic ◽  
Milan Đ. Blagojevic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Fire Spreading

Indoor fires very often may cause great material damage and endanger human lives. The heat produced by fire affects the heating and ignition of surrounding flammable materials, as well as the heating of the building structure, causing its damage. It is well known that fire spread mostly depends on flammability and quantity of surrounding material, but small differences in the amount of fuel can significantly affect the speed of fire spread, and consequently, rate of heat released by fire. In this paper, the influence of the heat release rate on fire spreading is shown. The Large Eddy Simulation method of Fire Dynamics Simulator software package has been used to investigate the prediction of fire dynamics in a compartment. Numerical results show that the fire dynamics in the compartment is largely dependent on the quantity of fire load mass and the heat release rate during the fire.

scholarly journals Role of colors in historical buildings preservation

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article studies the role of color in historic buildings and to what extent it can be altered during the preservation process according to its properties and to society perception. Data from survey upon specific historical buildings conducted by the team is analyzed and compared with results from external researches. Aspects of historical building color are specified and conclusions are made. Practical recommendations are defined.

Research on the Protection of Historic Building Features in the Reconstruction of the Old City

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3592-3595
Author(s):  
Yao Peng
Keyword(s):  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Historic City

Along with the depth of the process of urbanization, more and more attention has been paid to the protection of the historic buildings, while the design of the renovation is an important component during the constructing. Many historical buildings were damaged due to improper protection method. So protection methods should have a principle. Principle of "authenticity" is an important protection principle generally recognized in the world. Historical building protection should be based on principles of "authenticity". In the renovation of historic city, people should attach great importance to the protection of architectural features,including architectural style, architectural form, architecture color, architectural language.

Retrofitting of Cracked and Damaged Walls of Historical Buildings with Reinforced Concrete Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Jing Song Liao
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Local History ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Concrete Materials ◽  
Building Walls

The historical building which can reflect the local history and culture of a city is the wealth of all mankind, but after the baptism of time, the historical building has been damaged by nature or man. In order to preserve the historical buildings and the culture contained therein, the damaged historical buildings need to be reinforced and restored. In this study, ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate and analyze the reinforcement and repair effects of four kinds of damage states (mild damage, moderate damage, severe damage, and nearly collapse) of historical building walls caused by reinforced mesh cement. The results showed that in the case of mild damage, moderate damage and severe damage, the ultimate load displacement of the wall was raised in different degrees (the ultimate load and displacement were 200 kN and 4 mm respectively in case of mild damage and were 400 kN and 8 mm respectively after reinforcement; the ultimate load and displacement were 210 kN and 4 mm respectively in case of moderate damage and were 400 kN and 6 mm respectively after reinforcement; the ultimate load and displacement were 150 kN and 4 mm respectively in case of severe damage and were 375 kN and 7 mm respectively after reinforcement) and restored or even exceeded the performance of the wall without damage by using the reinforced mesh cement layer. In the nearly collapse wall, the ultimate load and displacement of the wall could be improved, but the performance of the wall could not be recovered as it was before being damaged (40 kN and 3 mm before reinforcement, and 165 kN and 6 mm after reinforcement). Reinforced reticulated concrete can be used to reinforce and repair historic buildings with mild, moderate and severe wall cracking, but it is not suitable for the reinforcement and restoration of cracked historical buildings which are nearly collapsing.

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