scholarly journals Field test of an active flap system on a full-scale wind turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gomez Gonzalez ◽  
Peder B. Enevoldsen ◽  
Athanasios Barlas ◽  
Helge A. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Static Load ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Control Authority ◽  
Aeroelastic Simulations ◽  
Active Flap ◽  
Validation Tests ◽  
Load Impact

Abstract. This article describes a series of validation tests of an active flap system (AFS) on a multi-megawatt wind turbine. A single blade of a 4 MW turbine with 130 m rotor diameter (SWT-4.0-130) is retrofitted in the outer 15–20 m with the AFS. The AFS is controlled remotely with a pneumatic pressure supply system located in the hub of the turbine. The measurements were performed between October 2017 and June 2019 using two different AFS configurations on the blade. A description of the system setup is given, as well as comparisons of measurements and aeroelastic simulations. The measurements quantify the static load control authority of the AFS in atmospheric conditions, providing a preliminary estimate of load impact potential for the concept. This article presents, furthermore, a new method for the characterization of the load impact of such a system and its dynamic response under atmospheric conditions based on a blade-to-blade load comparison.

scholarly journals Field test of an active flap system on a full scale wind turbine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gomez Gonzalez ◽  
Peder B. Enevoldsen ◽  
Athanasios Barlas ◽  
Helge A. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Static Load ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Control Authority ◽  
Aeroelastic Simulations ◽  
Active Flap ◽  
Validation Tests ◽  
Load Impact

Abstract. This article describes a series of validation tests of an active flap system (AFS) on a multi-MW wind turbine. A single blade of a 4 MW turbine with 130 m rotor diameter (SWT-4.0-130) is retrofitted in the outer 15–20 m with the AFS. The AFS is controlled remotely with a pneumatic pressure supply system located in the hub of the turbine. The measurements are performed between October 2017 and June 2019 using two different AFS configurations on the blade. A description of the system setup is given, as well as comparisons of measurements and aeroelastic simulations. The measurements quantify the static load control authority of the AFS in atmospheric conditions, providing a preliminary estimate of load impact potential for the concept. The article presents furthermore a new method for the characterization of the load impact of the system and its dynamic response based on a blade-to-blade load comparison.

Characterization of turbulent wake of wind turbine by coherent Doppler lidar

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songhua Wu ◽  
Jiaping Yin ◽  
Bingyi Liu ◽  
Jintao Liu ◽  
Rongzhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbulent Wake ◽  
Doppler Lidar ◽  
Coherent Doppler Lidar

Aerodynamic Noise Characterization of a Full-Scale Wind Turbine through High-Frequency Surface Pressure Measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 729-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Bertagnolio ◽  
Helge Aa. Madsen ◽  
Christian Bak ◽  
Niels Troldborg ◽  
Andreas Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Aerodynamic Noise ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Noise Characterization

Observations and Analyses of the 9 January 2018 Debris-Flow Disaster, Santa Barbara County, California

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27
Author(s):  
Jeremy T. Lancaster ◽  
Brian J. Swanson ◽  
Stefani G. Lukashov ◽  
Nina S. Oakley ◽  
Jacob B. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Fire Debris ◽  
Santa Barbara County ◽  
Coastal Land

ABSTRACT The post–Thomas Fire debris flows of 9 January 2018 killed 23 people, damaged 558 structures, and caused severe damage to infrastructure in Montecito and Carpinteria, CA. U.S. Highway 101 was closed for 13 days, significantly impacting transportation and commerce in the region. A narrow cold frontal rain band generated extreme rainfall rates within the western burn area, triggering runoff-driven debris flows that inundated 5.6 km2 of coastal land in eastern Santa Barbara County. Collectively, this series of debris flows is comparable in magnitude to the largest documented post-fire debris flows in the state and cost over a billion dollars in debris removal and damages to homes and infrastructure. This study summarizes observations and analyses on the extent and magnitude of inundation areas, debris-flow velocity and volume, and sources of debris-flow material on the south flank of the Santa Ynez Mountains. Additionally, we describe the atmospheric conditions that generated intense rainfall and use precipitation data to compare debris-flow source areas with spatially associated peak 15 minute rainfall amounts. We then couple the physical characterization of the event with a compilation of debris-flow damages to summarize economic impacts.

scholarly journals ASDToolkit: A Novel MATLAB Processing Toolbox for ASD Field Spectroscopy Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Elmer ◽  
Raymond Soffer ◽  
J. Pablo Arroyo-Mora ◽  
Margaret Kalacska
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Data Product ◽  
Field Spectroscopy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Solar Position ◽  
Derived Data

Over the past 30 years, the use of field spectroscopy has risen in importance in remote sensing studies for the characterization of the surface reflectance of materials in situ within a broad range of applications. Potential uses range from measurements of individual targets of interest (e.g. vegetation, soils, validation targets etc.), to characterizing the contributions of different materials within larger spatially-mixed areas as would be representative of the spatial resolution captured by a sensor pixel (UAV to satellite scale). As such, it is essential that a complete and rigorous assessment of both the data-acquisition procedures, and the suitability of the derived data product be carried out. The measured energy from solar-reflected range spectroradiometers is influenced by the viewing and illumination geometries and the illumination conditions which vary due to changes in solar position and atmospheric conditions. By applying corrections, the estimated absolute reflectance (Rabs) of targets can be calculated. This property is independent of illumination intensity or conditions and is the metric commonly suggested to be used to compare spectra even when data are collected by different sensors or acquired under different conditions. By standardizing the process of estimated Rabs, as is provided in the described toolkit, consistency and repeatability in processing are ensured and the otherwise labor intensive and error-prone processing steps are streamlined. The resultant end data product (Rabs) represents our best current effort to generate consistent and comparable ground spectra which have been corrected for viewing and illumination geometries as well as other factors such as the individual characteristics of the reference panel used during acquisition.

scholarly journals Characterization of odours emitted by liquid waste treatment plants (LWTPs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Waste Treatment Plants ◽  
Odour Emissions ◽  
Definition Of

<p>Odour emissions from liquid waste treatment plants (LWTPs) generally cause significant effects on the environment in terms of nuisance to exposed population. The particular and complex nature of the mixture of the volatile substances, its variability in time and the strong influence of the atmospheric conditions, are the elements that delayed their regulation and relative management.</p> <p>Limited data are available in the technical and scientific literature, regarding the odour emissions characterization from liquid waste treatment plants. Moreover there isn’t a common strategy from the different European Countries in the regulation of their emissions.</p> <p>Different methods can be used to measure odour emissions from environmental engineering plants, and currently, in Europe, the most used techniques for odour emissions characterization and quantification is the dynamic olfactometry, according to EN 13725:2003.</p> <p>The aim of this study is the characterization of the odour emissions from different liquid waste treatment plants (LWTPs), trough a case study of two large real LWTPs, in order to identify the principal odour sources and to define their related odour emissions.</p> <p>Odour Concentration Index (OCI) is proposed as a useful and simply odour management tool for the identification of the priority actions necessary to identify and control the main odorous sources. Relationship between the measured odour emissions and the types of treated liquid waste (identified in terms of EWC code, COD and NH4<sup>+</sup>) is also discussed.</p> <p>Results show that the influent collection tank is the source with the highest detected odour emissions. OCI results are useful for the definition of a clear priority action for odour control, similar for both investigated plants. Between the characterized types of liquid waste treated by LWTPs the leachate (EWC 190703) show the maximum odour emissions.</p>

scholarly journals Estudio preliminar de caracterización de la velocidad del viento para instalar un aerogenerador de 400 W

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Gustavo Adolfo Fajardo-Pulido ◽  
Juan Carlos Juan Carlos ◽  
Gerardo Fuster-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Wind Rose ◽  
Scientific Advance ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Permissible Range

The characterization of wind speed in Cancun, Q. Roo Mexico, had as objectives: 1. To estimate the efficiency and energy produced by a 400W wind turbine at a height of 10 m; 2. To carry out the wind speed characterization. The methodology used was the Weibull distribution. In order to calculate the distribution of the wind speed, with the Wind Rose software we analyzed the energy in different directions and the calculation of potential wind energy based on Rayleigh's analysis. The results showed: that the power generated from the wind speed calculated in (PV) 2.8 m/s was 1.48 W, its capacity factor at 0.004 which does not reach the permissible range of 0.25 to 0.40; the energy produced annually was 14.02 kW/year, it is required to raise the wind turbine to 13.4 m, to reach 12 m/s speed and to be efficient to install a 400 W wind turbine. The paper identifies the preliminary activities and illustrates the method of calculation of wind characterization and energy produced to define the installation conditions of the wind turbine. It also contributes to the scientific advance by estimating the characterization of the wind in Cancun Quintana Roo, Mexico, for future wind turbine installations.

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