scholarly journals An International Comparison on the Cultivation of Next-Generation Academics in Education Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1&2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Fei Liu

This paper is comprised of an international comparative study on the cultivation of next-generation academics in education research. The purpose of the comparison was to determine international trends in this field, which will be used to evaluate the status quo in Taiwan. Two periods were used for analyzing the process of cultivation: graduate school and postdoctoral research. The research methods employed include a literature review, stakeholder interviews, and comparative analysis. Because of the emphasis on research universities, the cultivation of next-generation academics has received attention worldwide, but very little has been published on this topic. Although several related policies and strategies have been promoted and implemented in many countries, analyses on academic cultivation lack profound investigation and further discussion, specifically regarding education. Consequently, an empirical study on this field is necessary. Therefore, through a comparative analysis with a focus on Japan, this paper provides a summary of the recent international trends regarding the cultivation of next-generation academics. Moreover, I explore the current issues regarding this topic further by applying Bourdieu’s forms of capital theory.


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Jackson

A new kind of gender equality ideology is rising in popularity in Western societies. While emphasising gender equality for the next generation, this new ideology sees feminism in a pragmatic and simplistic way, as nonthreatening to the status quo, in politics, popular culture, and economy. In the economic sphere, Sheryl Sandberg’s “Lean In” has become well known for aiming to guide women to succeed alongside men in the workplace by changing their behaviours and attitudes. Its recommendations for women have impacted perspectives in the non- rofit and start-up worlds, arts, and more. However, there are some limitations to the kind of feminist thinking exemplified by Lean In. This article critically examines Lean In as a discourse or ideology in relation to higher education within and outside Western societies. I argue first that such ideology employs a deficiency model of gender equality that makes women accountable for sexism by focusing on internal rather than external change. Second, I argue that such discourses essentialize gender. Third, I argue that it is not easy to translate the advice given to women across international contexts, as Lean In reflects cultural conceptions of the workplace.



2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 04076
Author(s):  
Zhinan Gao ◽  
Wanfeng Liu ◽  
Xusheng Li ◽  
Yun Wei

The development and utilization of underground space is an effective way to solve the shortage of urban space capacity. It is also an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of urban underground space. The development and utilization of underground space in small and medium-sized cities in China started relatively late and lacked practical basis. This paper selects three representative small and medium-sized cities in east China to study the status quo, contents and achievements of underground space development and utilization, makes a comparative analysis, and puts forward the overall characteristics of underground space development and utilization in small and medium-sized cities, hoping to provide reference for the development and utilization of underground space in small and medium-sized cities in the future.



2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 1555-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wu Liu ◽  
Yan Hong Xiong ◽  
Yang Ji

The construction of UHV (ultra-high voltage) transmission lines has become an important part of the planning of “smart grid" and “solid grid” in China. This article elaborated in recent years the UHV transmission lines construction status and possible problems, has made a comparative analysis on the angle of environmental carrying capacity, and put forward three effective suggestions, in order to improve the construction efficiency of UHV transmission lines engineering.



Author(s):  
Tracey Nicholls

This article is concerned with problems of injustice that arise from law’s emphasis on the status quo. I contend that a commitment to social justice means that we will (at least sometimes) need to improvise processes and institutions within the broader political community, rather than relying on law to bring about justice. I explore the efficacy and pitfalls of these kinds of improvised justice movements—undertaken within an extra-legal social sphere—with particular attention to the possibilities of truth and reconciliation commissions. In the first part, this exploration takes the form of a comparative analysis of two different national orientations to the question of postcolonial justice. I consider truth and reconciliation commissions more closely in the second part: the sense in which they can coherently be seen as improvised justice, the ways in which they may be inadequate vehicles, or even distortions, of justice, and the possibility that these potential defects can be overcome through behaviours that reveal an ‘ethos of improvisation’. As I think that performativity is a common element of both musical improvisation and truth and reconciliation commissions, I aim to show that this ethos is a common feature of both processes, albeit perhaps with some modifications, and that it addresses concerns about the limitations of extra-legal attempts at justice.



1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Gallagher

Recently there has been increased concern as to whether research conducted as proposed on human beings may interfere with their human rights and values. The decision to conduct research or not is a matter of weighing any possible risk versus the potential gain. We obviously must try to minimize the risk and maximize the gain. If we stop research, we become captives of the status quo and might still assume that mentally retarded children are dangerous or gifted children physically weak- There are pressing social problems that will be acted upon, either with or without the benefit of research—problems such as infantile autism, the alienation of youth, or the maximization of productive thinking. One purpose of research is to strip away our illusions about such issues and replace them with useful facts and ideas, fly doing so we can fulfill our commitment to the next generation.



2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Mattke ◽  
Christian Maier ◽  
Tim Weitzel ◽  
Jason Bennett Thatcher

PurposeQualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) is a promising, powerful method that is increasingly used for IS research. However, the Information Systems (IS) discipline still lacks a shared understanding of how to conduct and report QCA. This paper introduces the fundamental concepts of QCA, summarizes the status quo, and derives recommendations for future research.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive literature review in major IS outlets summarizes how and why QCA has been used in the IS discipline, critically evaluates the status quo, and derives recommendations for future QCA studies.FindingsThe literature review reveals 32 empirical research articles in major IS journals that have used the QCA method. Articles applied QCA to a broad range of research topics at the individual and organizational levels, mainly as a standalone analysis for theory development, elaboration and testing. The authors also provide evidence that most published IS research articles do not take full advantage of the potential QCA, such as analyzing necessary causal conditions or testing the robustness of QCA results. The authors provide seven actionable recommendations for future IS research using QCA.Originality/valueThe literature review assesses the status quo of QCA’s application in the IS discipline and provides specific recommendations on how IS researchers can leverage the full potential of QCA.



2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Urpelainen ◽  
Thijs Van de Graaf

Why do states create overlapping international institutions? This practice presents a puzzle: conventional wisdom suggests that states should use existing institutions to minimize the transaction costs of co-operation. This article proposes a bargaining approach to explain thede novocreation of overlapping international institutions. In this model, a dissatisfied ‘challenger’ state threatens to create a new institution, and a ‘defender’ state can propose to reform the currently focal institution. Overlapping institutions are created when the currently focal institution is (1) captured by interests opposed to the challenger and (2) domestic political pressure to abandon the status quo is intense. Similar to models of deterrence, the expectation that the new institution garners support among third parties is irrelevant for the equilibrium likelihood ofde novocreation. A comparative analysis of international bargaining over energy, whaling and intellectual property rights provides empirical evidence.



2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1343-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Lerum Boasson ◽  
Dave Huitema

This is an introductory paper to a special issue on climate governance entrepreneurship, where entrepreneurship is understood as acts performed by actors seeking to ‘punch above their weight’. By contrast, actors who are merely doing their job are not ‘entrepreneurs’. In order to understand climate policy and governance, we need to learn more about the factors that condition variance in entrepreneurial activity, strategies and success. In this introduction, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in policy in governance, with special attention to the recent upsurge in studies of climate governance entrepreneurship. We distinguish two types of entrepreneurship: (1) acts aimed at enhancing governance influence by altering the distribution of authority and information; and (2) acts aimed at altering or diffusing norms and cognitive frameworks, worldviews or institutional logics. The contributions in this special issue offer valuable insights into how personal motivations, policy windows, international trends, cultural-institutional traditions and the distribution of structural power influence entrepreneurship. However, more work is needed – not least as regards whether actors that seek change are more active and/or more successful as entrepreneurs compared to those that defend the status quo, and whether there is more successful entrepreneurship in public or in private arenas of governance.



Comunicar ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (49) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Tiede ◽  
Silke Grafe

Various research works and practitioners conclude that media pedagogy should be integrated in teacher education in order to enable future teachers to use media for their lessons effectively and successfully. However, this realization is not necessarily reflected in actual university curricula, as preservice teachers at some places can still finish their studies without ever dealing with media pedagogical issues. To understand, assess and eventually improve the status of media pedagogical teacher education, comprehensive research is required. Against this background, the following article seeks to present a theory-based and empirical overview of the status quo of preservice teachers’ pedagogical media competencies focusing Germany and the USA exemplarily. To form a basis, different models of pedagogical media competencies from both countries will be introduced and the extent to which these competencies have become part of teacher education programs and related studies will be summarised. Afterwards, method and selected results of a study will be described where the skills in question were measured with students from both countries, based on a comprehensive model of pedagogical media competencies that connects German and international research in this field. The international comparative perspective will help broaden the viewpoint and understand differences, but also similarities. These data serve to identify different ways of integrating media pedagogy into teacher training and draw conclusions on the consequences these processes entail for preservice teachers and their pedagogical media competencies. Varios estudios de investigación y de práctica llegan a la conclusión de que la pedagogía de los medios debe integrarse en la formación de profesores para que estos futuros docentes puedan utilizar los medios de comunicación en sus clases con eficacia y éxito. Sin embargo, estos resultados no se reflejan en los programas universitarios vigentes, de manera que en algunas instituciones los profesores en formación pueden llegar al término de sus estudios sin haber abordado cuestiones de educación en medios. Para comprender, evaluar y más adelante mejorar la situación actual de la formación del profesorado en el ámbito de la pedagogía de los medios se necesitan extensas investigaciones. Teniendo en cuenta esta situación, el siguiente artículo presenta un resumen del «statu quo» de las competencias en pedagogía de los medios de los futuros profesores, centrándose en los ejemplos de Alemania y EEUU. Para crear una base presentamos diferentes modelos de competencias pedagógicas mediáticas de ambos países e intentaremos responder a la pregunta si estas competencias son promovidas por los programas de formación del profesorado. Después, se describirán el método y resultados seleccionados de un estudio que midió las competencias en pedagogía de los medios de estudiantes de ambos países, estudio basado en un modelo generalizador de competencias pedagógicas mediáticas que conectan la investigación alemana e internacional en este campo. La perspectiva internacional comparada ayuda a extender perspectivas y comprender diferencias y similitudes. Los datos de este estudio sirven para identificar diferentes formas de integrar la pedagogía de los medios de comunicación en la formación del profesorado. Además, se pueden sacar conclusiones sobre las consecuencias que implican estos procesos para profesores en formación y sus competencias mediáticas.



2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Ellis

AbstractThe French legislation of 6 January 1864 which deregulated spoken and lyric theatre nationwide showed little sensitivity to the distinctive financial ecology of regional theatre. Its effects were precisely the opposite of those its architects intended, and caused most disruption to the very constituencies the legislation was intended to help. Comparative analysis of the immediate aftermath of this ‘liberté des théâtres’ reveals a state of near chaos across France. Town councils oscillated between abandoning to the market their traditions of theatre as artistic social service, and pouring in yet more taxpayers' money just to maintain the status quo. Opera, as the most expensive art form, was the immediate casualty, ceding considerable ground to a vigorous entertainment sector based around the operetta repertory (including opéra-bouffe) and the café-concert chanson.



Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document