scholarly journals Snack Names In China

Names ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Dan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Descriptive Names ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

Previous studies of snack names have focused on their psychological impact on consumers in different cultures but have tended to ignore their onomastic features. This study helps to address this gap based on a corpus of 121 snack names extracted from the book Chinese Famous Local Delicious Food and Special Products. This study explores the patterns of syllables, sounds, and name types of snack names compiled in this small-scale corpus. In this investigation, it was found that descriptive names were the dominant type in the corpus and the most frequently described type feature was the food ingredient. Interestingly, metaphorical names in the corpus were in general found to be related to shape similarities. Contrary to previous findings on dish names and drinking brand names in China, the snack names examined in this corpus showed a preference for three-syllable patterns and “light” or “flat” tones. After discussing these and other findings of this research, this paper discusses what insights this study may provide for other name investigations that utilize corpus linguistic approaches.

Arab women in news headlines during the Arab Spring: Image and perception in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mustafa-Awad ◽  
Monika Kirner-Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
News Media ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
University Courses ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Linguistic Approaches ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
News Headlines

This article reports on the first stage of a research project on German university students’ conceptualization of Arab women and to what extent it is affected by the latters’ representation in the Western press during the Arab Spring. We combined discourse analysis and corpus-linguistic approaches to investigate the relationship between lexical items used by the students to express their attitudes toward Arab women and those featuring in news headlines about them published in British, American, and German news media. Results show that the portrayal of Arab women in Western news headlines has a clear impact on German students’ opinions of them. The findings also show that our participants tend to be aware of this effect, which could be partly due to their familiarity with discourse analysis as students of linguistics. These results have implications for incorporating media education systematically in general university courses.

scholarly journals FISH COMMUNITY COMPOSITION INDICATES LOW IMPACT OF CAPTURE EFFORTS IN WAR-TORN SOUTH SUDAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Luiselli ◽  
John Sebit Benansio ◽  
Johnson J. Balli ◽  
Daniele Dendi ◽  
Stephanie Ajong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Community ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Part Time ◽  
White Nile

A survey conducted in Terekeka, Mongalla (=Mongalla) and Gemmaiza (= Gemeiza), payams of Central Equatoria in South Sudan using face-to-face interviews, structured questionnaire and focused group discussion provided information on income generating strategies of fishing communities. These included: full time or part time fishing, small-scale farming, cattle breeding and firewood collection. Stationary gill nets were the dominant type of fishing gear, followed by  monofilament, hook and long line, cast nets, spears and harpoons. Fishing vessels included planked canoes, steel boats and fibreglass. The best fishing months were August, September, followed by May. Main species caught included large bodied potamodromous predators adapted to channel habitats, as well as floodplain migrants. Overall the fish community appeared to be at equilibrium, with no evidence of impacts due to excessive catch efforts. The good health of the White Nile fishery is related to the high resilience of South Sudanese aquatic ecosystems as well as to the low potential of fish capture in a country disrupted by war and lack of security.

scholarly journals Psychological impact of perinatal bereavement in different cultures

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Ierodiakonou – Benou ◽  
Stergios Kaprinis ◽  
Stavroula Sokolaki ◽  
Apostolos Iakovidis ◽  
Georgios Kaprinis
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Perinatal Bereavement ◽  
Different Cultures

What learner corpus research can contribute to multilingualism research

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Wulff
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Learner Corpus ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
Learner Language ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

Corpus linguists are increasingly interested in applying their methodological tool box to the various areas of multilingualism. This paper gives an overview of corpus resources and presents three case studies on L2 foreign language learning that employ quantitative methods. The goal is to demonstrate that corpus-linguistic approaches further our understanding of many hot topics in learner language research, including appropriate characterizations of the L1 input and/or target norm; the adequate modeling of the intrinsically complex and highly L1-specific nature of learner language; and the increasingly recognized role of individual variation in the acquisition process. The paper closes with a brief discussion of how these methods can and should be applied to other areas of multilingualism research.

scholarly journals Common Lexical Errors Made by Machine Translation On Cultural Text

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
NANDA FITRI MAR'ATHUS SHOLIKHAH ◽  
Rohmani Nur Indah
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Word Selection ◽  
Lexical Errors ◽  
Different Cultures

Machine translation is one tool of Google that presents various languages to translate. As a translator machine, the results of Google Translate are not always perfectly correct. The result of translation can be called pre-translation, which is still needed to be revised. Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Arok Dedes story is one of the Javanese stories that contain elements of culture. Translating texts which contain elements of a culture is not easy because one region to another have different cultures, so that it is difficult to look for parallel words that contain cultural, religious, social, customs, social organization, procedure, sign language, and ecology elements, and Google cannot translate the term of cultural words easily. This study is aimed at two main purposes: (1) finding out the types of lexical errors made by machine translation in translating cultural text and (2) knowing the most dominant type of lexical errors made by machine translation in translating cultural text. This study was carried out in a population of 553 pages of Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Arok Dedes. A simple random sampling technique was done to select samples. The total samples taken in this study were 30% of the population. The study results are that there are only 9 types of the total 21 types of lexical errors, namely calque, misselection, consonant-based type, false friend, vowel-based type, inappropriate co-hyponym statistically weighted preferences, semantically determined word selection, and preposition partners. The most dominant error of lexical errors is calque.

Linguistic Approaches to Lying and Deception

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Karol J. Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Linguistic Cues ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

This chapter examines approaches to lying and deception within a linguistic framework by studying lying as it relates to phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It details empirical research on linguistic cues to lying, the emergence of lying, and attitudes to lies in different cultures. Both intercultural and cross-cultural studies are included, most of which contrast English with other languages. Coleman and Kay’s seminal work on the semantics of lying and replication studies in Arabic and Spanish are of particular interest. Finally, applied research in various discourse genres such as media language, politics and propaganda, and online discourse are presented. The chapter demonstrates how lying is a pragmalinguistic and sociolinguistic phenomenon that is best understood through empirical studies, ones providing insights into lying in real-life language situations.

Towards a coherent methodology for the documentation of small-scale multilingualism: Dealing with speech data

2021 ◽  
pp. 136700692110231
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Di Carlo ◽  
Rachel A. Ojong Diba ◽  
Jeff Good
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Bilingualism And Multilingualism ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

Purpose: To contribute to the establishment of a novel approach to language documentation that includes bilingual and multilingual speech data. This approach would open this domain of study to work by specialists of bilingualism and multilingualism. Approach: Within language documentation, the approach adopted in this paper exemplifies the “contemporary communicative ecology” mode of documentation. This radically differs from the “ancestral-code” mode of documentation that characterizes most language documentation corpora. Within the context of multilingualism studies, this paper advocates for the inclusion of a strong ethnographic component to research on multilingualism. Data and Analysis: The data presented comes from a context characterized by small-scale multilingualism, and the analyses provided are by and large focused on uncovering aspects of local metapragmatics. Conclusions: Conducting language documentation in contexts of small-scale multilingualism requires that the adequacy of a corpus is assessed with regard to sociolinguistic, rather than only structural linguistic, requirements. The notion of sociolinguistic adequacy is discussed in detail in analytical terms and illustrated through an example taken from ongoing research led by the authors. Originality: To date, there are no existing publications reviewing in the detail provided here how the documentation of multilingual speech in contexts of small-scale multilingualism should be structured. The contribution is highly original, in particular, for its theoretical grounding of the proposed approach. Significance/Implications: This article can serve as a reference for those interested in methodological and theoretical concerns relating to the practice of language documentation in contexts of small-scale multilingualism across the world. It may also help clarify ways for sociolinguists to engage more closely with work on language documentation, a domain that has thus far remained primarily informed by structural linguistic approaches.

scholarly journals A new approach to (key) keywords analysis: Using frequency, and now also dispersion

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Stefan Th. Gries
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Measure ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Log Likelihood ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
Linguistic Approaches ◽  
National Corpus

A widely-used method in corpus-linguistic approaches to discourse analysis, register/text type/genre analysis, and educational/curriculum questions is that of keywords analysis, a simple statistical method aiming to identify words that are key to, i.e. characteristic for, certain discourses, text types, or topic domains. The vast majority of keywords analyses relied on the same statistical measure that most collocation studies are using, the log-likelihood ratio, which is performed on frequencies of occurrence in two corpora under consideration. In a recent paper, Egbert and Biber (2019) advocated a different approach, one that involves computing log-likelihood ratios for word types based on the range of their distribution rather than their frequencies in the target and reference corpora under consideration. In this paper, I argue that their approach is a most welcome addition to keywords analysis but can still be profitably extended by utilizing both frequency and dispersion for keyness computations. I am presenting a new two-dimensional approach to keyness and exemplifying it on the basis of the Clinton-Trump Corpus and the British National Corpus.

4. CORPUS LINGUISTIC APPROACHES FOR DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 75-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Corpus Studies ◽  
Complement Clauses ◽  
Linguistic Approaches

This chapter provides an overview of approaches within corpus linguistics that address discourse-level phenomena. The shared characteristics of all corpus-based research are first reviewed. Then four major approaches are covered: (1) investigating characteristics associated with the use of a language feature, for example, analyzing the factors that affect the omission or retention of that in complement clauses; (2) examining the realizations of a particular function of language, such as describing all the constructions used in English to express stance; (3) characterizing a variety of language, for example, conducting a multi-dimensional analysis to investigate relationships among the registers used in different settings at universities; and (4) mapping the occurrences of a feature through entire texts, for example, tracing how writers refer to themselves and their audience as they construct authority in memos. For each approach, a variety of studies are reviewed to illustrate the diverse perspectives that corpus linguistics can bring to our understanding of discourse. The chapter concludes with a brief overview of some other foci in corpus linguistics and suggests that two areas require particular attention for the advancement of discourse-oriented corpus studies: the need for more computer tools and computer programmers for corpus linguistics, and the need for further studies about how best to represent language varieties in a corpus.

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