Common Lexical Errors Made by Machine Translation On Cultural Text

Machine translation is one tool of Google that presents various languages to translate. As a translator machine, the results of Google Translate are not always perfectly correct. The result of translation can be called pre-translation, which is still needed to be revised. Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Arok Dedes story is one of the Javanese stories that contain elements of culture. Translating texts which contain elements of a culture is not easy because one region to another have different cultures, so that it is difficult to look for parallel words that contain cultural, religious, social, customs, social organization, procedure, sign language, and ecology elements, and Google cannot translate the term of cultural words easily. This study is aimed at two main purposes: (1) finding out the types of lexical errors made by machine translation in translating cultural text and (2) knowing the most dominant type of lexical errors made by machine translation in translating cultural text. This study was carried out in a population of 553 pages of Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Arok Dedes. A simple random sampling technique was done to select samples. The total samples taken in this study were 30% of the population. The study results are that there are only 9 types of the total 21 types of lexical errors, namely calque, misselection, consonant-based type, false friend, vowel-based type, inappropriate co-hyponym statistically weighted preferences, semantically determined word selection, and preposition partners. The most dominant error of lexical errors is calque.

NEED ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS BASED ON THE ADDIE MODEL

This research is research and development on the development of English textbooks for non-English department using ADDIE model, however this research only the first phase of ADDIE model, which is analysis. This research only describing the process and analyzing toward English textbooks need which is used in teaching and learning to non-English learners. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method, because the data analysis in the form of word. The researcher use three instrument to get the data, they are: questionnaire forgetting deep information of the student need, interview to know the teaching and learning process doing by the lecturer, and documentation to know the learners outcomes in learning English, especially English for general basic courses in the university. Based on research finding and discussion, students purpose in learning English are to be able to speak English in interest with their work, English level of the students are beginner, they understand simple sentence in daily conversation, students’ needs and wishes according with English learning are their English skill can support their academic competence and also their work, students need according with material and assignment is basic material for beginner learners with completed by the assignment, students need according with activities in the classroom is that they want to have active activity by solving the problem in pairs or small group. Based on the interview of the English lecture, the researcher concludes that the students are enthusiastic in the teaching and learning process, Learning method which is used is lecture method and cooperative learning, mastery of the material is still lacking, the average of students skill is at the beginner level. The material which is should be mastered by students are focusing on reading and speaking, read the English literature and English article. Focus on answering the question by correct speaking. For the micro skills, they have to memorize many vocabularies and doing correct practicing in pronounces the word. Based on document analysis, the researcher concludes that: The students are able to translate the text related to their department, the students are able to explain the reading technique of the scientific text to know the information of the text, the students are able to improve speaking skill with correct sentences and other learning outcomes deal with the English lecture.

THE ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY IN WRITING ACHIEVEMENT OF INDONESIAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Writing is one of productive skills in English learning. This activity can be influenced by another psychological factor such as self-efficacy. It is a psychological factor that is related to someone belief in doing something successfully. This research aims at investigating the correlation between self-efficacy and writing achievement. This research uses correlation quantitative as the research design. The participants are 110 students of the tenth grade students of MAN 1 Kota Kediri. To get data, the instruments used are self-efficacy questionnaire and writing test. The result of this research revealed that there is no significant correlation between self-efficacy and writing achievement.

ENGLISH COMMUNICATION NEEDS ANALYSIS OF THE OJEK ONLINE DRIVERS COMMUNITY IN BANYUWANGI REGENCY

Online motorcycle taxi is a transportation mode that is also developing in the Banyuwangi regency. The development of regional tourism is the potential for foreign tourists as users of the services. This study aims to analyze the need for communication in English among online motorcycle taxi drivers in Banyuwangi . The study was conducted with a direct survey of 20 male drivers. The selection of respondents was done by using the snow ball method. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire containing 7 questions, each of which has 4 answer choices. Questionnaire data are grouped according to answers and analyzed according to existing theories. The results showed that online motorcycle taxi drivers need to improve communication skills in English for services to foreign tourists.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF BRITISH ENGLISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH TOWARD WRITING ABILITY IN THE STUDENTS’ INSTAGRAM ACCOUNTS OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA UNIVERSITY OF PURWOKERTO

This research contains an analysis of the use of British and American English on writing skills on student accounts of the Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto University (UNU Purwokerto). The purpose of this study was to determine the British English and American English vocabularies used by students in developing writing skills. This study uses a qualitative approach using descriptive analysis methods. The sampling technique was carried out by means of purposive sampling of the captions used for English writing practice. The Instagram account analyzed was the Instagram account of the Purwokerto Nahdlatul Ulama University students. The accounts analyzed were 50 students accounts. The results of this study are first, the researcher will record the vocabulary contained in the results of English Writing on the Instagram account and classify British and American English. So that we can understand the differences between British English and American English in the captions on students' Instagram. Second, the researcher will analyze writing skills regarding the suitability of grammatical with sentence context. Third, that this research can be used as a reference for British and American English knowledge that supports the process of developing English writing skills.

DEVELOPING ENGLISH TEXTBOOK IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BASED BANYUWANGI LOCAL WISDOM IN BANYUWANGI REGENCY

This study aims to develop an English textbook based on Banyuwangi local wisdom. The design used is research and development (R&D) using Borg and Gall models, namely; 1) Preliminary study (define) and design (design); 2) Textbook development (Development); (3) the model testing phase, and 4) Dissemination of implementation (development, validation, and testing) of textbook development results. The collecting data is a qualitative data which is the result of interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis. There were 12 teachers as respondents in two sub-districts in Banyuwangi district, namely Kabat District and Banyuwangi District. Three experts in providing input on the research prototype. The results of this study indicate that the process of developing textbooks includes an introduction in the form of a map of the teacher's need for textbooks based on Banyuwangi local wisdom that most respondents want textbooks. The design stage includes a book draft, and the development stage is the final textbook result. Assessment of the quality of textbooks from the material, presentation, language, and graphics components. The material components got good ratings, good presentation, good language, and good graphics.

Teachers’ Knowledge about Higher-order Thinking Skill and It’s Implementation in Teaching Reading Classroom: A Case Study in a Higher Secondary School in Indonesia

ABSTRACTHigher-order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is a well-known term that is nowadays being discussed among researchers, especially in education contexts. In this globalization era, developing students’ ability to think with HOTS becomes teachers’ challenging task to do. They are responsible to enrich their knowledge about HOTS and update findings and ideas of HOTS implementation in teaching. So, they will be able to implement HOTS in teaching they believe will be ideal and effective to develop students’ HOTS. This research aims to investigate teachers’ knowledge about HOTS and investigate how they implement their knowledge of HOTS in teaching reading classroom. This is a qualitative research with case study as the research design. The data were collected using in-depth interviews followed by observation. The participants of this research are three English teachers from a senior high school who teach different grades. The results of this research show that the teachers’ knowledge of HOTS is still low. They do not understand HOTS conceptually. However, their implementation of HOTS in teaching reading show that they implement HOTS to teach reading that enables students to activate their HOTS. They include the concept of effective HOTS teaching suggested by Fogarty (2009).

IMPLEMENTATION OF LEARNING MODELS TEAM GAME TOURNAMENT TO IMPROVE STUDENTS 'ENGLISH LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT (A class Action Research at Grade X IPA-2 MAN 1 Pati 2019/2020)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Team Game Tournament (TGT) Learning Model improves the English learning achievement of students of The class X IPA-2 odd semester Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Pati in the 2019/2020 academic year. The design of this study is a classroom action research conducted in three cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research subjects were students of The class X IPA-2 odd semesters Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Pati in the 2019/2020 academic year. The research variables consist of student achievement variables and teacher activity variables. The data collection method is the observation questionnaire method, and the test method. The data analysis method is qualitative data analysis. From the results of the study, information was obtained that there was an increase in the English learning achievement of The class X IPA-2 students in the odd semester of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kudus for the 2019/2020 academic year. This increase is indicated by: (1) the average student achievement in cycle I is 7.14; in the second cycle cycle was 7.44; and in cycle III is 8.84; (2) student learning completeness in cycle I was 17 students or 47.22% and 19 students or 52.78% who did not complete; in cycle II students who completed were 26 students or 72.22% and those who did not complete were 10 students or 27.78%; in cycle III, students who completed 36 students or 100% and there were no students who did not complete; (3) completeness of classical learning in the first cycle was 47.22%, in the second cycle it was 72.22; and in cycle III it reaches 100%. This means that it has reached the predetermined indicator. Besides that, there is also an increase in student activity during the learning process, both individually and in groups. Student responses or responses to the application of the TGT learning model were classified as high, reaching 83.14%.

A Need Analysis in English for Business Material at Economic Faculty of Pandanaran University

This article’s aim is to find out what students’ of Economic Faculty of Pandanaran University need in learning English for Business course to improve the materials design. Since in Indonesia there are so many companies have already engaged with overseas client or customer, they have already applied English as media for communication in their daily work. Then, for preparing the readiness of the graduates to work at such company, there is English for Business course that must be taken by the students of Economic Faculty. However, the materials which are taught to students, so far, do not meet the students’ interest and need. That is why this study conducted to put the students first in improving materials. This quantitative and qualitative study used Needs Analysis Theory. Questionnaire and interview were conducted to collect the data and get all information to improve the materials design of English for Business Course. The participants of this study were an English lecturer, two HRD of multinational company, and 50 students of Economic Faculty at Universitas Pandanaran. The result of this study showed several found of materials that can be taught. Furthermore, it can be implemented in English for Business teaching.

USING PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ PRONUNCIATION SKILLS

For EFL students especially the students of English Letters Department at Pamulang University, mastering English is something challenging. There are several problems which they face in learning English. One of the most crucial problems is pronunciation. Hence, appropriate teaching methods such as using phonetic transcription are needed to help the students to improve their pronunciation. This research focused on using phonetic transcription to improve the pronunciation skills of the fourth semester students of English Letters Department of Pamulang University. It was aimed to reveal if the utilization of phonetic transcription was able to improve the students’ pronunciation. It was also aimed to figure out how phonetic transcription improved the students’ pronunciation. This research implemented Classroom Action Research which was carried out from February until April 2020. There were two cycles in this research and each cycle consisted of three meetings. In collecting the data, the writers used field notes, interviews and tests. The average of the students’ score in the pre-cycle and cycle 1 were 59,86 and 66,07 which were still lower than 75 as the target. In the cycle 2, the average of the students’ score was 75,56 which was higher than 75. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that phonetic transcription was able to improve the students’ pronunciation. Phonetic transcription had role in improving both segmental and supra segmental features of the students’ pronunciation.