scholarly journals Epidemiological investigation for brucellosis in dogs of Thrissur

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athira K. ◽  
Shyma V. H. ◽  
Justin K. D. ◽  
Vijayakumar K. ◽  
Jayakumar C.
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Base Pair ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Canine Brucellosis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Transmission Of Disease ◽  
Sera Samples

India is endemic to bovine brucellosis, and there is a high potential for transmission of disease from ruminants to dogs. A total of 18 bitches belonging to five different breeds at different stage of abortion (30 days to 65 days of gestation) were selected for this study. Majority of them were showing abortion (88.89 per cent) at 45 to 65 days of the gestation. Microscopic examination of Stamp stained smear obtained from the aborted foetal stomach contents revealed red coccobacillary organisms suggestive of Brucella spp.in three cases. RBPT on paired sera samples on day of presentation and three weeks after abortion showed agglutination within four minutes in five out of 18 female dogs. DNA extracted from the aborted tissues of a RBPT positive Labrador dog yielded amplicons of 193 base pair specific for Brucella spp. on PCR. The results obtained from this study stress the need for screening dogs for canine brucellosis in the current brucellosis surveillance and control programmes.

scholarly journals Recent classification of diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Tiwari ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
The Right ◽  
Point Of Intersection ◽  
And Control

The right classification for diabetes mellitus (DM) allows a more adequate treatment and comprises four categories: type 1 DM, type 2 DM, other types, and gestational diabetes. Assigning a type of diabetes to an individual often depends on the circumstances present at the time of diagnosis, and many diabetic individuals do not easily fit into a single class. Diabetes mellitus and lesser forms of glucose intolerance, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, can now be found in almost every population in the world and epidemiological evidence suggests that, without effective prevention and control programmes, diabetes will likely continue to increase globally. These findings were confirmed in a similar study in India, in which the FPG and 2-h PG were each strongly and equally associated with retinopathy. For both the FPG and the 2-h PG, the prevalence of retinopathy was markedly higher above the point of intersection of the two components of the bimodal frequency distribution (FPG = 129 mg/dl [7.2 mmol/l] and 2- h PG = 207 mg/dl [11.5 mmol/l]). In the NHANES III, 2,821 individuals aged 40-74 years received an OGTT, a measurement of HbAlc, and an assessment of retinopathy by fundus photography.

scholarly journals Investigation of the spread of brucellosis among human and animal populations in southeastern Bulgaria, 2007

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Tzaneva ◽  
S Ivanova ◽  
M Georgieva ◽  
E Tasheva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Results

Three human cases of brucellosis were reported in summer 2007 in the region of Haskovo in southeastern Bulgaria. Subsequently, the regional veterinary and public health authorities carried out investigations to determine the spread of infection in domestic animals and in the human population. As a result, over 90,000 animals were tested, and 410 were found infected with brucellosis. The screening of 561 people believed to have been at risk of infection yielded 47 positive results. The majority of these persons had direct contact with domestic animals or had consumed unpasteurised dairy products. The investigations revealed evidence of disease among animals in the region and a considerable risk to humans, thus emphasising the need for effective prevention and control programmes.

Surveillance and control of bovine brucellosis in the Republic of Korea during 2000–2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 66-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-Y. Lee ◽  
I.M. Higgins ◽  
O.-K. Moon ◽  
T.A. Clegg ◽  
G. McGrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

BIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF THE COAST MOLE, SCAPANUS ORARIUS ORARIUS TRUE, IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Glendenning
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Economic Control ◽  
River Flood ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fraser Valley ◽  
Old Females

Coast moles were studied and trapped from 1935 to 1945 at Agassiz, British Columbia. They cause economic damage in the lower Fraser Valley by injuring growing crops and by covering up to 15 per cent of the surface of a field with their hills.The moles ate almost any arthropod, annelid, or molluscan that they captured, but earthworms comprised 93 per cent of the stomach contents. Adults ate nearly twice their weight in earthworms daily, or 100–150 grams, representing more than 100 worms. The populations of moles apparently varied in proportion to those of the earthworms.The moles mated from January to early March. The young were born in March or April. Yearling females had two embryos; 2-year-old females had three; and mature females had four. Of 940 trapped during the winters, 45 per cent were over 1, and 6 per cent were over 3 years old. The average weight of mature 74 males was 74.3 ± 5.6 grams; the average weight of 30 mature females was 69.8 ± 4.1 grams.Natural control was ineffective. The disastrous Fraser River flood of 1948 lowered the numbers significantly, but recovery was rapid.Artificial controls tested included: poisons, caustic irritants, explosives, flooding, earthworm poisons, combinations of chemical fertilizers and irrigations, mechanical and chemical barriers, commercial mole destroyers, poison gases, deterrents, and traps. Only the last two were of value; crude flake naphthalene was a deterrent, and the scissors type was the most effective trap. In heavy infestations as many as three moles per man-hour were trapped. Naphthalene was expensive but protected small plots for up to 6 weeks. For economic control by trapping an area of 300 to 500 acres should be trapped in one season. Smaller areas are quickly reinfested, since the moles travel up to 1 mile.

A lavagem das mãos como expressão do cuidado de enfermagem junto aos pré-escolares de escolas municipais do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Amanda Liliane Chaves ◽  
Geane Caetano Amorim ◽  
Tathiana Silva Martins ◽  
Zenith Rosa Silvino
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Study Type ◽  
And Control ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

ABSTRACTObjective: to report the experience of academic stock of the mayor of Rio de Janeiro in the promotion of washing hands with the pre-school children in four schools in the township. Method: it is a descriptive study type of reporting experience. The study population was pre-school children in four schools in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. It was developed, the dynamics in the period from March to August 2008. Results: all the children seemed to be interested, cooperative and motivated to participate in the "joke", and in a verbal or non-verbal, expressed the satisfaction of nurturing and developing such activity. Conclusions: believe that the promotion of washing hands with the pre-school presents itself as a strategy of intervention of nursing as a measure to prevent and control the transmission of disease in schools, able to minimize the health problems of children and the spread of the infectious community. Descriptors: laundering of hands; education in health; pediatric nursing.RESUMOObjetivo: relatar a vivência de acadêmicos bolsistas da prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro na promoção da lavagem das mãos junto aos pré-escolares em quatro escolas do município. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência. A população do estudo foram pré-escolares de quatro escolas do município do Rio de Janeiro. Desenvolveu-se, a dinâmica, no período de março a agosto de 2008. Resultados: todas as crianças mostraram-se interessadas, cooperantes e motivadas a participar da “brincadeira” e de forma verbal ou não-verbal, manifestavam o carinho e a satisfação de desenvolver tal atividade. Conclusão: acreditamos que a promoção da lavagem das mãos junto aos pré-escolares apresenta-se como uma estratégia de intervenção de enfermagem como medida de prevenção e controle da transmissão de doença nas escolas, capaz de minimizar agravos à saúde das crianças e a disseminação do quadro infeccioso à comunidade. Descritores: lavagem de mãos; educação em saúde; enfermagem pediátrica.RESUMENObjetivo: informe a la experiencia académica de un balance de la alcaldía de Río de Janeiro en la promoción de lavarse las manos con los niños en edad preescolar en cuatro escuelas en el municipio. Método: se trata de un estudio de tipo descriptivo de la experiencia de presentación de informes. La población estudiada fue de los niños en edad preescolar en cuatro escuelas en el municipio de Río de Janeiro. Se desarrolló, la dinámica en el período de marzo a agosto de 2008. Resultados: todos los niños parecían estar interesados, de cooperación y motivados a participar en la "broma", y, en uno verbal o no verbal, expresaron la satisfacción de la crianza y el desarrollo de esa actividad. Conclusiones: creemos que la promoción del lavado de manos con el pre-escolar se presenta como una estrategia de intervención de enfermería como una medida para prevenir y controlar la transmisión de la enfermedad en las escuelas, capaces de reducir al mínimo las lesiones a la salud de los niños y la difusión de la tabla infecciosas a la comunidad. Descriptores: el lavar planchar de manos; educación en salud; oficio de enfermera pediátrica.

Serum based polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Naveen Kumar ◽  
M. Vijaya Bharathi ◽  
G. Selvaraju ◽  
K. Porteen ◽  
K. Vijayarani
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sera Samples

Brucellosis is one of the economically important diseases in India and diagnosis of brucellosis using single test is cumbersome due to variation in sensitivity and specificity among the different test. The present study was aimed to assess the suitability of serum as clinical specimen in molecular diagnosis and evaluate the serology and molecular assays as in diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. A total of 821 bovine sera samples were subjected to indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (i-ELISA) and serum based Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. On serology 6.70 per cent positivity of brucellosis were reported and on PCR assay, 47 and 29 sera samples were positive for bcsp 31 genus specific and IS711 species specific PCR assay respectively with per cent positivity of 5.72 and 3.53. In comparison between serology and molecular test, 44 samples were positive for both assays and 11 and 3 samples were positive for serology and molecular assays individually. This study suggests that serum sample can be utilised as the choice of clinical specimen for both PCR assay and i-ELISA will be a future choice for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis.

Honeycomb Multistage Control of Hydraulic Loading Testing Machine

2012 ◽  
Vol 271-272 ◽  
pp. 606-610
Author(s):  
Jun Lv
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
High Pressure Range ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Control

Static and dynamic characteristics of the honeycomb paperboard with different size and structure are mechanics research priorities. Study on its mechanical characteristics of the basic way is the basic mechanical properties testing by loading testing machine. In order to get the stability of compressive strength of honeycomb paperboard, compressive strength of honeycomb paperboard models should be tested. Based on the existing equipment, new equipment has been made with new hydraulic systems and control programmes, control accuracy and method has been analyzed. Experimental testing results have shown that the device is credible, and its precision meets to the design requirements. The honeycomb paperboard testing machine not only provides a high pressure range and flexible control equipment, but provides a function of testing sample size effects.

scholarly journals Sleeping sickness control—how wildlife and man could benefit

Oryx ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Ormerod ◽  
L. R. Rickman
Keyword(s):  
Human Population ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
And Control

Tsetse eradication and control programmes are often carried out in order that cattle can be introduced into the cleared area. The resultant destruction to habitats and wildlife can be considerable, and the majority of Africa's human population does not benefit from increased beef production. The authors say that we need a different approach, one that would concentrate on controlling sleeping sickness in humans, and on conserving the indigenous vegetation and fauna. They illustrate their approach by describing what could be done in a part of northern Zambia where sleeping sickness is endemic.

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