scholarly journals Prognostic Factors and Association of Inflammatory Biomarkers with Severity and Mortality in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Hamzullah Khan ◽  
Shahtaj Khan ◽  
Huma Riaz ◽  
Asad Rehman Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
B Blood Group ◽  
D Dimer

Objectives: To determine prognostic values and association of inflammatory markers with severity and mortality in COVID- 19 in a hospital based study. Study design and setting: This retrospective study was conducted from 1st June 2020 to 30th Sept 2020 in Department of Pathology, Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex, Nowshera and Medical Teaching Institute, Hayatabad Medical complex Peshawar. Methodology: Out of 215, 71 cases were selected that had all relevant information’s on chart available in Blood bank and department of Pathology. Results: Out of 71 patients, 54 (76.1%) were males and 17 (23.9%) females. Thirty five (49.3%) had age>55 years while 31 (43.7%) were in age range 36-55 years. The frequency of the different blood groups were; 25 (35.2%) B+ blood group followed by 19 (26.8%) A+ and 14 (19.7%) O+ blood group. The AUC for d-dimers was (0.725, 95% CI 0.599-0.855) followed by CRP (0.565 95%CI 0.422-0.7.8) and ferritin (0.519 95%CI 0.36-0.679). The median values of d-dimers was significantly higher in the deceased as compared to the survivors (p<0.05- Mann Whitney U test).The CRP and ferritin levels were not significantly different in study groups. There was a significant positive uphill correlation of the hospital stay with higher values of d-dimers (p=0.01, rs= 0.287). Conclusion: D-dimer is a main prognostic factor that predicts mortality in COVID-19 followed by CRP and serum ferritin levels. Male gender and patient with age>60 are at risk of worst outcome under the impact of deranged values of inflammatory mediators. Hospital stay and blood group of patients have no relation with outcome

Prothrombotic State Induced by Middle-Distance Endurance Exercise in Middle-Aged Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (08) ◽  
pp. 747-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Salvagno ◽  
Cantor Tarperi ◽  
Matteo Gelati ◽  
Martina Montagnana ◽  
Elisa Danese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Endurance Running ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Dimer

AbstractSince the impact of possible prothrombotic factors on blood coagulation resulting from exercise remains elusive, this study investigated the acute effects of middle-distance endurance running on blood coagulation parameters in middle-aged athletes. The study population consisted of 33 male endurance runners who were engaged in a 21.1 km run under competitive conditions. Blood samples were collected before the run, immediately after the run, and 3 hours after run completion. Samples were assessed for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen, D-dimer, factor VIII (FVIII), von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), endogenous thrombin potential (area under the curve of thrombin generation [TGA-AUC]), and peak thrombin generation (TGA-PK). Post-run variations were expressed as delta (Δ). At baseline, APTT was found to be significantly associated with ABO blood group, VWF:Ag, and FVIII; fibrinogen with age; VWF:Ag with BMI, training regimen, and ABO blood group; APTT with FVIII; FVIII with VWF:Ag and ABO blood group; APTT with VWF:Ag; and TGA-PK with ABO blood group, PT, and TGA-AUC. Immediately after the run, statistically significant increases were observed for PT, D-dimer, VWF:Ag, and FVIII, while statistically significant reductions could be observed for APTT, TGA-AUC, and TGA-PK. Fibrinogen values remained unchanged. Significant correlations were observed between Δ VWF:Ag and Δ FVIII, Δ APTT and Δ VWF:Ag, Δ APTT and Δ FVIII, Δ TGA-AUC and Δ TGA-PK, and between Δ D-dimer and Δ TGA-AUC and Δ TGA-PK. No Δ variation was associated with running time. The results of this study seemingly suggest that middle-distance competitive running may evoke several prothrombotic changes in blood coagulation.

scholarly journals Effect of Intraoperative Valsalva Maneuver Application on Bleeding Point Detection and Postoperative Drainage After Thyroidectomy Surgeries

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 994-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Tokaç ◽  
Ersin Gürkan Dumlu ◽  
Birkan Bozkurt ◽  
Haydar Öcal ◽  
Cevdet Aydın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complication ◽  
Minor Bleeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Postoperative Drainage ◽  
Age Range

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the effect of Valsalva maneuver application before finalizing thyroidectomy operations on the identification of bleeding points and postoperational drainage. One hundred patients (age range, 24–76 years) with multinodular goiter, recurrent multinodular goiter, toxic diffuse multinodular goiter, or papillary thyroid cancer were included in the study and were divided into 2 groups of 50 randomly. Both groups underwent thyroidectomy operation, only 1 group received intraoperative Valsalva maneuver application (twice, 30 seconds of 30-cm PEEP). The size of the thyroid gland, the duration of operation, hospital stay, and drain usage were reported. Postoperational occurrences of drainage, hematoma, reoperation, and additional complications were compared between the groups. Valsalva maneuver application helped to identify minor bleeding points in 32% of the cases. There was no significant difference between the study groups regarding the thyroid gland size, operation duration, hospital stay, and the duration of drain usage (P &gt; 0.05 for all). The amount of drainage as well as the frequencies of hematoma, reoperation, and further complications was not significantly different between the study groups (P &gt; 0.05 for all). Intraoperative application of Valsalva maneuver is only useful to detect minor bleeding points in some patients during thyroidectomy operations, but it had no effect on the duration of postoperative drain usage, the amount of drainage, and risk of hematoma. Therefore, intraoperative application of Valsalva maneuver has no beneficial effect on postoperative hemorrhagic complication after thyroidectomy operations.

scholarly journals Blood Groups and Emotional Intelligence

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamanna Gupta
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
B Blood Group

The present investigation is to explore the emotional intelligence of different blood groups (A+, AB+, B+, and O+). Sample of the study consisted of college students of different blood groups (50 A+, 50 B+, 50 AB+, 50 O+). Their age range between 17-25 years. Their education was above 12th standards. To assess emotional intelligence ‘Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS)’ by Anukool Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe, and Upinder Dhar was used. To test the hypothesis of the present investigation ANOVA was used. Finding of ANOVA reveals that there is significant difference among blood groups and emotional intelligence. Students who have B+ blood group scored higher on value orientation and who have AB+ blood group scored higher on empathy and emotional stability.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on exclusive breastfeeding in non-infected mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Latorre ◽  
Domenico Martinelli ◽  
Pietro Guida ◽  
Ester Masi ◽  
Roberta De Benedictis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Control Cohort ◽  
Maternal Support ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has posed several challenges to the provision of newborn nutrition and care interventions including maternal support, breastfeeding and family participatory care. Italy was the first country to be exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in Europe. One of the measures adopted by the Italian government during COVID-19 pandemic was the total lockdown of the cities with complete confinement at home. We aimed to examine the impact of the lockdown caused by COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding in non-infected mothers. Methods We prospectively enrolled 204 mother-baby dyads during lockdown (9 March to 8 May 2020) that we compared to previously studied 306 mother-baby dyads admitted during the year 2018. To reduce the possible effect of confounding factors on exclusive breastfeeding, a 1:1 matching was performed by using an automatized procedure of stratification that paired 173 mother-baby dyads. Feeding modality was collected at discharge, 30 and 90 days of newborn’s life. Exclusive breastfeeding was considered when the infant received only breast milk and no other liquids or solids were given with the exception of vitamins, minerals or medicines. Results At discharge 69.4% of infants were exclusively breastfed during lockdown versus 97.7% of control group, 54.3% at 30 days vs 76.3 and 31.8% vs 70.5% at 90 days (p < 0.001). The proportion of breastfeeding remaining exclusive from discharge to 30-day was similar between groups (about 80%), but it was lower in lockdown group than in control cohort (58.5% vs 92.4%, p < 0.001) from 30- to 90-days. Conclusions Lockdown and home confinement led to a decrease of exclusively breastfeeding in the studied population. Considering the timing to shift from exclusive to non-exclusive breastfeeding, differences between study groups were concentrated during hospital stay and from 30- to 90 days of a newborn’s life, confirming that the hospital stay period is crucial in continuing exclusive breastfeeding at least for the first 30 days, but no longer relevant at 90 days of life.

Abstract 105: Collateral Blood Flow and Inflammatory Markers in Intracranial Atherosclerosis: Angiography and Biomarker Correlates in the BIOSIS and SAMMPRIS Trials

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Liebeskind ◽  
Samantha M Noreen ◽  
Qi Long ◽  
Yize Zhao ◽  
Arshed Quyyumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerosis ◽  
Collateral Blood Flow ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
The Impact

Background: Collateral blood flow, modulated by inflammation and arteriogenesis, alters ischemic injury in intracranial atherosclerosis. We investigated the potential link between several inflammatory and arteriogenic biomarkers with angiographic findings at enrollment in BIOSIS/SAMMPRIS. Methods: Baseline angiography and blood biomarkers of BIOSIS/SAMMPRIS, which included subjects with stroke or TIA due to 70-99% intracranial stenosis were analyzed. Collateral blood flow status at angiography was categorized by the combination of antegrade flow (TICI) and corresponding extent of collaterals (ASITN/SIR). Collateral status was analyzed with respect to blood progenitor cell markers (CD34) at baseline and inflammatory biomarkers (Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), E-selectin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA 2 ) activity and concentrations) at baseline, 30 days and 4 months. Results: 376 subjects (mean age 60.44 years SD 11; 149/376 (39.6%) women) enrolled in BIOSIS/SAMMPRIS had angiography of collaterals and biomarker data. Collateral perfusion was impaired in 71 (19%) and intermediate in 188 (50%), with robust collaterals in 117 (30%) subjects. Better collateral status was associated with younger age (p=0.001), male sex (p=0.029) and greater baseline physical activity (p=0.007). Baseline blood progenitor cell (CD34+) counts were unrelated to angiographic features at enrollment, whereas inflammatory Lp-PLA 2 activity was linked (p=0.059) with blood flow categories, and lower hsCRP (p=0.025) with better collaterals. Lp-PLA 2 activity was lowest in those with robust collaterals at 30 days (p=0.070) and 4 months (p=0.120). Those with robust collaterals had the greatest decrease in Lp-PLA 2 activity (p=0.021) and concentration (p=0.027) by 30 days, with a continued decline of Lp-PLA 2 activity (p=0.037) to 4 months. Disparate trends in inflammatory markers were seen in the medical and stenting arms. Conclusions: Inflammatory biomarkers are linked with collateral blood flow status in intracranial atherosclerosis. The impact of physical activity, medications and other therapeutic investigations may disclose important mechanisms to avert ischemia.

scholarly journals Remdesivir versus Standard of Care in Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Jeetendra Kumar ◽  
SB Vaibhav ◽  
HR Avinash ◽  
P Pratheek
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
D Dimer

Introduction: In December 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, was first identified as the cause of a respiratory illness designated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since then, several anti-viral drugs have been evaluated for the treatment of COVID-19, but none have shown any efficacy. The only drug which showed some efficacy was Remdesivir (RDV). Aim: To assess the effect and efficacy of RDV and to compare the outcome of patients who are receiving RDV and those receiving standard treatment protocol without RDV. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The data was collected from the case sheets of the case files of patients presenting to the Department of General Medicine Triage who were admitted from the month of July 2020 to December 2020 and analysis was done in January 2021. The method of sampling employed was a non-probability sequential sampling method. Results: Age and sex distributions were comparable in both the groups. The percentage of the patients who expired was 10% and 9% (n=10 and 9, respectively) in Non-RDV and RDV groups respectively, this was statistically insignificant (0.809).However, the duration of hospital stay in those who received RDV was 10 (9-12) days while those receiving standard of care without RDV was 12 (10-15) days (0.0018) which was statistically significant. Also, after a comparison between the two groups it was evident that there was a significant difference in inflammatory markers D-dimer and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) with p=0.001 and 0.029, respectively. Conclusion: Study concludes that there was no significant difference in outcome of patients who received RDV. However, the duration of hospital stay was found to be decreased in patients receiving RDV and also there was a significant improvement in inflammatory markers like LDH and D-dimer.

scholarly journals The impact of smoking on severity and outcome in patients with COVID-19 infection in Mosul city

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alsaaty ◽  
Abdullah alyyouzbaki ◽  
wael thanoon
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Dimer

Background: The novel coronavirus ( SARS CoV 19) is responsible for the pandemic infection after starting in 2019 in Wuhan city /China, several small studies were done since then to determine the effects of smoking on the severity, outcome & mortality of patients with COVID-19 but the results were inconclusive, this study aims to assess the impact of active smoking on severity and outcome in patients with COVID-19 infection in Mosul city/Iraq. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 160 patients ( 80 patients were active smokers & 80 non-smoker patients) who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 infection by using real-time PCR, the study was done at Ibn-Sina teaching hospital in Mosul city/Iraq from May 2020 until December 2020. A detailed history was taken from the patients, full clinical examination & blood tests were done. The following parameters were recorded & compared between the 2 groups: severity of symptoms, inflammatory markers, D dimer, liver function test (LFT), oxygen use, hospitalization & outcome. Results: the symptoms of COVID-19 were more severe in the non smokers group (34.4%) compared to the smokers (25%) & it was statistically significant (p-value = 0.016), the inflammatory markers were also higher in the non-smokers (31.9%) compared to the smokers (20.0%) ( p-value = 0.011) , D dimer & LFT were also higher in the non-smoker group ( p-value = 0.01 & 0.008 respectively). There was no statistical difference regarding oxygen use, hospitalization, ICU admission, mortality, or post-recovery complications. Conclusion: severe symptomatic COVID-19 infection was more common in the non-smoker group, the inflammatory markers, D-dimer & LFT were higher in the non-smokers compared to the smokers. No statistical difference was found regarding O2 use, hospitalization, ICU admission, mortality & residual complications.

scholarly journals A Case Control Study to Evaluate the Impact of Colchicine on Patients Admitted to the Hospital with Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegveer Sandhu ◽  
Arlene Tieng ◽  
Sridhar Chilimuri ◽  
Giovanni Franchin
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Dimer

Background. Colchicine has been used in conditions such as periodic febrile illness, acute pericarditis, and gouty arthritis, all having a common hyperinflammatory response as seen in moderate to severe forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This project was carried out during the rapid surge of cases in New York City, and the goal was to assess the efficacy of colchicine in treating patients with COVID-19. Methods. Patients admitted to two distinct pulmonary oriented floors of the BronxCare Hospital Center were compared. Patients on one floor were given colchicine in addition to standard of care, while control patients from another floor received only standard of care. Patients who had at least two separate timepoint measurements for at least two out of four serum inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ferritin, or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) were selected for the final comprehensive analysis. Results. An initial analysis performed on all patients, irrespective of the availability of two timepoint inflammatory markers, revealed a lower mortality (49.1% versus 72.9%, P = 0.002 ), a lower percentage of intubations (52.8% versus 73.6%, P = 0.006 ), and a higher discharge rate (50.9% versus 27.1%, P = 0.002 ), in the patients who received colchicine. Patients in the final comprehensive analysis groups (34 in the colchicine group and 78 in the control group) had a similar prevalence of comorbid medical conditions, except for renal failure, which was higher in the control group (65.3% versus 35.2%, P = 0.015 ). HTN (71.8% versus 52.9%, P = 0.053 ) and DM (51.3% versus 32.4%, P = 0.064 ) were also more prevalent in the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Patients who received colchicine had a lower mortality than the control group (47.1% versus 80.8%, P = 0.0003 ), lower rate of intubations (47.1% versus 87.2%, P < 0.0001 ), and a higher discharge rate (52.9% versus 19.2%, P = 0.0003 ). Patients in the colchicine group also showed a more significant decrease in inflammatory markers for D-dimer ( P = 0.037 ), CRP ( P = 0.014 ), and ferritin ( P = 0.012 ). Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that colchicine improved outcomes in patients with COVID-19 receiving standard of care therapy. Future randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials to assess the potential benefit of colchicine in COVID-19 are warranted.

Omental Infarction: A Case Treated with Laparoscopic Surgery

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Bertrand Ng ◽  
Arafat Yasser
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Laparoscopy Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Background History ◽  
The Right

Omental infarct is a rare cause of an acute abdomen that arises from an interruption of blood supply to the omentum. Here, we present a case of omental infarct in a 67-year-old gentleman with background history of diabetes mellitus who present unusually with a severe acute onset right hypochondrium pain. Examination revealed that he was tender to touch at the right and was having localized guarding. His inflammatory markers were normal. He was successfully treated with laparoscopy surgery and he was subsequently discharged the following day. Omental infarct cases with right hypochondrium pain can sometimes mimicked acute cholecystitis and management includes laparoscopic surgery which can hasten symptoms resolution and reduces hospital stay, however recommendation for surgery has to be balanced with anesthetics risk and complication of the surgery itself.

ASSOCIATION OF PLATELET-DERIVED MICROVESICLES WITH HIGH ON-TREATMENT PLATELET REACTIVITY IN CONVALESCENT ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS TREATED WITH ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1426-1436
Author(s):  
Justyna Rosińska ◽  
Joanna Maciejewska ◽  
Robert Narożny ◽  
Wojciech Kozubski ◽  
Maria Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Elevated concentrations of platelet-derived microvesicles are found in cerebrovascular diseases. The impact of acetylsalicylic acid on these microvesicles remains inconsistent, despite its well-established effect on platelet aggregation. High residual platelet aggregation is defined as high on-treatment platelet reactivity, while “treatment failure” is the occurrence of vascular events despite antiplatelet treatment. The aim of this study was to determine whether the antiaggregatory effect of acetylsalicylic acid correlates with platelet-derived microvesicles in convalescent ischaemic stroke patients and cardiovascular risk factor controls as well as to evaluate the association between high on-treatment platelet reactivity and recurrent vascular events with the studied platelet-derived microvesicle parameters. Materials and methods: The study groups consisted of 76 convalescent stroke patients and 74 controls. Total platelet-derived microvesicles, annexino-positive microvesicles number, and platelet-derived microvesicles with surface expression of proinflammatory (CD40L, CD62P, CD31) and procoagulant (PS, GPIIb/IIIa) markers were characterized and quantified using flow cytometry. Cyclooxygenase-1-specific platelet responsiveness, with whole blood impedance platelet aggregation under arachidonic acid stimulation and the serum concentration of thromboxane B2, were evaluated. Results: Neither acetylsalicylic acid intake nor modification of its daily dose caused statistically significant differences in the studied microvesicle parameters. Additionally, no statistically significant differences in the studied microvesicle parameters were revealed between high on-treatment platelet reactivity and non-high on-treatment platelet reactivity subjects in either study subgroup. However, elevated concentrations of PAC-1+/CD61+, CD62P+/CD61+ and CD31+/CD61+ microvesicles were found in stroke patients with treatment failure, defined in this study as a recurrent vascular events in a one-year follow-up period. Conclusions: This study revealed no relationship between circulating microvesicle number and platelet aggregation. The procoagulant and proinflammatory phenotype of circulating platelet-derived microvesicles might contribute to acetylsalicylic acid treatment failure.

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