Intimacy and the knowledge of the inmates of a prison on stds and hiv/aids

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ricardo Saraiva Aguiar ◽  
Almilane Sá Varão ◽  
Nicoly Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

 ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the knowledge of the inmates of Casa de Prisão Provisória (CPP) of Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, on STDs and HIV/AIDS. Methodology: this is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, focusing on phenomenology, and the participation of seven inmates who met the inclusion criteria: to have more than six months of detention in the CPP of Gurupi; to be over 18 years of age; and to be under semi-open prison regime. A semi-structured interview script was used, whose results were analyzed through Minayo’s Proposal for Qualitative Data Interpretation of Data. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Centro Universitario UNIRG, under the Protocol 0109/2010. Results: it was observed that the inmates have a low knowledge on STDs and HIV/AIDS and that no preventive measures against these diseases are adopted in the CPP of Gurupi.  Conclusion: the knowledge of the inmates on STDs and HIV/AIDS showed to be deficient due to low education and detention status itself; the inmates obtain no information about these diseases from health professionals. Thus, there is a need for adopting health education programs in the CPP of Gurupi to prevent STDs and HIV/AIDS. Descriptors: health; nursing; sexually trasmitted diseases; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento dos reeducandos da Casa de Prisão Provisória (CPP) de Gurupi-TO sobre as DST’s e HIV/AIDS. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com enfoque na fenomenologia com a participação de sete reeducandos que atenderam os critérios de inclusão: possuir mais de seis meses de reclusão na CPP de Gurupi; ser maior de 18 anos; e pertencer ao regime de prisão semi-aberto. Utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado, cujos resultados foram analisados por meio da Proposta de Interpretação Qualitativa de Dados de Minayo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário UNIRG, sob o Protocolo n.º 0109/2010. Resultados: verificou-se que os reeducandos apresentam déficit de conhecimento sobre as DST’s e HIV/AIDS e que as medidas preventivas a essas doenças não são adotadas na CPP de Gurupi. Conclusão: o conhecimento dos reeducandos acerca das DST’s e HIV/AIDS mostrou-se deficiente devido à baixa escolaridade e à própria condição de reclusão; os reeducandos não são orientados por profissionais de saúde sobre essas doenças. Dessa forma, há necessidade de implantar programas de educação em saúde na CPP de Gurupi para prevenir as DST’s e HIV/AIDS. Descritores: saúde; enfermagem; doenças sexualmente transmissíveis; síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida. RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento de los re-educandos de la Casa de Prisión Provisional de Gurupi (Tocantins, Brasil) sobre las Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual (ETS) y VIH/SIDA. Metodología: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de abordaje cualitativo, enfocado en la fenomenología con la participación con siete re-educandos que reunieron los requisitos de inclusión: tener más de seis meses de reclusión en la CPP de Gurupi (TO); ser mayor de 18 años; y estar en régimen de prisión en tercer grado. Se empleó un guión de entrevista semi-estructurada cuyos resultados fueron analizados por medio de la Propuesta de Interpretación Cualitativa de Datos de Minayo. Se aprobó el estudio por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Centro Universitario UNIRG, bajo Protocolo nº 0109/2010. Resultados: se verificó que los re-educandos detentan escaso conocimiento sobre las ETS y VIH/SIDA, y que las medidas preventivas para evitar estas enfermedades no se adoptan en la CPP de Gurupi (TO). Conclusión: el conocimiento de los re-educandos acerca de las ETS y VIH/SIDA se mostró deficiente en virtud de la baja escolarización y a la propia condición de reclusión; se orienta a los re-educandos por medio de profesionales de sanidad sobre estas enfermedades. De esta forma, se verifica la necesidad de implantar programas de educación sanitaria en la CPP de Gurupi (TO) para prevenir tales enfermedades. Descriptores: salud; enfermería; enfermedades de transmisión sexual; síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. 

Difficulties for an imprisoned population to access healthcare services in the interior of the State of Tocantins, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1862
Author(s):  
Ricardo Saraiva Aguiar ◽  
Almilane Sá Varão ◽  
Nicoly Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Detention Facility ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Health Nursing

ABSTRACTObjective: to verify the way how the imprisoned population of the Temporary Detention Facility (TDF) in Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, access the healthcare services and how these individuals evaluate the nursing assistance provided. Methodology: this is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, focusing on phenomenology, in which seven prisoners who met the inclusion criteria participated, those that: have been jailed in the Gurupi’s TDF for more than 6 months; are more than 18 years old; are under semi-open prison regime; and used a healthcare service in the last 6 months. A semi-structured interview was used, whose results were analyzed through the Minayo’s Proposal for Qualitative Data Interpretation. The study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research of Centro Universitario UNIRG, under the Protocol 0109/2010. Results: it was observed that some prisoners are not satisfied with their access to the Gurupi’s healthcare facilities. However, the nursing assistance provided was considered a good one by them. Conclusion: the prisoners’ access to healthcare services may be considered a deficient one due to the constraints on safety issues and the poor conditions of the healthcare service, but the nursing assistance provided was evaluated as a good one. Descriptors: health; nursing; prison facilities.RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a forma de acesso aos serviços de saúde da população carcerária da Casa de Prisão Provisória (CPP) de Gurupi-TO e como esses indivíduos avaliam a assistência de enfermagem oferecida. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com enfoque na fenomenologia, na qual participaram sete reeducandos, após atenderem os critérios de inclusão: possuir mais de 6 meses de reclusão na CPP de Gurupi-TO; ser maior de 18 anos; pertencer ao regime de prisão semi-aberto; e ter sido atendido em um serviço de saúde nos últimos seis meses. Utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado, cujos resultados foram analisados por meio da Proposta de Interpretação Qualitativa de Dados de Minayo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário UNIRG, sob o Protocolo n.º 0109/2010. Resultados: verificou-se uma insatisfação por parte dos reeducandos sobre seu acesso aos estabelecimentos de saúde de Gurupi-TO. No que diz respeito à assistência de enfermagem oferecida esta foi avaliada como boa pelos reeducandos. Conclusão: o acesso dos reeducandos aos serviços de saúde mostrou-se deficiente devido às limitações impostas pelas questões de segurança e pela precariedade do serviço de saúde, mas a assistência de enfermagem oferecida foi avaliada como boa. Descritores: saúde; enfermagem; prisões.RESUMENObjetivo: verificar la forma de acceso a servicios de sanidad de la población carcelaria de la Casa de Prisión Provisional (CPP) de Gurupi–TO y como los usuarios evalúan la asistencia de enfermería ofrecida. Metodología: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de abordaje cualitativo con enfoque en la fenomenología, en el que participaron siete reeducandos, tras reunir los requisitos de inclusión: llevar más de seis meses de reclusión en la CPP de Gurupi–TO; ser mayor de 18 años; pertenecer al régimen de prisión semi abierto; y haber sido atendido en un servicio de sanidad durante los últimos seis meses. Se utilizó un guión de entrevista semi-estructurado, cuyos resultados se analizaron por medio de la Propuesta de Interpretación Cualitativa de Datos de Minayo. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Pesquisa del Centro Universitario UNIRG, bajo n.º 0109/2010. Resultados: se verificó una insatisfacción por parte de los reeducandos sobre su acceso a los establecimientos de salud de Gurupi–TO. En lo referente a la asistencia de enfermería ofrecida, esta se evaluó como buena por los reeducandos. Conclusión: el acceso de los reeducandos a los servicios de salud se mostró deficiente debido a las limitaciones impuestas por las cuestiones de seguridad y por la precariedad del servicio de salud, pero la asistencia de enfermería ofrecida se evaluó como buena. Descriptores: sanidad; enfermería; prisiones.

scholarly journals Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): knowledge, perception, and attitude among pharmacists in Kelantan, Malaysia.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Muhammad Munzir Sidi Omar ◽  
Nur Amalina Wahida Ab Wahab ◽  
Ann Gie Ong ◽  
Nurul Izyan Mohamed Azam ◽  
Aqilah Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Although pharmacists’ role in the care of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients is well established, studies had reported pharmacists’ negative attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), with negative impact on HIV management. This study aimed to explore pharmacists’ knowledge of HIV/AIDS, perception towards the changing of treatment regimens of HIV/AIDS, attitudes towards PLWHA, and to identify factors affecting the pharmacists’ attitudes towards PLWHA in the state of Kelantan, which reportedly have the third highest number of HIV/AIDS patients in Malaysia. Materials and method: A validated online 43-item questionnaire was distributed to 400 pharmacists in Kelantan. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with pharmacists’ negative attitude towards PLWHA.  Results: A total of 170 respondents (response rate 42%) completed the questionnaire. Respondents had knowledge on the potential causes of HIV infection [median(IQR) score=13.00(1); maximum score=14.00], and preventive measures of HIV/AIDS transmission [median(IQR) score=12.00(1); maximum score=12.00]. On decision in changing regimens, the respondents agreed on the need to change treatment regimen for HIV/AIDS when required [median(IQR) score=7.00(2); maximum score=8.00]. Up to 40.6% of respondents thought that the treatment regimen should not be switched based on cost. Two-thirds of the respondents had negative attitudes towards PLWHA (67.1%). Respondents who worked in community pharmacy reported positive attitudes towards PLWHA (Adj OR=0.125; 95%CI=0.025-0.623; p=0.011). Conclusion: Pharmacists in Kelantan had several misconceptions towards the causes of HIV/AIDS, preventive measures of HIV/AIDS transmission, and necessity in changing treatment regimen when required. Despite good disease related knowledge, most pharmacists had negative attitudes towards PLWHA, while pharmacists working in community settings presented more positive attitudes towards PLWHA.

scholarly journals Morte/morrer de pessoas com hiv: o olhar da enfermagem

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3337
Author(s):  
Amanda Regina da Silva Góis ◽  
Brígida Maria Gonçalves de Melo Brandão ◽  
Regina Celia de Oliveira ◽  
Solange Fátima Geraldo da Costa ◽  
Denize Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Hiv Aids

RESUMOObjetivo: descrever os conteúdos representacionais de profissionais da Enfermagem sobre a morte e o morrer de pessoas vivendo com HIV. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, de campo, descritivo e exploratório, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado em sete Serviços de Assistência Especializada (SAE) em HIV/AIDS e um Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA, com 20 profissionais de enfermagem, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Analisaram-se as falas pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Categorial. Resultados: elegeram-se quatro categorias temáticas a partir da análise das falas: “O diagnóstico”; “Os significados da morte e do morrer”; “O enfrentamento dos profissionais da Enfermagem perante a morte e morrer de PVHIV” e “A morte dando lugar à possibilidade de vida”. Conclusão: incidem-se os conteúdos representacionais nas práticas em saúde e enfermagem desde a construção simbólica do adoecimento perante a possibilidade de morte relacionada ao HIV e às novas perspectivas de tratamento e promoção da saúde, sendo possível destacar o avanço do conhecimento científico dos profissionais de enfermagem, o que contribui para a sua assistência em saúde às PVHIV. Descritores: Enfermagem; Morte; HIV; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; Percepção Social; Promoção da Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the representational contents of Nursing professionals about the death and dying of people living with HIV. Method: this is a qualitative, field-based, descriptive and exploratory study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, carried out in seven Specialized Assistance Services (SAS) in HIV / AIDS and a Testing and Counseling Center (TCC) with 20 nursing professionals, through a semi-structured interview. The speeches were analyzed by the technique of Content Analysis in the Categorical Analysis modality. Results: four thematic categories were chosen from the analysis of the lines: "The diagnosis"; "The meanings of death and dying"; "The confrontation of nursing professionals before death and die of PLHIV" and "Death giving way to the possibility of life". Conclusion: the focus was on the representational contents on health and nursing practices from the symbolic construction of illness to the possibility of death related to HIV and the new perspectives of treatment and health promotion, being possible to highlight the advance of the scientific knowledge of nursing professionals, which contributes to their health care to PLHIV. Descriptors: Nursing; Death; HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Social Perception; Health Promotion.RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los contenidos representacionales de profesionales de Enfermería sobre la muerte y el morir de personas viviendo con VIH. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, de campo, descriptivo y exploratorio, fundamentado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, realizado en siete Servicios de Asistencia Especializada (SAE) en VIH / SIDA y un Centro de Pruebas y Asesoramiento (CTA, con 20 profesionales de enfermería, por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada. Se analizaron las hablas por la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad Análisis Categorial. Resultados:  se elegieron cuatro categorias temáticas a partir del análisis de las hablas: “El diagnóstico”; “El significado de la muerte y del morir”; “El enfrentamiento de los profesionales de la enfermería ante la muerte y morir de PVHIV" y "La muerte dando lugar a la posibilidad de vida". Conclusión: se inciden los contenidos representacionales en las prácticas en salud y enfermería desde la construcción simbólica de la enfermedad ante la posibilidad de muerte relacionada al VIH y las nuevas perspectivas de tratamiento y promoción de la salud, siendo posible destacar el avance del conocimiento científico de los profesionales de enfermería, lo que contribuye a su asistencia en salud a las PVVIH. Descriptores: Enfermería; Muerte; VIH; Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida; Percepción Social; Promoción de la Salud.

Therapeutical day-by-day of the hiv/aids teenagers: implications on nursing care

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Aline Cammarano Ribeiro ◽  
Stela Maris Mello Padoin ◽  
Cristiane Cardoso Paula
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
Health Promotion And Education ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTObjective: understanding the therapeutical day-by-day experiences of the HIV/AIDS teenager. This research scenario will be the pediatric and adult ambulatorial services in an Universitary Hospital in Brazil. Methodolgy: a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach using Martin Heidegger´s theorical and methodological references. In this research, the participants are teenagers with HIV/AIDS who attend to the above mentioned service and are aware of their diagnosis. A phenomenological interview will be carried out with the participants, with an orienting question. For the statements analysis the heideggerian method will be used, which is composed of two moments: the first one is the comprehensive analysis named vague and median and the second one is the hermeneutical interpretative analysis. Expected results: we foresee the approach between the teenagers and the nursing crew, aiming the construction of knowledge and contributing in daily practice and interventions, which were mediated by actions of caring, centered in health promotion and education for the development of self-caring. Descriptors: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; human immunodeficiency vírus; teenagers; adolescent health; nursing; pediatric nursing; existentialism.     RESUMOObjetivo: compreender a vivência do cotidiano terapêutico do adolescente que tem HIV/AIDS. O cenário da pesquisa será no serviço de ambulatório pediátrico e adulto de um Hospital de Ensino, no Brasil. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo com abordagem fenomenológica com a utilização do referencial teórico e metodológico de Martin Heidegger. Os participantes da pesquisa serão adolescentes que têm HIV/AIDS, que realizam acompanhamento no referido serviço e que sabem do seu diagnóstico. Será realizada entrevista fenomenológica, com a realização de uma pergunta orientadora. Para análise dos depoimentos será utilizado o método heideggeriano, o qual possui dois momentos metódicos: o primeiro é a análise compreensiva denominada vaga e mediana e o segundo momento análise interpretativa hermenêutica. Resultados esperados: vislumbra-se a aproximação do adolescente que tem HIV/AIDS e a enfermagem, com vistas a produção do conhecimento e contribuições nas práticas de intervenção. Essas mediadas por ações de cuidado, centradas na promoção e na educação em saúde para o desenvolvimento do cuidado de si. Descritores: síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida; vírus da imunodeficiência humana; adolescente; saúde do adolescente; enfermagem; enfermagem pediátrica;  existencialismo. RESUMENObjetivo: comprender la vivencia del cotidiano terapéutico del adolescente que tiene VIH/SIDA. El escenario de la investigación será en el servicio de ambulatorio pediátrico y adulto de un Hospital de Enseñanza, en Brasil. Metodologia: estudio cualitativo con abordaje fenomenológico con la utilización del referencial teórico y metodológico de Martin Heidegger. Los participantes de la investigación serán adolescentes que tienen VIH/SIDA, que realizan acompañamiento en el referido servicio y que saben de su diagnóstico. Será realizada entrevista fenomenológica, con la realización de una pregunta orientadora.  Para el análisis de las declaraciones será utilizado el método heideggeriano, lo cual posee dos momentos metódicos: el primer momento es el análisis comprensivo denominado vago y mediano y el segundo, el análisis interpretativo hermenéutico. Resultados esperados: se vislumbra el acercamiento del adolescente que tiene VIH/SIDA y la enfermería, con vistas a producción del conocimiento y contribuciones en las prácticas de intervención. Ésas mediadas por acciones de cuidado, centradas en la promoción y en la educación en salud para el desarrollo del cuidado de sí. Descriptores: síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; virus de inmunodeficiencia humana; adolescente; salud del adolescente; enfermería; enfermería pediátrica; existencialismo.    

Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Tentang Hiv/Aids Di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nur Syamsi NL
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) adalah syndrom yang timbul akibat adanya virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. HIV/AIDS dapat menular melalui darah, sperma, cairan vagina, dan ASI (Air Susu Ibu). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang terletak di jalan Bung lorong 2, Kelurahan Tamalanrea, Kecamatan Tamalanrea Jaya, Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Besarnya sampel yang digunakan adalah 30 responden dari 600 populasi yang dipilih secara Total Sampling. Di mana dalam pengambilan data digunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden. Dari keseluruhan responden didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang diteliti didapat 15 mahasiswa (50%) yang tingkat pengetahuan baik tentang HIV/AIDS dan terdapat 14 mahasiswa (46,7%) yang tingkat pengetahuan cukup tentang HIV/AID dan terdapat 1 mahasiswa (3,3%) yang tingkat pengetahuan kurang tentang HIV/AIDS

Stigma, Discrimination, and Ostracization: HIV/AIDS Infection in Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesola O. Oyelese
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

The AIDS epidemic continues and HIV-infected persons continue to suffer stigmatization and discrimination in Nigeria. The results of an open-ended questionnaire administered non-randomly in Ile-Ife and Ilesa in the late 1990s confirm this. Six questions on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were asked; 83 (36.4%) males and 145 (63.6%) females aged between 11 and 60 years responded. The respondents included 101 students, 49 civil servants, 39 artisans and traders. Others included 29 health professionals (doctors and nurses, etc.), 8 teachers, and 2 commercial sex workers. The median of negative responses (rejection) is 42.2%. It is concluded that there still exists a significant but suppressed or subtle stigmatization and discrimination against HIV-infected people, a major constraint in the management and control of HIV/AIDS.

HIV/AIDS and traditional healers: a blessing in disguise

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
B L Meel
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Herbal Decoction ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Traditional healers contribute significantly to the level of health-care systems in Africa. They could play an important role in the prevention and care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in the community. The traditional healing system deals with psychosocial stress associated with HIV/AIDS as well as herbal medications. Sometimes, herbal medicine causes serious life-threatening complications. Two case reports are presented in this article. The first is a 48-year-old woman with HIV who was made to drink a large volume of a herbal decoction to stimulate vomiting in the belief that cleansing the bowel would rid the system of the disease. The second is a 25-year-old young man who had a herbal enema, which resulted in gangrene of the large bowel. The case histories, mechanism of action and causes of death are discussed.

Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) dalam Upaya Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan Persuasi Penggunaan Kondom di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Machria Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)  dan AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Prevalensi HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi juga cukup tinggi yakni 4.557 kasus. Cara penularan HIV terbesar adalah melalui hubungan seksual (71 %). Sejumlah 18,23% orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) adalah wanita pekerja seks (WPS). Meskipun lokalisasi di Banyuwangi telah resmi ditutup pada tahun 2013, namun praktik prostitusi masih terselubung dijalankan. Hubungan seksual tanpa kondom menjadi mata rantai penyebaran HIV/AIDS di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi pengetahuan dan sikap WPS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom di eks lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Desain penelitian adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu WPS di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong berjumlah 32 orang yang diambil dengan teknik Total sampling. Pengambilan data dengan metode angket dan dianalisis statistik menggunakan SPSS 20.0 version. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WPS yang memiliki pengetahuan rendah dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sebanyak 56,2 %, sikap negatif sebesar 53,1% dan sebanyak 59,4% tidak melakukan persuasi penggunaan kondom. Analisis uji chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan WPS dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (ρ = 0,002α), serta ada hubungan antara sikap WPS dalam upaya penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (nilai ρ = 0,000α). Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom adalah sikap, dengan  probabilitas sikap negatif WPS sebesar 78%. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan pihak terkait guna peningkatan 100% penggunaan kondom sehingga dapat menekan angka pertumbuhan HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.

scholarly journals Analysis of HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Socioeconomic Factors in Sub-Saharan Africa

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuman Sun ◽  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Huiguo Zhang ◽  
Haijun Jiang ◽  
Xijian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Sub-Saharan Africa has been the epicenter of the outbreak since the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) began to be prevalent. This article proposes several regression models to investigate the relationships between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and socioeconomic factors (the gross domestic product per capita, and population density) in ten countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, for 2011–2016. The maximum likelihood method was used to estimate the unknown parameters of these models along with the Newton–Raphson procedure and Fisher scoring algorithm. Comparing these regression models, there exist significant spatiotemporal non-stationarity and auto-correlations between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and two socioeconomic factors. Based on the empirical results, we suggest that the geographically and temporally weighted Poisson autoregressive (GTWPAR) model is more suitable than other models, and has the better fitting results.

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