scholarly journals Literature Review of Mental Health and Psychosocial Aspects of Ebola Virus Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Grigoryan ◽  
Rebecca Bitsko ◽  
Ha Young Lee ◽  
Barbara Lopes-Cardozo ◽  
Ruth Perou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Response

The mental health and psychosocial implications of the 2014 Ebola outbreak are multifaceted, impacting survivors, families, healthcare providers, and the public health response. We conducted a literature review and summarized published information pertinent to mental health and psychosocial aspects of Ebola virus disease (EVD). A total of 140 documents were identified, including peer-reviewed research, newspaper articles, pamphlets, and guidelines/training manuals. One of the main obstacles in reducing the outbreak has been the widespread ignorance, and potential panic over EVD, leading to fear, isolation, and stigmatization. Using results of this review we developed stigma mitigation messages for Ebola survivors and responders.

The epidemiological characteristics of Ebola virus disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Brian S.Singer ◽  
Stefan K Blinov
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Surveillance And Response ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Ebola was first reported in 1976 in Sudan and Congo and named after the river where it was identified. They cause fulminating disease characterized by acute fever followed by generalized hemorrhagic syndrome that is associated with 90% mortality in the most severe forms. It was later reported in Gabon, Central Africa and between 2 and 4 August 2014, a total of 108 new cases of Ebola virus disease (EVD) (laboratory-confirmed, probable, and suspect cases) as well as 45 deaths were reported from Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Surveillance and response represent the final crucial steps in achieving effective control of Ebola virus disease, it should be followed by an effective public health response – delivered as integrated packages – with the purpose to interrupt transmission in well defined areas. In addition, intensive efficacy and pharmacovigilance assessment of these interventions including diagnostics, drugs and vaccines against Ebola and other emerging infectious diseases including NTDs must be carefully re-evaluated, and the cut-offs determined and monitored over time, in addition to enhance cross-border collaboration and strengthen effective coordination across African government and populations. Control interventions were very successful in containing the epidemic of EVD.

scholarly journals Diminished Quality of Life among Women affected by Ebola

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessi Hanson ◽  
Alexis Decosimo ◽  
Megan Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Negative Experiences

This article analyzes data collected from Liberian women afflicted by the Ebola virus disease, survivors of the virus and noninfected persons living in Ebola-affected homes. This research is one of the first statistical analyses examining factors diminishing quality of life: negative experiences, stigma, and psychosocial symptoms among females affected by the virus after the outbreak. The research presents a thorough literature review, including research related to other infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS, to inform the gap in studies on Ebola’s effects on quality of life. Women who are Ebola virus disease survivors demonstrate significant differences in stigma and psychosocial stress when compared to their female peers. This article attempts to broaden understanding of the conditions and mental health of women affected by Ebola.

scholarly journals Vector-borne transmission of Zika virus in Europe, southern France, August 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Giron ◽  
Florian Franke ◽  
Anne Decoppet ◽  
Bernard Cadiou ◽  
Thierry Travaglini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Patient Interviews ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Vector Borne

On 1 October 2019, a locally-acquired Zika virus disease case was laboratory confirmed in Hyères, Var department. Active case finding identified two additional locally-acquired cases living within 90 m, with symptom onset 8 days before the index case. Extensive patient interviews did not yield information supporting transmission through sexual contact or substances of human origin. Vector-borne transmission by local Aedes albopictus mosquitoes is the most likely mode of transmission. Here we describe the public health response.

scholarly journals Airport Entry and Exit Screening during the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in Sierra Leone, 2014 to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kolitha Wickramage
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Secondary Screening

We present entry and exit screening outcomes on all persons passing through Freetown International Airport (FNA) in Sierra Leone during the period 1st September 2014 to 4th February 2016. A total of 166,242 persons underwent screening for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) at FNA. Five persons were denied air travel from Sierra Leone after secondary screening. Laboratory testing revealed none were positive for EVD. No cases were identified through entry screening route. The public health value of airport screening for EVD is discussed.

scholarly journals Mental health care for medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Walton ◽  
Esther Murray ◽  
Michael D Christian
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Response

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented challenge for society. Supporting the mental health of medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers (staff) is a critical part of the public health response. This paper details the effects on staff and addresses some of the organisational, team and individual considerations for supporting staff (pragmatically) during this pandemic. Leaders at all levels of health care organisations will find this a valuable resource.

scholarly journals Anthropology in public health emergencies:what is anthropology good for?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e000534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl Stellmach ◽  
Isabel Beshar ◽  
Juliet Bedford ◽  
Philipp du Cros ◽  
Beverley Stringer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Increasing Demand

Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (2013–2016) and Zika virus (2015–2016) bring renewed recognition of the need to understand social pathways of disease transmission and barriers to care. Social scientists, anthropologists in particular, have been recognised as important players in disease outbreak response because of their ability to assess social, economic and political factors in local contexts. However, in emergency public health response, as with any interdisciplinary setting, different professions may disagree over methods, ethics and the nature of evidence itself. A disease outbreak is no place to begin to negotiate disciplinary differences. Given increasing demand for anthropologists to work alongside epidemiologists, clinicians and public health professionals in health crises, this paper gives a basic introduction to anthropological methods and seeks to bridge the gap in disciplinary expectations within emergencies. It asks: ‘What can anthropologists do in a public health crisis and how do they do it?’ It argues for an interdisciplinary conception of emergency and the recognition that social, psychological and institutional factors influence all aspects of care.

scholarly journals Mental health among Ebola survivors in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea: results from a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e035217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Secor ◽  
Rose Macauley ◽  
Laurentiu Stan ◽  
Meba Kagone ◽  
Sidibe Sidikiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence and correlates of depression and anxiety among adult Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOne-on-one surveys were conducted in EVD-affected communities in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea in early 2018.Participants1495 adult EVD survivors (726 male, 769 female).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scores and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores.ResultsPrevalence and severity of depression and anxiety varied across the three countries. Sierra Leone had the highest prevalence of depression, with 22.0% of participants meeting the criteria for a tentative diagnosis of depression, compared with 20.2% in Liberia and 13.0% in Guinea. Sierra Leone also showed the highest prevalence of anxiety, with 10.7% of participants meeting criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7 score ≥10), compared with 9.9% in Liberia and 4.2% in Guinea. Between one-third and one-half of respondents reported little interest or pleasure in doing things in the previous 2 weeks (range: 47.0% in Liberia to 37.6% in Sierra Leone), and more than 1 in 10 respondents reported ideation of self-harm or suicide (range: 19.4% in Sierra Leone to 10.4% in Guinea). Higher depression and anxiety scores were statistically significantly associated with each other and with experiences of health facility-based stigma in all three countries. Other associations between mental health scores and respondent characteristics varied across countries.ConclusionsOur results indicate that both depression and anxiety are common among EVD survivors in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea, but that there is country-level heterogeneity in prevalence, severity and correlates of these conditions. All three countries should work to make mental health services available for survivors, and governments and organisations should consider the intersection between EVD-related stigma and mental health when designing programmes and training healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Future Healthcare Providers’ Knowledge about Ebola Virus Disease: A Private University Students’ Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal ◽  
Salah-Ud-Din Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge of future healthcare providers regarding the Ebola virus disease (EVD) in a private university. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method. A self-developed and pre-validated tool was used to collect data from students studying in three health care faculties of a university in Malaysia. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: More female students 170 (62.3%) participated in the present study than the male students 103 (37.7%), out of a total of 273 studied students. The majority of the final year students had an adequate knowledge towards EVD than the pre-final year students. Conclusion: Overall appropriate and good knowledge was observed among the studied future healthcare providers. The present study concluded that pharmacy students had better knowledge regarding EVD than the rest of the studied students.

scholarly journals University Students’ Perception of Ebola Virus Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Salah-Ud-Din Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Future Health Care

Objective: The present study was conducted to appraise future healthcare providers' perceptions in medical, dental, and pharmacy students on Ebola virus disease (EVD) in university in Malaysia. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between healthcare students from the medical pharmacy and dental faculties using a self-developed and pre-validated research tool. A stratified convenient sampling technique was used to calculate the sample size. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 273 future healthcare providers from the medical pharmacy and dental faculty participated in the current study.  The medical and pharmacy student shows move appropriate perception as compared to the dental students. Gender does not have any significant impact on future health care providers on Ebola virus disease. Conclusion: The present study concluded varied reactions from the future health care providers regarding the perception of EVD in a university in Malaysia.

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