scholarly journals FORMULASI SEDIAAN LOTION SEBAGAI TABIR SURYA DARI EKSTRAK METANOL KULIT LUAR BUAH JENGKOL (Archidendron jiringa (jack) I.C.Nielsen)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sopian ◽  
In Rahmi Fatria Fajr ◽  
Nadya Syahdania
Keyword(s):  
Active Component ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Outer Skin ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Harmful Effects

Sunscreen is a chemical or ingredient that contains elements that protect the skin from the harmful effects of direct sunlight. The flavonoid molecules in the jengkol fruit's outer skin have a conjugated aromatic benzene group, which can absorb UVA or UVB radiation and cause skin damage. The goal of this study is to figure out what concentration of methanol extract of the outer skin of jengkol fruit (100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm) gives the best SPF value and what effect that concentration has on the outer skin of jengkol fruit as an active ingredient in sunscreen preparations. Using spectrophotometry, the efficacy of a methanol extract of the outer skin of the jengkol fruit as an active component in sunscreen was assessed at concentrations of 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, and 300 ppm. The methanol extract of the jengkol fruit's outer peel had a concentration of 300 ppm (SPF value 4.783) and was divided into three formulae with concentrations of 0.3 (F1), 0.45 (F2), and 0.65 (F3) (F3). Physical, chemical, stability, and SPF quality of the resulting formulations were evaluated. Each jengkol fruit outer skin extract lotion formulation was shown to be effective as a sunscreen, with SPF values of 27.90 (F1), 8.46 (F2), and 15.56 respectively (F3)ABSTRAKTabir surya adalah zat atau  ramuan yang mengandung bahan kandungan pelindung kulit terhadap paparan sinar matahari langsung yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kulit. Senyawa flavonoid dalam kulit luar buah jengkol memiliki gugus benzene aromatic terkonjugasi yang dapat menyerap sinar UVA atau UVB serta dapat menyebabkan efek buruk terhadap kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak methanol kulit luar buah jengkol (100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm) yang memberikan nilai SPF paling baik dan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak metanol kulit luar buah jengkol sebagai bahan aktif sediaan tabir surya. Ekstrak metanol kulit luar buah jengkol dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, dan 300 ppm yang ditentukan efektivitasnya sebagai bahan aktif tabir surya menggunakan spektrofotometri. Ekstrak metanol kulit luar buah jengkol dengan konsentrasi 300 ppm (nilai SPF 4,783) diformulasikan dalam tiga formula dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,3 (F1), 0,45 (F2), 0,65 (F3). Sediaan yang diperoleh dievaluasi mutu fisik, kimia, stabilitas, dan SPF. Masingmasing formula lotion ekstrak kulit luar buah jengkol ditentukan efektifitasnya sebagai tabir surya dan mendapatkan nilai SPF 27,90 (F1), 8,46 (F2) dan 15,56 (F3).

The real concept of substitution in Ayurveda literature and adulteration the misleading concept of modern era

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashashri Shinde ◽  
Pankaj Gupta ◽  
Sudipt Rath
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Material Identification ◽  
The Real ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Unfair Trade ◽  
Modern Era

A quality drug is central to the success of any therapeutic plan. The quality of drug is determined right from the collection to delivery to the patients. The commonest problem involving the medicinal plant stating materials is intentional or unintentional substitution and adulteration owing to multiple reasons like unavailability, higher costs, unfair trade etc. This trend was also present in the olden days, as evident from the concept of substitute drugs (Pratinidhi Dravya) as available in Yogratanakara, Bhavaprakasha and Bhaishajyaratnawali. Therefore, Charka and later Acharyas also have dealt with authentication and standardization of herbal drugs and formulations in detail by using four Pramanas (tools of knowledge) Ch.Vi.8/87. Nowadays the concept of substitution is entirely converted into intentional and unintentional malpractices of adulteration. The established authenticity parameters for plant material identification and standardization like organoleptic, physical, chemical and genetic parameters are relatively inaccessible for routine use. Not withstanding the accuracy and usefulness of these lab parameters and delay in the development of easy to perform parameters for reasonable drug authentication. These adulteration malpractices spoils the market of herbal industries. In this article we discuss about concept of substitution in ancient Ayurveda and at present intentional and unintentional adulteration practices.

Evaluation of the microbiological and physical-chemical quality of salted bovine meat marketed in establishments and free fairs in the north zone of Rio de Janeiro

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Julio Cesar Queiroz Penha ◽  
Robson Maia Franco ◽  
Maria Carmela Kasnowski Holanda Duarte ◽  
Katia Christina Leandro
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
The North ◽  
Physical Chemical

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Spirulina-Derived C-Phycocyanin against Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in HaCaT Cells

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Young Ah Jang ◽  
Bo Ae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Radiation Group ◽  
Skin Wrinkles

Background and objectives: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overwhelm the antioxidant defense system, induce oxidative stress, and increase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, resulting in skin aging. Thus, preventing ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage can attenuate skin aging. Spirulina (a biomass of cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae) is comprised of prokaryotes, whereas microalgae are eukaryotes and are rich in phycocyanin, a powerful antioxidant. Materials and Methods: Here, we investigated the photoprotective effects of spirulina-derived C-phycocyanin (C-PC) against UVB radiation using keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). Results: UVB radiation increased MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression but decreased involucrin, filaggrin, and loricrin expression. C-PC showed no toxicity at concentrations of 5–80 μg/mL in terms of HaCaT cell viability. UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells had a 50.8% survival rate, which increased to 80.3% with C-PC treatment. MMP expression increased with UVB treatment, whereas MMP-1 and MMP-9 concentrations decreased with C-PC treatment. UVB reduced involucrin, filaggrin, and loricrin expression in HaCaT cells, but 80 μg/mL C-PC increased their expression by >25%. In the UVB radiation group, dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescence intensity in HaCaT cells increased by 81.6% compared with that in the control group, whereas ROS production was reduced by 51.2% and 55.1% upon treatment with 40 and 80 μg/mL C-PC, respectively. Conclusions: C-PC might reduce or prevent skin aging by reducing UVB irradiation-induced skin wrinkles and free radicals.

scholarly journals With other people’s money: Campaign financing as an agency problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Amado Bahia Gama ◽  
Gisele Walczak Galilea ◽  
Rodrigo Bandeira-de-Mello ◽  
Rosilene Marcon
Keyword(s):  
Agency Theory ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Corporate Political Activity ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Electoral Campaigns ◽  
Earning Quality ◽  
Campaign Financing ◽  
Harmful Effects

Agency theory explanations for corporate political activity assume that managers distort resource allocation to invest in political connections to pursue personal benefits. While distorted resource allocations yield poor earning quality, we expect that companies with efficient governance may curb this opportunistic behavior. We used matching procedures to identify the effects of financing political campaigns on the earning quality of the firm. We assembled an original panel of listed firms in Brazil from 1998 to 2013. We found that firms that donated to electoral campaigns had a lower earning quality than nondonor firms. Firms with superior corporate governance instruments were able to reduce the harmful effects on earning quality. These results support the tenets of agency theory in explaining why firms engage in politics.

scholarly journals Effect of Inulin on the Physical, Chemical and Sensory Quality Attributes of Polish Chicken Burgers

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Cegielka ◽  
Krzysztof Tambor
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Control Product ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Sensory Analyses ◽  
Addition Level

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>Four formulations of chicken burger were prepared: control product without inulin, and products with 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 % of inulin (in relation to the weight of meat, fatty raw material, and water), respectively. Physical, chemical and sensory analyses were made to evaluate the effect of inulin on the quality of cooked burgers. The results showed that the application of inulin did not cause significant decrease of the thermal processing yield nor the shear force of the products. However, the addition of inulin resulted in slight, but significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) in chemical composition and energy value of burgers. Burgers of all formulations were acceptable in sensory characteristics. The addition level of inulin not higher than 1.0 %, did not result in deterioration of physical, chemical and sensory quality characteristics of chicken burgers. To improve the nutritional value of chicken burgers, the modification of fatty acid composition is recommended.</p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

scholarly journals Review: Sensors for Biosignal/Health Monitoring in Electronic Skin

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2478
Author(s):  
Hyeon Seok Oh ◽  
Chung Hyeon Lee ◽  
Na Kyoung Kim ◽  
Taechang An ◽  
Geon Hwee Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Electronic Skin ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Flexible Component

Skin is the largest sensory organ and receives information from external stimuli. Human body signals have been monitored using wearable devices, which are gradually being replaced by electronic skin (E-skin). We assessed the basic technologies from two points of view: sensing mechanism and material. Firstly, E-skins were fabricated using a tactile sensor. Secondly, E-skin sensors were composed of an active component performing actual functions and a flexible component that served as a substrate. Based on the above fabrication processes, the technologies that need more development were introduced. All of these techniques, which achieve high performance in different ways, are covered briefly in this paper. We expect that patients’ quality of life can be improved by the application of E-skin devices, which represent an applied advanced technology for real-time bio- and health signal monitoring. The advanced E-skins are convenient and suitable to be applied in the fields of medicine, military and environmental monitoring.

scholarly journals Female aging

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Esposito Sorpreso ◽  
José Maria Soares Júnior ◽  
Angela Maggio da Fonseca ◽  
Edmund Chada Baracat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
More Care ◽  
Female Aging ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Harmful Effects

SUMMARY Female aging is a process that involves hypoestrogenism time, the individual impact on each woman, and what we can do as experts to reduce morbidity and provide quality of life. This natural process in the female life cycle has been of concern to women after menopause. Changes in different biophysical and psychosocial aspects, and their individual experiences, have repercussions on the lives of patients seeking specialized and multidisciplinary support to reduce the harmful effects of prolonged hypoestrogenism. Overweight and obesity, inadequate living habits and the presence of multi-morbidities cause damage to the quality of life and impact the functional capacity. Behavioral prescription and hormone therapy are among the treatments given to ease symptoms and reduce morbidity. A better understanding of these factors can help identify groups that require more care after menopause.

Physical, chemical and microbiological quality of ice used to cool drinks and foods in Greece and its public health implications

Anaerobe ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 351-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gerokomou ◽  
C. Voidarou ◽  
A. Vatopoulos ◽  
E. Velonakis ◽  
G. Rozos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Physical Chemical
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